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{{pp-move-dispute|small=yes}}
{{For|the metropolitan area surrounding the city of
{{Infobox public transit
| box_width = auto
| name =
| image =
| imagesize = 100px
| image2 = 81-540.2K-541.2K_Dnipro_station.jpg
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| caption2 = <div style="width:250px; margin:auto">A type 81-540.3К train at [[Dnipro (Kyiv Metro)|Dnipro station]]</div>
| native_name = {{lang|uk|Київський метрополітен}}<br />''{{lang|uk-Latn|Kyivs'kyi metropoliten}}''
| owner = [[
| locale = [[
| transit_type = [[Rapid transit]]
| lines = 3<ref name="About-metro" /><ref name="asmetro" />
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| character =
}}
The '''
==History==
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The first idea for an underground railway appeared in 1884. The project, which was given for analysis to the city council by the director of the [[Southwestern Railways|Southwestern railways]], Dmytro Andrievskiy, planned to create tunnels from [[Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi Railway Station|Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station]]. The tunnel was expected to start near [[Postal Square|Poshtova square]] and finish near [[Bessarabska Square|Bessarabka]]. A new railway station was to be built there, while the old railway station was to be converted into a freight railway station. The project was long discussed, but finally turned down by the city council.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/hist.php?lang=1 |script-title=uk:Історія|last=Dzygoon|first=Vadim|date=|website=www.metropoliten.kiev.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The history|access-date=2017-07-04}}</ref>
The story of a rapid transit system in Kyiv begins in September 1916 when businessmen of the Russo-American trading corporation attempted to collect funds to sponsor construction of a metro in
{{Quote|text=The development has been lately going in fast pace, not only when talking about population growth, but as well while talking about the development of the trade and industry businesses. The specifics of Kyiv, namely: the distance between the residential districts from the [[central business district]], an insane price of the apartments in the centre and its neighbourhoods, the elongation and hilly position of the city, a predominantly commercial habit of its inhabitants - all those factors make the question of cheap, fast and safe transportation arise. The Kyiv city tram can't answer any of the issues. The tram's drawbacks are widely known, and the reasons they appear is that, in the given conditions, the tram network development is not able to keep pace with the fast-growing city. An increase in rolling stock on the main lines may cause a slowdown in the street movement, while an increase of speed threatens the safety of people. The only way out of the situation is the transfer from on-ground trams to underground trams, starting from the main streets.|sign=The Russian-American trading corporation|source=[[Kievlyanin]], 24 Sep 1916 (O. S.)}}
Despite the arguments, the project, again, was not accepted in the city council.
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==== Line M1 (red line) ====
Until the 2000s, the line finished at "
Construction of the {{Convert|3.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} last section of today's line M1 started in fall 2000. Two stations were built: "Zhytomyrska" and "Akademmistechko", with delays, however, due to irregular financing. For the purpose of construction, [[Peremohy avenue (Kyiv)|Peremohy avenue]] was partially closed from 14 January 2001 to 25 December 2002 (with periods of full blocking of this communication artery), because the tunnels were built beneath.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/MA010827.html |script-title=uk:Розпорядження №827 від 25.04.2001, Про зміни в організації руху транспорту по проспекту Перемоги на період винесення інженерних мереж|last=|first=|date=25 Apr 2001|website=search.ligazakon.ua|language=Ukrainian|trans-title=Order nr. 821, from 25.04.2001, "On changes in road organisation on Peremohy avenue during the transportation of engineering devices"|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref> Finally, the last extension of line M1 was opened on 24 May 2003.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/118|title=Святошинсько-Броварська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен|last=|first=|date=|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=Ukrainian|trans-title=Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska line {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref>[[File:Kyiv metro history - uk.gif|left|thumb|349x349px|Timelapse of Kyiv Metro construction (in Ukrainian)]]
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Works on the construction of the southwestern segment of line M2 started in summer 2005, 21 years after the Lybid' river accident. Difficult terrain made the workers fall behind the schedule, partly because of accidents there (such as one in January 2006 on "Demiivska" station construction<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://fotki.yandex.ru/next/users/klovsky/album/62255/view/193133?page=1 |script-title=ru:Авария на "Демиевской"|last=|first=|date=28 Jan 2006|work=Яндекс.Фотки|access-date=2017-07-05|language=Russian|trans-title=Accident on "Demiivska"}}</ref>). This station, as [[Holosiivska (Kyiv Metro)|"Holosiivska"]] and [[Vasylkivska (Kyiv Metro)|"Vasylkivska"]], were opened on 15 December 2010.
The 50th station, [[Vystavkovyi Tsentr (Kyiv Metro)|"Vystavkovyi tsentr"]], was unveiled a year later, on 27 December 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ukranews.com/ua/news/2560-vidkryttya-stancii-metro-vystavkovyy-centr |script-title=uk:Відкриття станції метро "Виставковий центр"|last=|first=|date=28 Dec 2011|website=ukranews.com|language=Ukrainian|trans-title=The opening of "Vystavkovyi tsentr" metro station|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref> [[Ipodrom (Kyiv Metro)|"Ipodrom"]] followed suit on 25 October 2012. Initially, "Ipodrom" was planned to be opened together with "Teremky" station in November 2012,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/4e8182808e3fc/ |script-title=uk:Станція "Виставковий центр" запрацює 27 грудня|last=|first=|date=27 Sep 2011|work=Українська правда - Київ|access-date=2017-07-05|language=Ukrainian|trans-title="Vystavkovy tsentr" station will start function on 27 December}}</ref> but, with the lack of financing and lagging behind the schedule, only "Ipodrom" was opened by then (ahead of schedule, partly thanks to funds reallocation, and partly because of the [[2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election|2012 parliamentary elections]] due for 28 October),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/3197|title=Станція "Іподром" прийняла перший поїзд (ФОТОРЕПОРТАЖ) {{!}} Київський метрополітен|last=|first=|date=22 Oct 2012|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=Ukrainian|trans-title="Ipodrom" station accepted its first train (PHOTOS) {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref> while the "Ipodrom"-[[Teremky (Kyiv Metro)|"Teremky"]] section would wait for 2013 underground construction funds. As there was no turnaround option for trains there, a [[shuttle train]] was driving between "Vystavkovyi tsentr" and "Ipodrom" stations, until "Teremky" station was opened on 6 November 2013, to commemorate the 70th anniversary of Kyiv liberation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kiev.unian.ua/849266-u-kievi-vidkrito-novu-stantsiyu-metro-teremki.html |script-title=uk:У Києві відкрито нову станцію метро “Теремки”|last=|first=|date=6 Nov 2013|work=УНІАН|access-date=2017-07-05|language=Ukrainian|trans-title=New "Teremky" metro station opened in
=== Infrastructure modernisation in independent Ukraine ===
==== Rolling stock re-equipment ====
In the 1990s, the
The modification of [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]] (81-717.5М/714.5М) trains arrived three years later to the "Darnytsia" depot.[[File:81-7021 Kyiv Metro.jpg|thumb|A new generation (81-7021) Kyiv metro train being prepared for use in its depot.]]Another modification of the 81-717/714 series, [[c:Category:81-7021/7022|81-7021/7022]], made by [[KVBZ|Kryukiv wagon-manufacturing plant]] were first unveiled to then [[President of Ukraine]], [[Viktor Yushchenko]], while opening the "Boryspilska" station.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=http://vagon.metro.ru/passenger/81-7021.html |script-title=ru:Опытные электровагоны типов 81-7021/7022|last=|first=|date=|website=vagon.metro.ru|language=Russian|trans-title=Experienced trains of 81-7021/7022 model|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref> Five months later, a sample was sent to Darnytsia depot for trials, where an error was detected. To accept the first underground train made in Ukraine in the Kyiv Metro, further tests were conducted from 17 June 2006 in the "Obolon" depot. Finally, in July 2008, the trains were accepted by the governmental commission and were given a special license allowing them to be mass-produced. (accordance with Ukrainian technical standards).<ref name=":9" /> They started carrying passengers in 2009. 81-7021/7022 are supposed to substitute the older 81-717/714 trains, but, as of 5 July 2017, there is only one train of such a model.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/127|title=Вагони виробництва КВБЗ {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref>
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The following year, a modernisation of "Darnytsia" station was made, with the second exit towards [[Popudrenka street]] built.<ref name=":3" />
In March–May 2017, a ₴24.84M ($915.9K) refurbishment of "Livoberezhna" station was made to the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2017|second Eurovision session in
==Infrastructure==
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[[File:Kiev-metro-Khreshchatyk 01.jpg|thumb|right|[[Khreshchatyk (Kyiv Metro)|Khreshchatyk]] station's upper entrance.]]The use of [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Ukrainian language]]s in the Kyiv metro can be taken as a good illustration of the linguistic policies of the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Ukraine]].
When the Metro was opened in 1960, although many workers and all technical level documents were using Russian, nevertheless all the signs and announcements used Ukrainian exclusively. One local story suggests that [[Yivga Kuznetsova]], then a student of
During the 1980s, partly due to [[Shcherbytsky]]'s gradual [[Russification]] campaign, and partly due to Kyiv becoming increasingly [[Russophone]], the metro started to change as well. Although the stations retained their original Ukrainian titles on the vestibules, Russian appeared together with Ukrainian on the walls, and replaced Ukrainian in signs and voice announcements. Stations that were opened during this period still had Ukrainian names appearing along with Russian ones on the walls, but now all the decorations, where slogans were included, became bilingual as well. Also during this time, the unique practice of blending Ukrainian into Russian was dropped, and those selected stations were named in standard Russian translation.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}
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|Lvivska (connotation neutral)
|[[Lvivska Brama (
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| colspan="2" |''Source:'' Decision of the Kyiv council of people's deputees of the Kyiv City Governmental Administration nr. 16/116 "On the return of historical names [and] renaming of parks of culture and leisure [and] metro stations" from 2 February 1993
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{{colbegin}}
* [[List of metro systems]]
* [[Transport in
* [[Trams in
* [[
* [[Transport in Ukraine]]
* [[Kharkiv Metro]]
* [[Dnipro Metro]]
* [[Kryvyi Rih Metrotram]]
* [[
==References==
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==External links==
{{commons|
* [http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/ Kyivsky Metropoliten] — Official website {{in lang|uk}}
* [http://www.mirmetro.net/en/kyiv Kyiv]
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