Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
Tom.Reding (talk | contribs) m Category:CS1 errors: deprecated parameters: migrate 2/2 |dead-url= to |url-status=; minor cleanup; WP:GenFixes on |
||
Line 6:
It is somewhat analogous to the [[Russia]]n concept of [[near abroad]] ({{lang-ru|italic=yes|ближнее зарубежье, blizhneye zarubezhye}}), which referred to Central Asian states during Soviet era rule.
The term has recently been prominent in popular media with reference to threats to US [[national security]] (including Russian [[military exercises]] and Middle Eastern [[terrorism]]) used to contrast such threats at home with those on traditional fronts in [[Europe]] or the [[Middle East]].
In a less geopolitical context, America's Backyard is also used on occasion to refer to [[national parks]] and public lands in the US, as well as the [[Heartland (United States)|American heartland]] more generally.
== Terminology ==
Line 15:
Drawing on the use of the term [[wikt:backyard|backyard]] to refer to the surrounding area or [[neighborhood]] in which one resides, "America's backyard" has been referred to as the area within which the United States, as the "homeowner", has asserted some proprietary right or sought to limit outside influence.<ref>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1080/09592290008406150
| volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 291–298 | last = Jones | first = Matthew | title = America's backyard | journal = Diplomacy & Statecraft | year = 2017}}</ref> Conversely, "America's Backyard" is referred to the area within which actions by enemy or competing powers might be feared or seen as provocative.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLH39192920080917 |title= The Russian bear in America's backyard: Bernd Debusmann |accessdate=2010-02-28 |author=Bernd Debusmann |date=2008-09-17 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> This has much in common with the Russian [[near abroad]], used primarily in reference to the former Soviet Bloc countries; "near Abroad" signified that "Russia [claimed] rights in the region that transcend traditional diplomatic conventions".<ref name=nyt>{{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C07EED81E39F931A15756C0A962958260 |title= ON LANGUAGE; The Near Abroad |accessdate=2008-04-18 |author=[[William Safire]] |date=1994-05-22 |publisher=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
There are differences between the terms, in that "near abroad" for Russia referred to countries which had previously been in political union with [[Russia]] until the fall of the [[Soviet Union]] (and after independence were initially part of the closely tied [[Commonwealth of Independent States]]), whereas the Central and South American countries considered part of America's backyard have never been politically tied to the United States (with the exception of [[Panama]]). In addition, "America's backyard" has been used in a domestic context to refer to [[national parks]] and other open land, whereas "near abroad" refers solely to foreign (though proximate) areas and cannot be used in a [[public land]] context.
Line 22:
There are other uses regarding public land and homeland security.
''[[National Geographic Channel|National Geographic]]'' also uses the term 'America's Backyard' referring to the public lands of America. For instance, national parks, forests, wildlife refuges, urban parks, and urban gardens—US public lands. Included in this mix are greenways and river ways, as well as historic landmarks and landscapes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geography-action/lands.html|title=Public Lands--America's Backyard|date=1996–2010|publisher=[[National Geographic Society]]|
The idea of America's backyard - a place of security and tranquility, unlike lines of conflict elsewhere - has been used in reference to [[Middle class#Middle America|middle America]]. For example, after the [[Oklahoma City bombing]], Americans were outspoken with their shock that this attack took place in a "Middle-American" town rather than one of America's well-known political or economical cities or abroad.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Johnson|first=David|year=1995|title=Intensive International Hunt Is On, But for Whom|journal=New York Times|page=10}}</ref> Many expressed surprise that such [[terrorism]] could happen in the very center of the United States, "deep in America's heartland."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Alter|first=Jonathan|year=1995|title=Jumping to Conclusions|journal=Newsweek|page=55}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://deflem.blogspot.com/1995/05/globalization-of-heartland-terror.html|title=The Globalization Of Heartland Terror: International Dimensions Of The Oklahoma City Bombing.|author=Deflem Mathieu|date=June 1995|publisher=[[Deflem Mathieu]]|accessdate=2010-02-27}}</ref> Furthermore, "America's Backyard" has appeared interchangeably with "heartland" in the writings of a variety of journalists, authors, war veterans and bloggers.
Line 57:
However the US' traditional role as the sole hegemonic power of the Americas has been challenged / limited by [[Cuba]] during the Cold War ([[Cuban Missile Crisis]], Fidel Castro); as well as the more recent Venezuela crisis.
=== The Middle East as a new American backyard? ===
Line 68 ⟶ 69:
==Other nations' backyards==
Both "[[wikt:backyard|backyard]]" and "[[near abroad]]" are increasingly used to refer to the immediate spheres of influence of other major powers, such as [[China]] and [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/world/asia/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15393705 |title= China in Central Asia: Riches in the near abroad |
=== China ===
Line 86 ⟶ 87:
== External links ==
* {{cite web |url=https://blogs.publico.es/dominiopublico/26389/america-latina-sigue-siendo-el-patio-trasero-de-estados-unidos/ |title=¿América Latina sigue siendo el
{{DEFAULTSORT:America's Backyard}}
| |||