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Divisions of the world in Islam: Difference between revisions

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'''''Dar al-Islam''''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار الإسلامالإسلام literally ''house of submission'') is a term used to refer to those lands under Muslim government(s). In the conservative tradition of [[Islam]] the world is divided into two components: '''''dar al-Islam''''', the ''house of submission'' and '''''dar al-Harb''''', the ''house of [[war]]''.
 
Dar al-Islam and its associated terms are not found in the two most basic works of Islam, the [[Qur'an]] and the [[Hadith]]. Muslim scholars maintain that the labeling of a country or place as dar al-Islam or dar al-harb revolved around the question of religious security. This means that if a Muslim practices Islam freely in his place of abode, then he will be considered as living in a dar al-Islam, even if he happens to live in a secular or non-Islamic country.
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==Dar al-Harb==
'''''Dar al-Harb''''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار الحربالحرب "house of war") is a term used to refer to those areas outside Muslim rule. The term traditionally refers to those lands administered by non-Muslim governments. The exact definitions of these territories can vary widely according to the viewer's concept of who is and is not a Muslim, and which governments are or are not Muslim in practice.
 
Dar al-Harb and its associated terms are not found in the two most basic works of Islam, the [[Qur'an]] and the [[Hadith]].
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==Dar al-'Ahd==
'''Dar al-'Ahd''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار العهدالعهد "house of truce") was invented to describe the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s relationship with its [[Christianity|Christian]] [[tributary]] states. The invention Dar al-Ahd was necessary, as the worldview prevalent at the time did not allow for a protracted peace with non-[[Muslim]] states, even those under Muslim domination.
 
Today, the term refers to those non-Muslim governments which have armistice or peace agreements with Muslim governments. The actual status of the non-Muslim country in question may vary from acknowledged equality to tributary states.
 
==Dar al-Kufr==
'''Dar al-[[Kafir|Kufr]]''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار الكفرالكفر, "house of infidels" or "domain of disbelief") is a term used by [[Muhammad]] to refer to the [[Quraish]]-dominated society of [[Mecca]] between his flight to [[Medina]] (the [[Hijra]]) and his triumphant return.
 
For much of [[Islamic history]], the preferred term used to describe non-Islamic societies has been [[#dar al-Harb|dar al-Harb]], emphasizing various Islamic countries' aspirations to conquer such territories and render them part of dar al-Islam.
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==Dar al-Dawa==
'''Dar al-Dawa''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار الدعوةالدعوة "house of invitation") is a term used to describe a region where the religion of [[Islam]] has recently been introduced. Since the population has not been exposed to Islam before, they may not fit into the traditional definition of [[#Islamic philosophy|dar al-Harb]]. On the other hand, as the region is not Muslim, it cannot be dar al-Islam either. The most frequent use of the term ''dar al-Dawa'' is to describe [[Arabia]] before and during the life of Muhammad.
 
More recently, the term ''dar al-Dawa'' has been proposed by [[Western world|Western]] Muslim philosophers to describe the status of Muslims in the West.
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==Dar al-Amn==
'''Dar al-Amn''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: داردار الأمنالأمن "house of safety") is a term proposed by [[Western world|Western]] Muslim philosophers to describe the status of Muslims in the West.
 
The term ''dar al-Amn'' may be used in conjunction with, or in opposition to, the older terms ''dar al-Islam'' and ''dar al-Harb'', from which it is derived.
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