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'''Laudanosine''' or '''''N''-methyltetrahydropapaverine''' is a recognized metabolite<ref name=Fodale>{{cite journal |author=Fodale V, Santamaria LB |title=Laudanosine, an atracurium and cisatracurium metabolite |journal=Eur J Anaesthesiol |volume=19 |issue=7 |pages=466–73 |date=July 2002 |pmid=12113608 |doi=10.1017/s0265021502000777}}</ref> of [[atracurium]] and [[cisatracurium]]. Laudanosine decreases the seizure threshold, and thus it can induce seizures if present at sufficient threshold concentrations; however such concentrations are unlikely to be produced consequent to chemodegradable metabolism of clinically administered doses of [[cisatracurium]] or [[atracurium]].
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Laudanosine also occurs naturally in minute amounts (0.1%) in [[opium]], from which it was first isolated in 1871.<ref>{{cite book |chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=KxTKLlac60wC&pg=PA55&dq=laudanosine&sig=ACfU3U2OZxmvO0Pl8Jnp8KuGXHzMllcnQA#PPA48,M1 |chapter=The Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids |author=Burger A |title=The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology |origyear=1954 |year=2005 |volume=4 |editor=Manske RHF, Holmes HL (eds.) |pages=48 |location=New York |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=0-12-469504-3}} Retrieved September 18, 2008 through [[Google Book Search]].</ref> Partial [[Dehydration reaction|dehydrogenation]] of laudanosine will lead to [[papaverine]], the alkaloid found in the opium poppy plant (''Papaver somniferum'').
Laudanosine is a [[benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline]] [[alkaloid]]. It has been shown to interact with [[GABA receptor]]s, [[glycine receptor]]s, [[opioid receptor]]s, and [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]s,<ref name=Fodale/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Katz Y, Weizman A, Pick CG, Pasternak GW, Liu L, Fonia O, Gavish M |title=Interactions between laudanosine, GABA, and opioid subtype receptors: implication for laudanosine seizure activity |journal= Brain Res |volume=646 |issue=2 |pages=235–241 |date=May 1994 |pmid=8069669 |doi=10.1016/0006-8993(94)90084-1 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author= Exley R, Iturriaga-Vásquez P, Lukas RJ, Sher E, Cassels BK, Bermudez I |title=Evaluation of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines as ligands for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |journal= Br J Pharmacol |volume=146 |issue=1 |pages=15–24 |date=Sep 2005|pmid=15980871 |doi= 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706307 |pmc= 1576253 }}</ref> but not
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Cholinergics}}
{{GABAergics}}
{{Glycinergics}}
{{Opioidergics}}
[[Category:Tetrahydroisoquinolines]]
[[Category:Natural opium alkaloids]]
[[Category:Phenol ethers]]
[[Category:Convulsants]]
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