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In 2000/2001 [[academic year]], 70% of students attended Ukrainian-language schools (that is where [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] is the primary language of instruction), while 29% were studying in [[Russian language|Russian-language]] schools. There are schools with instruction in [[Romanian language|Romanian]], [[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]], [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], and [[Polish language|Polish]] in regions populated by those groups.
Historically, the language of instruction has often changed in Ukraine. When Ukraine was part of the [[Russian Empire]], the Ukrainian language was proscribed, and Russian predominated among the elite, who had access to schools.
The initial policies of the [[Bolsheviks]] were supportive of local languages, and many Ukrainian-language schools were opened, with the long-term goal of getting rid of illiteracy. From the mid-1930s to the mid-1980s, the Soviet government policies favoured [[Russification]]. In the 1970s and 1980s, the number of Russian-language schools constantly increased at the expense of Ukrainian-language schools. After Ukraine
In universities there are similar trends. In 1991/92 [[academic year]], according to the [[Razumkov Centre]], 49% of high school students were receiving their education in Ukrainian, and 50% in Russian.
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