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==Signs and symptoms==
Symptoms of the condition in males consist of loss of [[libido]], [[impotence]], [[infertility]], shrinkage of the [[testicle]]s, [[penis]], and [[prostate]], diminished [[virilization|masculinization]] (e.g., decreased [[facial hair|facial]] and [[body hair]] growth), low [[muscle]] mass, [[anxiety]], [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], [[vasomotor symptom]]s ([[hot flash]]es), [[insomnia]], [[headache]]s, [[cardiomyopathy]] and [[osteoporosis]]. In addition, symptoms of [[hyperestrogenism]], such as [[gynecomastia]] and [[feminization (biology)|feminization]], may be concurrently present in males.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ponholzer |first=Anton |last2=Madersbacher |first2=Stephan |date=May 2009 |title=Re: Christina Wang, Eberhard Nieschlag, Ronald Swerdloff, et al. Investigation, Treatment, and Monitoring of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in Males: ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA, and ASA Recommendations. Eur Urol 2009;55:121–30 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2008.11.053 |journal=European Urology |volume=55 |issue=5 |pages=e92 |doi=10.1016/j.eururo.2008.11.053 |issn=0302-2838}}</ref>
In males, a type of [[myopathy]] can result from androgen deficiency known as '''testosterone deficiency myopathy''' or (hypogonadotropic) hypogonadism with myopathy. Signs and symptoms include elevated serum [[Creatine kinase|CK]], symmetrical [[muscle wasting]] and [[muscle weakness]] (predominantly [[proximal]]), a burning sensation in the feet at night, [[waddling gait]], and impaired fasting glucose. [[Electromyography|EMG]] showed low volitional contraction of short duration polyphasic units. Muscle biopsy showed evidence of [[Necrosis#Other clinical classifications of necrosis|myonecrosis]] and [[Regeneration in humans|regeneration]], some fibre splitting, chronic inflammatory cells ([[macrophage]]s) infiltrating degenerating fibres, and an increase in adipose and fibrous tissue ([[fibrosis]]). A predominance of type I (slow-twitch/oxidative) [[Skeletal muscle#Fiber types|muscle fibres]], with some mixed atrophy of type II (fast-twitch/glycolytic) muscle fibres. Treatment is hormone replacement therapy of testosterone.<ref>Needham, Merrilee, and Frank Mastaglia, 'Endocrine myopathies', in David Hilton-Jones, and Martin R. Turner (eds), ''Oxford Textbook of Neuromuscular Disorders'', Ch. 38 Endocrine myopathies. Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology (Oxford, 2014; online edn, Oxford Academic, 1 May 2014), {{doi|10.1093/med/9780199698073.003.0034}}. Retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Orrell |first1=R W |last2=Woodrow |first2=D F |last3=Barrett |first3=M C |last4=Press |first4=M |last5=Dick |first5=D J |last6=Rowe |first6=R C |last7=Lane |first7=R J |date=August 1995 |title=Testosterone deficiency myopathy. |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=88 |issue=8 |pages=454–456 |issn=0141-0768 |pmc=1295300 |pmid=7562829}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Haq |first1=T. |last2=Pathan |first2=M. F. |last3=Ikhtaire |first3=S. |date=January 2016 |title=Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in a Boy with Myopathy |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26931274/ |journal=Mymensingh Medical Journal: MMJ |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=186–189 |issn=1022-4742 |pmid=26931274}}</ref>
In females, hypoandrogenism consist of loss of [[libido]], decreased [[body hair]] growth, [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], [[vasocongestion|vaginal vasocongestion]] (which can result in [[cramp]]s), [[vasomotor symptom]]s (e.g., hot flashes and [[palpitation]]s), insomnia, headaches, [[osteoporosis]] and reduced [[muscle]] mass.<ref name="pmid16821229">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jakiel G, Baran A | title = [Androgen deficiency in women] | language = pl | journal = Endokrynologia Polska | volume = 56 | issue = 6 | pages = 1016–20 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16821229 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12007907">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachmann GA | title = The hypoandrogenic woman: pathophysiologic overview | journal = Fertility and Sterility | volume = 77 | pages = S72–6 | date = April 2002 | issue = Suppl 4 | pmid = 12007907 | doi = 10.1016/S0015-0282(02)03003-0 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Bremner2003">{{cite book | first = William J. | last = Bremner | name-list-style = vanc | title = Androgens in Health and Disease |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUDc9cS50fcC&pg=PA365 | accessdate = 11 June 2012 | date = 27 May 2003 | publisher = Humana Press | isbn = 978-1-58829-029-8 | pages = 365–379}}</ref> As estrogens are synthesized from androgens, symptoms of [[hypoestrogenism]] may be present in both sexes in cases of severe androgen deficiency.
==Causes==
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