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=== Early years ===
Born in [[Jarvisburg, North Carolina]], in [[Currituck County, North Carolina|Currituck County]], he was the son of Elizabeth Daley and Bannister Hardy Jarvis, a Methodist minister and farmer<ref name="docsouth">http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/jarvislet/bio.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203104038/http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/jarvislet/bio.html |date=February 3, 2018 }} Thomas Jordan Jarvis, 1836-1915. Retrieved on August 03, 2012, to 23:41pm.</ref> and brother of George, Ann, Margaret, and Elizabeth. His family was of English descent and some of its members highlighted at various points in the history of North Carolina. So, [[Thomas Jarvis]] was lieutenant governor of Albemarle during the government of [[Philip Ludwell]], between 1691–97, and General Samuel Jarvis led the militia of Albemarle during his fight in the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]]. Raised in a poor family, although he had the necessities of life, Jarvis worked when he was young in three hundred acre farm owned by his father, while he was studying about the common schools.<ref name="docsouth"/> Jarvis was educated locally and at nineteen went on to attend [[Randoph-Macon College]], earning an [[Master's degree|M.A.]] in 1861. He had to exercise as teacher during the summer to pay for college tuition.<ref name="docsouth"/> An educator by training, Jarvis opened a school in [[Pasquotank County]] and would later be one of the founders of [[East Carolina University]].
=== Career ===
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An opponent of federal [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]] policy, Jarvis was elected the third [[Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina|lieutenant governor]] in 1876 on a ticket with [[Zebulon Vance]]. In 1879, Vance resigned the governorship to serve in the [[United States Senate]], and Jarvis filled the vacant position. As governor, he fought against government corruption and attempted to cut taxes, the state's debt, and government control. He also completed the sale of various state railways to private companies. He established mental health services in Morganton and Goldsboro, managed the establishment of normal schools for teachers in North Carolina and helped develop the State Board of Health.<ref name="docsouth"/>
He won election in his own right in 1880, defeating [[Daniel G. Fowle]] for the Democratic nomination and narrowly winning over Republican challenger Ralph Buxton. In office, Jarvis convinced the legislature to authorize construction of the [[North Carolina Executive Mansion]], although it was not completed until 1891.<ref>
Term-limited, Jarvis stepped down as governor in 1885, but was appointed United States Minister to [[Brazil]] by President [[Grover Cleveland]]. Jarvis held this post for four years, after which he practiced law in [[Greenville, North Carolina]]. Following Senator Vance's death in 1894, Jarvis again succeeded him in office, serving as a U.S. Senator through an appointment by Gov. [[Elias Carr]]. In 1895, the state legislature, now under the control of Republicans and Populists, would not elect Jarvis to a term of his own.
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In 1896, Jarvis was a delegate to the [[Democratic National Convention]], where he supported [[William Jennings Bryan]] in his last major political act. He was instrumental in the founding of what is now [[East Carolina University]] in Greenville, where the oldest residential hall on campus is named in his memory.
In 1898, Jarvis helped lead the [[Wilmington insurrection of 1898]], a violent coup d'état by a group of white supremacists. They expelled opposition black and white political leaders from the city, destroyed the property and businesses of black citizens built up since the Civil War, including the only black newspaper in the city, and killed an estimated 60 to more than 300 people. <ref name=Thalian2>{{cite news|title=RACE QUESTION IN POLITICS:North Carolina White Men Seek to Wrest Control from the Negroes|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1898/10/24/archives/race-question-in-politics-north-carolina-white-men-seek-to-wrest.html|newspaper=New York Times|date=October 24, 1898|access-date=January 26, 2020|archive-date=January 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126203045/https://www.nytimes.com/1898/10/24/archives/race-question-in-politics-north-carolina-white-men-seek-to-wrest.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
Jarvis reopened his law firm and in 1912, he founded a partnership with Frank Wooten.<ref name="docsouth"/> He died in [[Greenville, North Carolina|Greenville]] in 1915.
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