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# '''Hemistich markers''': The ends of the hemistichs are marked and contrasted by an obligatory stress: a specific syllable position near the end of each hemistich must be filled by a stressed syllable, and this position typically differs between the first and second hemistich, so that they are audibly distinct.
# '''Marker reinforcement''': Often the syllables immediately before or after the obligatory stresses are obligatorily '''un'''stressed to further emphasize the stress.
# '''Other structure''': Further rules may be imposed, such as additional word-boundary constraints on certain [syllabic
Linguistically, the most significant exceptions to this pattern are in [[Latvian language|Latvian]], [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]], and [[Serbian language|Serbian]] verse which, instead of stress, retain the older quantitative markers; that is, they use long and short syllables at the ends of hemistichs, rather than stressed and unstressed.
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