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'''Cassia County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Idaho]]. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]] the county had a population of 22,952.<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16/16031.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdateaccess-date=June 28, 2014|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/601G4o4BE?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16/16031.html|archive-date=July 8, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[county seat]] and largest city is [[Burley, Idaho|Burley]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdateaccess-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedatearchive-date=May 31, 2011}}</ref>
 
Cassia County is included in the Burley, ID [[Burley, Idaho micropolitan area|Micropolitan Statistical Area]].
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William Oakley settled at the Oakley Meadows station in 1870. Cattle operations also developed starting in 1872. Settlement began at nearby Albion in 1873 with significant Mormon settlement in 1875. By 1880, Albion had a population of 257. Mormon settlement at Oakley also began on June 1, 1878 when four Mormon men each staked out 160 acres for their settlement. Settlements remained primarily agricultural with more than 38,000 head of cattle in the area by 1885. Settlement at Malta occurred prior to 1890, as the Malta precinct had 172 residents at the 1890 census.
 
Albion State Normal School was established at Albion in 1893. The school was focused on training Idaho teachers until 1951 when its programs were transferred to Idaho State College (now Idaho State University) in Pocatello.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Boothe|first1=Wayne|title=A History of the Latter-Day Saint Settlement of Oakley|date=1963|publisher=Brigham Young University|location=Provo|pages=7–8, 14–16, 22–25|url=http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5542&context=etd|accessdateaccess-date=7 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedic history of the Church of Jesus Christ of latter-day Saints|date=1941|publisher=Deseret News|location=Salt Lake City|page=10|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89067406256;view=1up;seq=22|accessdateaccess-date=February 7, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Report on the Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890|url=https://archive.org/details/reportonpopulati00unit|date=1895|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington|pages=[https://archive.org/details/reportonpopulati00unit/page/99 99]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Albion State Normal School History|url=http://albioncampusretreat.com/history.html|website=Albion Campus Retreat|accessdateaccess-date=February 7, 2017}}</ref>
 
Burley was platted and settled in 1905 after a branch of the Oregon Shortline was constructed through the town. Declo was settled under the name of Marshfield by 1909.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedic History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints|date=1941|publisher=Deseret News|location=Salt Lake City|pages=98, 176|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89067406256;view=1up;seq=188|accessdateaccess-date=February 7, 2017}}</ref>
 
Cassia County was created from [[Owyhee County, Idaho|Owyhee County]] on February 20, 1879 with Albion becoming the county seat.<ref>[http://www.state.id.us/aboutidaho/county/cassia.html Idaho.gov - Cassia County] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803142014/http://www.state.id.us/aboutidaho/county/cassia.html |date=August 3, 2009}} accessed May 29, 2009</ref> A western portion became [[Twin Falls County, Idaho|Twin Falls County]] in 1907. The county assumed its present boundaries when an eastern portion became [[Power County, Idaho|Power County]] on January 30, 1913. The county seat was moved to Burley in 1918. The county was named for Cassia Creek, which in turn was named either for John Cazier, a member of the [[Mormon Battalion]] and an emigrant train captain, or for a plant found in the area.
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===Politics===
At every level Cassia County is a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] stronghold. All county-level offices are held by Republicans and have been for decades. Republican primaries are tantamount to election to office as Democrats rarely field challenges for county or state legislative office. Cassia County is one of the most consistently Republican counties in the state and in the [[Idaho gubernatorial election, 2010|gubernatorial election of 2010]] Republican [[Butch Otter]] carried Cassia County with 76.54% to [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Keith G. Allred|Kieth Allred's]] 16.73%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/RESULTS/2010/General/cnty_Gov.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdateaccess-date=August 5, 2011|url-status=dead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712084743/http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/RESULTS/2010/General/cnty_Gov.htm |archivedatearchive-date=July 12, 2011}}</ref> In the [[2012 United States presidential election|presidential election of 2012]] [[Mitt Romney]], whose father lived for a few years in his youth in Oakley, carried Cassia County with 85.2% while [[Barack Obama]] received 13.1%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/RESULTS/2008/General/cnty_pres.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdateaccess-date=July 24, 2011|url-status=dead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712084718/http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/RESULTS/2008/General/cnty_pres.htm |archivedatearchive-date=July 12, 2011}}</ref> The last Democratic presidential candidate to carry Cassia County was [[Franklin Roosevelt]] in the [[election of 1940]] edging out [[Wendell Willkie]] by around 100 votes.
 
State legislators from Cassia County traditionally hold their seats for long periods of time. Two of the longest serving legislators in Idaho history were from Cassia County: Vard Chatburn of Albion who served in the House of Representatives from 1957 to 1986 and [[Denton Darrington]] in the Senate who served from 1982 to 2012. Because legislators rarely lose their seats, legislators representing Cassia County are often in leadership or chair committees. Since 2012, Representative Bedke has served as Speaker of the House. [[Bruce Newcomb]] of Burley also served as Speaker from 1998 to 2006.
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==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|2580|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|2565|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|15|sqmi}} (0.6%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdateaccess-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> The county's highest point is [[Cache Peak (Idaho)|Cache Peak]] at an [[elevation]] of {{convert|10339|ft|m}} [[AMSL|above sea level]] in the [[Albion Mountains]], and the lowest is [[Milner Dam|Milner Lake]], a [[reservoir]] on the [[Snake River]], at {{convert|4134|ft|m}}.
 
The northern half of the county is part of the [[Magic Valley]] region of the [[Snake River Plain]], and numerous mountain ranges extend north from the southern boundary and diminish as they approach the river, which flows from east to west.
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|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdateaccess-date=June 28, 2014}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdateaccess-date=June 28, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/id190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdateaccess-date=June 28, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdateaccess-date=June 28, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2018<ref name="QF"/> 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/ID/PST045218|title=QuickFacts. Idaho counties|accessdateaccess-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref>
}}
 
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdateaccess-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 21,416 people, 7,060 households, and 5,485 families living in the county. The [[population density]] was 8 people per square mile (3/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 7,862 housing units at an average density of 3 per square&nbsp;mile (1/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the county was 84.69% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 0.17% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.80% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.37% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 12.06% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.87% from two or more races. 18.74% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. 23.1% were of [[English Americans|English]], 13.8% [[American ancestry|American]] and 12.9% [[German Americans|German]] ancestry.
 
There were 7,060 households, out of which 42.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.20% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.30% were non-families. 19.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.46.
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|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US16031
|title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data
|accessdateaccess-date=January 9, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213012706/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US16031
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}}</ref> The population density was {{convert|8.9|PD/sqmi}}. There were 8,372 housing units at an average density of {{convert|3.3|/sqmi}}.<ref name="census-density">{{cite web
|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US16031
|accessdateaccess-date=January 9, 2016
|title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
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|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US16031
|title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
|accessdateaccess-date=January 9, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213023303/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US16031
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|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US16031
|title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
|accessdateaccess-date=January 9, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213025754/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US16031
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