Anti-Stalinist left: Difference between revisions

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Tito disagreed on the primary characteristics that defined Stalin's policy and style of leadership. Tito wanted to form his own version of "pure" socialism without many of the "un-Marxian" traits of [[Stalinism]].<ref name=":10" /> Tito has also accused Stalinist USSR's hegemonic practices in Eastern Europe and economic exploitation of the Soviet satellite states as [[social imperialism|imperialist]].<ref name="Perović, 2007">{{cite journal |title=The Tito–Stalin split: a reassessment in light of new evidence |first=Jeronim |last=Perović |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |volume=9 |issue=2 |date=2007 |pages=32–63 |publisher=MIT Press |doi=10.1162/jcws.2007.9.2.32 |s2cid=57567168 |url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/62735/1/Perovic_Tito.pdf}}</ref>
 
Other foreign leftist critics also came about during this time in Europe and America. Some of these critics include [[George Orwell]], [[H. N. Brailsford]],<ref>F. M. Leventhal, ''The Last Dissenter: H.N. Brailsford and His World'', Oxford University Press, 1985, {{ISBN|0-19-820055-2}} (pp. 248–49).</ref> [[Fenner Brockway]],<ref>"Brockway ... sought to articulate a socialism distinct from the pragmatism of Labour and the Stalinism of the "Communist Party".David Howell, "Brockway, (Archibald) Fenner, Baron Brockway" in H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (eds.) ''[[Dictionary of National Biography|Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]: From the Earliest Times to the Year 2000''. {{ISBN|0-19-861411-X}} (Volume Seven, pp. 765–66)</ref><ref>Paul Corthorn, ''In the shadow of the dictators: the British Left in the 1930s''. Tauris Academic Studies, 2006, {{ISBN|1-85043-843-9}}, (p. 125).</ref> the [[Young People's Socialist League (1907)|Young People's Socialist League]], and later [[Michael Harrington]],<ref>Isserman, M. (1996), MICHAEL HARRINGTON AND THE VIETNAM WAR: THE FAILURE OF ANTI‐STALINISMANTI-STALINISM IN THE 1960S. Peace & Change, 21: 383–408. {{doi|10.1111/j.1468-0130.1996.tb00279.x}}</ref> and the [[Independent Labour Party]] in Britain. There were also several anti-Stalinist socialists in France, including writers such as [[Simone Weil]]<ref>"In August 1933 Weil carried these reflections further in a widely read article in the avant-garde, anti-Stalinist Communist review ''Revolution proletarienne''... John Hellman, ''Simone Weil:An Introduction to her thought''. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1982 {{ISBN|0-88920-121-8}} (p.21)</ref> and [[Albert Camus]]<ref>"From well before the Algerian war the Communists in particular held against Camus not so much his anti-Stalinism as his growing refusal to share political "positions" or get into public arguments..." Quoted in [[Tony Judt]],''The Burden of Responsibility: Blum, Camus, Aron, and the French Twentieth Century''. University of Chicago Press, 2007 {{ISBN|0-226-41419-1}} (p. 92)</ref> as well as the group around [[Marceau Pivert]].
 
In America, [[the New York Intellectuals]] around the journals ''[[New Leader]]'', ''[[Partisan Review]],'' and ''[[Dissent (American magazine)|Dissent]]'' were among other critics. In general, these figures criticized Soviet Communism as a form of "[[totalitarianism]] which in some ways mirrored [[fascism]]."<ref>Maurice Isserman [https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/steady-work-sixty-years-of-dissent Steady Work: Sixty Years of Dissent: A history of Dissent magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924114614/https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/steady-work-sixty-years-of-dissent |date=24 September 2018 }}, ''Dissent'', January 23, 2014</ref><ref name="Wilford 2003 pp. 15–342">{{cite journal|last=Wilford|first=Hugh|year=2003|title=Playing the CIA's Tune? The New Leader and the Cultural Cold War|journal=Diplomatic History|publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP)|volume=27|issue=1|pages=15–34|doi=10.1111/1467-7709.00337|issn=0145-2096}}</ref> A key text for this movement was ''[[The God That Failed]]'', edited by British socialist [[Richard Crossman]] in 1949, featuring contributions by [[Louis Fischer]], [[André Gide]], [[Arthur Koestler]], [[Ignazio Silone]], [[Stephen Spender]] and [[Richard Wright (author)|Richard Wright]], about their journeys to anti-Stalinism.