French units of measurement: Difference between revisions

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→‎''Mesures usuelles'' (1812–1839): Typo fixing, replaced: a many → many using AWB
→‎Revolutionary France (1795–1812): A previous editor confused centigrad (1/100 grad) and centigrade (temperature scale)
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The final value of the metre had to wait until 1799, when Delambre and Mechain presented the results of their [[History of the metre|survey between Dunkirk and Barcelona]] that fixed the length of the metre at 443.296 ''lignes''. The law 19 Frimaire An VIII (10 December 1799) defined the metre in terms of this value and the kilogram as being 18,827.15 ''grains''. These definitions enabled the construction of reference copies of the kilogram and metre, which were to be used as standards for the next 90 years.
 
At the same time, a new decimal-based system for [[angular measurement]] was implemented. The right angle was divided into 100 [[Grad (angle)|''grads'']], which in turn was divided in 100 ''centigrads''. An arc on the earth’s surface formed by an angle of one ''centigradecentigrad'' was one kilometre. The term ''centigrade'' was adopted for general use in a number of countries and, in 1948, the [[General Conference on Weights and Measures]] (CGPM) recommended that the degree centigrade (used for the measurement of temperature) be renamed the [[Celsius|degree Celsius]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.bipm.org/en/committees/cipm/cipm-1948.html
|title = CIPM, 1948 and 9th CGPM, 1948
|accessdate = 2011-02-08
|publisher = [[International Bureau of Weights and Measures]] (BIPM)}}</ref>
 
== ''Mesures usuelles'' (1812–1839)==