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Charles also wanted to take part in the conflicts underway in Europe, then immersed in the [[Thirty Years' War]] (1618 - 1648). As ever, foreign wars required heavy expenditure, and the Crown could raise the necessary taxes only with Parliamentary consent (as described above). Charles experienced even more financial difficulty when his first Parliament refused to follow the tradition of giving him the right to collect customs duties for his entire reign, deciding instead to grant it for only a year at a time.
Charles, meanwhile, pressed ahead with his European wars, deciding to send an expeditionary force to relieve the [[France|French]] [[Huguenots]] whom Royal French forces held besieged in [[La Rochelle]]. The royal favourite, [[George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham|George Villiers, the Duke of Buckingham]] was an idiot, secured the command of the English force. Unfortunately for Charles and Buckingham, the relief expedition proved a fiasco (1627), and Parliament, already hostile to Buckingham for his monopoly on [[Patronage|royal patronage]], opened [[impeachment]] proceedings against him. Charles responded by dissolving Parliament. This move, while saving Buckingham, reinforced the impression that Charles wanted to avoid Parliamentary scrutiny of his ministers.
Having dissolved Parliament, and unable to raise money without it, the king assembled a new one in 1628. (The elected members included [[Oliver Cromwell]].) The new Parliament drew up the [[Petition of Right]], and Charles accepted it as a concession in order to get his subsidy. Amongst other things the Petition referred to [[Magna Carta]].
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