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The mythological legends regarding the origin of Kerala are Hindu in nature. Kerala produced several saints and movements. [[Adi Shankara]] was a religious philosopher who contributed to Hinduism and propagated the philosophy of [[Advaita]]. He was instrumental in establishing four [[matha]]s at [[Sringeri]], [[Dwarka]], [[Puri]] and [[Jyotirmath]]. [[Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri]] was another religious figure who composed [[Narayaniyam]], a collection of verses in praise of the Hindu God [[Krishna]].
Islam arrived in Kerala, a part of the larger [[Indian Ocean]] rim, via spice and silk traders from the [[Middle East]]. Historians do not rule out the possibility of Islam being introduced to Kerala as early as the seventh century CE.<ref name="indiatimes3">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Trade-not-invasion-brought-Islam-to-India/articleshow/2144414.cms |title=Trade, not invasion brought Islam to India |last=Sethi |first=Atul |date=24 June 2007 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=24 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated20002">Katz 2000; Koder 1973; Thomas Puthiakunnel 1973; David de Beth Hillel, 1832; Lord, James Henry 1977.</ref> Notable has been the occurrence of [[Legend of Cheraman Perumals|Cheraman Perumal Tajuddin]], the mythical Hindu king that moved to [[Arabia]] to meet
According to some scholars, the Mappilas are the oldest settled Muslim community in South Asia.<ref name="Miller12">Miller, E. Roland. "Mappila Muslim Culture" State University of New York Press, Albany (2015); p. xi.</ref><ref name="TheEncyclopediaofIslam2">Miller, R. E. "Mappila" in ''The Encyclopedia of Islam'' Volume VI. Leiden E. J. Brill 1988 pp. 458–66 [https://books.google.com/books?id=SiBkMSIZ2LYC&q=editions:lTASeHyksMsC]</ref> The monopoly of overseas spice trade from [[Malabar Coast]] was safe with the West Asian shipping magnates of Kerala ports.<ref name=":8">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ovxq8enmRKUC&pg=PA144 |title=Muslim Architecture of South India: The Sultanate of Ma'bar and the Traditions of the Maritime Settlers on the Malabar and Coromandel Coasts (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Goa) |author=Mehrdad Shokoohy |year=2003 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-415-30207-4 |pages=144 |access-date=30 July 2012}}</ref> The Muslims were a major financial power to be reckoned within the kingdoms of Kerala and had great political influence in the Hindu royal courts.<ref name="abc2">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S9RMxjdjUVAC |title=The Legacy of Kerala |last=Menon |first=A. Sreedhara |publisher=Department of Public Relations, Government of Kerala |year=1982 |isbn=978-8126437986 |edition=Reprinted |access-date=16 November 2012}}</ref><ref name=":8" /> The Koyilandy Jumu'ah Mosque contains an [[Old Malayalam]] inscription written in a mixture of ''[[Vatteluttu]]'' and [[Grantha script]]s which dates back to the 10th century CE.<ref name="Okay">Aiyer, K. V. Subrahmanya (ed.), ''South Indian Inscriptions.'' VIII, no. 162, Madras: Govt of India, Central Publication Branch, Calcutta, 1932. p. 69.</ref> It is a rare surviving document recording patronage by a Kerala king to the [[Muslim]]s of Kerala.<ref name="Okay" /> A 13th century granite inscription, written in a mixture of Old Malayalam and [[Arabic]], at [[Muchundi Mosque]] in [[Kozhikode]] mentions a donation by the king to the mosque.<ref name="Narayanan2017">M. G. S. Narayanan. "Kozhikkodinte Katha". Malayalam/Essays. Mathrubhumi Books. Second Edition (2017) {{ISBN|978-8182671140}}</ref> Travellers have recorded the considerably huge presence of Muslim merchants and settlements of sojourning traders in most of the ports of Kerala. Immigration, intermarriage and missionary activity/conversion—secured by the common interest in the spice trade—helped in this development.<ref name=":10">Prange, Sebastian R. ''Monsoon Islam: Trade and Faith on the Medieval Malabar Coast''. Cambridge University Press, 2018.</ref> Most of the Muslims in Kerala follow the [[Shafi'i|Shāfiʿī]] [[Madh'hab|school of religious law]] (''[[Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)|Samastha Kerala Jamiat-ul-Ulema]]'') while a large minority follow movements that developed within [[Sunni Islam]]. The latter section consists of majority [[Salafi movement|Salafists]] (''[[Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen]]''). There is a large Keralan diaspora in the [[Middle East]].<ref name="brill12">Miller, Roland. E., "Mappila" in ''The Encyclopedia of Islam''. Volume VI. E. J. Brill, Leiden. 1987 pp. 458–56.</ref><ref name="Mohammed20072">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PCBdogPnnqsC&pg=PA146 |title=Educational Empowerment of Kerala Muslims: A Socio-historical Perspective |author=Prof. U. Mohammed |publisher=Other Books |year=2007 |isbn=978-8190388733 |pages=146– |access-date=18 November 2012}}</ref>
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