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|caption1 = '''Dr. M.G. Ramachandran'''<br/>Founder of the party
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The party was founded on 17 October 1972, as ''Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam'' (ADMK) by [[M. G. Ramachandran]] (M.G.R.), a veteran [[Cinema of Tamil Nadu|Tamil film]] star and popular politician. It was set up as a breakaway faction from the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] after its president [[M. Karunanidhi]] expelled him from the party for demanding an account as the party treasurer.<ref name="Kohli157">[[#Kohli|Kohli 1990]], p. 157</ref> M.G.R., who wanted to start a new political party, then incorporated into Anakaputhur Ramalingam's party, which had registered under the name ''ADMK''. He then quoted, "I joined the party started by an ordinary cadre" and gave the post of [[TamilMember Naduof the Legislative Council (India)|Member]] of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Council|Legislative Council]] (MLC) to Ramalingam. Later, M.G.R. prefixed the ''All India'' (AI) tag to the party's name to protect the party during the [[Maintenance of Internal Security Act]] (MISA).<ref name="Rana400">[[#Rana|Rana 2006]], p. 400</ref> Since its inception, the relationship between the AIADMK and DMK has been marked by mutual contempt. M.G.R. used his fan club to build the party cadre; he claims his party recruited more than a million members in the first two months. [[C. N. Annadurai]]'s ideologue and movie producer turned politician [[R. M. Veerappan]] was the key architect in unifying M.G.R. fan clubs and further consolidating the party structure in the 1970s. Other key leaders, such as [[Nanjil K. Manoharan]] and [[S. D. Somasundaram]] played major roles in consolidation.<ref name="Murali81">[[#Murali|Murali 2007]], p. 81</ref> Pavalar M. Muthusamy was elected the first presidium chairman of the party.<ref name="admkprechairman">{{cite news|title=மதுசூதனன் மறைவு: அடுத்த அதிமுக அவைத்தலைவர் யார்? வரிசையில் முக்கிய தலைவர்களின் பெயர்கள்.|language=ta|work=news18 tamil|url=https://tamil.news18.com/news/tamil-nadu/the-demise-of-madhusudhanan-who-is-next-presidium-chairman-of-aiadmk-ekr-abi-526001.html|access-date=6 August 2021|archive-date=26 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926010522/https://tamil.news18.com/news/tamil-nadu/the-demise-of-madhusudhanan-who-is-next-presidium-chairman-of-aiadmk-ekr-abi-526001.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Then [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI) state secretary, [[M. Kalyanasundaram]] strongly backed M.G.R. and played a crucial role in shaping his political career by teaming up with the fledgling AIADMK. M.G.R. along with Kalyanasundaram, presented to the [[governor of Tamil Nadu]], [[Kodardas Kalidas Shah|K. K. Shah]], toa charge against the Karunanidhi-led DMK government in November 1972.<ref>{{cite news|title=N. Sankaraiah death: When Sankaraiah's pull-out led to AIADMK's maiden win|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/when-sankaraiahs-pull-out-led-to-aiadmks-maiden-win/article67535755.ece/|access-date=16 November 2023|work=The Hindu|date=16 November 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=AIADMK founding day fete to be muted|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/AIADMK-founding-day-fete-to-be-muted/article16073843.ece/|access-date=1 December 2016|work=The Hindu|date=17 October 2016|language=en}}</ref> The party's first victories were the wins of [[K. Maya Thevar]] in the [[Dindigul Lok Sabha constituency|Dindigul]] parliamentary bye-election in May 1973<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vikatan.com/news/politics/mgr-did-miracle-in-dindugul-parliamentary-constituency|language= ta|title=1973 திண்டுக்கல் இடைத்தேர்தல்; ஆறு மாத குழந்தை அதிமுக வெற்றியடைந்த சரித்திரம்!|website=vikatan|date=21 May 2022|access-date=9 August 2022|archive-date=9 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809113833/https://www.vikatan.com/news/politics/mgr-did-miracle-in-dindugul-parliamentary-constituency|url-status=live}}</ref> and of [[C. Aranganayagam]] in the [[Coimbatore West Assembly constituency|Coimbatore West]] assembly bye-election a year later. On 2 April 1973, the AIADMK emerged as the third-largest political party in Tamil Nadu, represented by 11 MLAs in the assembly. By January 1976, the AIADMK had emerged as the second-largest political party in Tamil Nadu, with 16 MLAs in the assembly. By supporting the [[The Emergency (India)|National Emergency]] between 1975 and 1977, the AIADMK grew close to the [[Indian National Congress]] party.
The DMK-led government was dismissed by a [[Government of India|central government]] on corruption charges in 1976. The AIADMK swept to power, defeating the DMK in the [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977 assembly election]]. M.G.R. was sworn in as the third chief minister of Tamil Nadu on 30 June 1977. In the [[1977 Indian general election|1977 general election]], the party won 18 seats.<ref name="Kohli157"/> In 1979, the AIADMK became the first [[Dravidian parties|Dravidian]] and regional party to join the [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Cabinet]]. [[Sathiavani Muthu]] and [[Aravinda Bala Pajanor]] were the [[Member of Parliament (India)|members of parliament]] who joined the short-lived [[Charan Singh ministry|Union Ministry]] led by then-[[Prime Minister of India|prime minister]] [[Charan Singh]].<ref name="Rana400"/>
In the [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996 assembly election]], the AIADMK continued its alliance with the INC but suffered a massive rout, winning only 4 out of the 234 assembly seats, with even the party's general secretary Jayalalithaa losing in the [[Bargur Assembly constituency|Bargur constituency]].<ref name="Murali84">[[#Murali|Murali 2007]], p. 84</ref><ref name="Murali87">Murali 2007, p. 87</ref> The party lost the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general election]] by losing all the constituencies it contested.
In 1998, the AIADMK Silver Jubilee Conference was held in [[Tirunelveli]] by the party's general secretary [[J. Jayalalithaa]] from January 1 to 3. Several alliance party leaders, such as [[L.Lal K.Krishna Advani]], [[S. Ramadoss]], [[Subramanian Swamy]], [[S. Ramadoss]], [[K. Ramamurthy|Valappaddy K. Ramamurthy]], and [[Vaiko]], participated in it ahead of the Lok Sabha election that year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/news/1998/jan/09aiadmk.htm|title=AIADMK convention gives Jayalalitha a boost|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=9 January 1998}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/19980119-bjp-learns-some-hard-lessons-about-coalition-politics-825446-1998-01-18|title=BJP learns some hard lessons about coalition politics|work=indiatoday|date=19 January 1998|access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30160680.ece|title=A jubilee and a jamboree|work=[[Frontline (magazine)|FrontLine]]|date=10 January 1998}}</ref> During the [[1998 Indian general election|1998 general election]],<ref name="Murali84"/> the AIADMK revived its electoral fortunes when it formed an alliance with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) and [[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (MDMK), and the alliance won 30 seats out of 39 in Tamil Nadu. In the [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]-led government between 1998 and 1999,<ref name="Rana400"/> the AIADMK shared power with the BJP but withdrew its support of 18 Lok Sabha MPs in early 1999, causing the BJP government to fall. Following this, the AIADMK once again allied with the INC in the [[1999 Indian general election|1999 general election]], and the alliance won 13 seats out of 39 in Tamil Nadu.
In the [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001 assembly election]], the AIADMK-led alliance, consisting of the [[Indian National Congress]], the [[Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)]] (TMC(M)), the [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|Left Front]], and the [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] (PMK), regained power, winning 197 seats to the AIADMK's 132.<ref name="CM">{{cite web|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/tnassembly/cmlist-1920.html|title=List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu from 1920|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130423150027/http://www.tn.gov.in/tnassembly/cmlist-1920.htm|archive-date=23 April 2013}}</ref> Due to the proceedings in a disproportionate asset case that occurred during her previous tenure, Jayalalithaa was prevented from holding office. On 21 September 2001, [[O. Panneerselvam]], a close confidant of Jayalalithaa, was appointed as the [[chief minister of Tamil Nadu]] for the first time. Once the [[Supreme Court of India]] overturned Jayalalithaa's conviction and sentence in the case, O. Panneerselvam resigned on 2 March 2002, and Jayalalithaa was again sworn in as chief minister for the third time.<ref name="CM"/>
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