In the early editions of the Modern Olympic Games, individuals from different nations were allowed to compete as a team. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) grouped their results together under the mixed team designation.[1]
Mixed team at the Olympics | |
---|---|
![]() | |
IOC code | ZZX |
NOC | Mixed team |
Medals |
|
Summer appearances | |
Other related appearances | |
1906 Intercalated Games |
Until 2024, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) considered all teams in which athletes from different countries competed in the early Modern Olympic Games as mixed teams and used the IOC code ZZX to designate such teams. A total of 25 medals were awarded to the mixed teams in the first three Summer Olympic Games, from 1896 to 1904 and a single medal was awarded in the 1924 Winter Olympic Games.
In 2024, the IOC changed the definition of such mixed teams. It reallocated medals won by a team, which had represented a club of a particular country at the Olympics to the corresponding country, even if the team included foreign athletes. Only medals won by those teams in which athletes from different countries participated together only for the duration of the Olympics and did not belong to a single club of any country are currently designated under mixed teams. The IOC uses a new IOC code XXB to designate mixed teams under the new criteria. As per the revised definition, a total of ten medals are listed as won by mixed teams.[2][3]
Medal table
editMedals by Games
editGames | Medallists | Land | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1896 Athens | 4 | Australien (1) Deutschland (1) Great Britain (2) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 11[4] |
1900 Paris | 18 | Bohemia (1) Dänemark (3) Frankreich (2) Great Britain (3) Mexiko (3) Schweden (3) Vereinigte Staaten (3) |
1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 10[5] |
1904 St. Louis | 3 | Cuba (2) Vereinigte Staaten (1) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11[6] |
1924 Chamonix | 21 | Great Britain (13) Indien (7) Nepal (1) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8[7] |
Total | 46 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 10 |
Medals by sport
editSport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tennis | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
Tug of war | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Alpinism | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Polo | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Fencing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Total | 4 | 2 | 4 | 10 |
Medalists
editMedals by nation combination
editNations | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cuba Vereinigte Staaten |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Dänemark Schweden |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Deutschland Great Britain |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Great Britain Indien Nepal |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Frankreich Great Britain |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Frankreich Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Australien Great Britain |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Bohemia Great Britain |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Great Britain Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Mexiko Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Total | 4 | 2 | 4 | 10 |
Medal table (pre-2024)
editMedals by Games
editGames | Medalists | Land | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total medals | Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1896 Athens | 4 | Australien (1) Deutschland (1) Great Britain (2) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 11[4] |
1900 Paris | 100 | Australien (1) Belgien (9) Bohemia (1) Kolumbien (1) Dänemark (3) Frankreich (35) Great Britain (31) Haiti (1) Mexiko (3) Niederlande (4) Neuseeland (1) Schweden (3) Vereinigte Staaten (7) |
8 | 5 | 6 | 19 | 4[5] |
1904 St. Louis | 19 | Österreich (1) Cuba (2) Frankreich (1) Deutschland (1) Vereinigte Staaten (14) |
2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6[6] |
1924 Chamonix | 21 | Great Britain (13) Indien (7) Nepal (1) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8[7] |
Total | 144 | 12 | 6 | 8 | 26 | 55 |
Redistribution of medals in 2024
editTeam | Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mixed team | 1900 Paris | -7 | -3 | -3 | -13 |
Frankreich | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 | |
Great Britain | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | |
Niederlande | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Belgien | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Mixed team | 1904 St. Louis | -1 | -1 | -1 | -3 |
Vereinigte Staaten | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Medals by sport
editSport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tug of war | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Sailing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Tennis | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
Polo | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
Athletics | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Water polo | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Fencing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Rowing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Rugby | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Gymnastics | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Alpinism | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cricket | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Football | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Total | 11 | 6 | 8 | 26 |
List of medalists
editThe below table list only the medalists, whose medals were reclassified in 2024 by the IOC.
Medals by nation combination
editNations | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Frankreich Great Britain |
2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
Australien Great Britain |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Great Britain Vereinigte Staaten |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Cuba Vereinigte Staaten |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Dänemark Schweden |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Frankreich Niederlande |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Deutschland Great Britain |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Frankreich Haiti |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Great Britain Neuseeland |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Österreich Vereinigte Staaten |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Frankreich Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Frankreich Kolumbien |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Great Britain Frankreich Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Bohemia Great Britain |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Mexiko Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Deutschland Vereinigte Staaten |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Great Britain Belgien Niederlande |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Total | 11 | 6 | 8 | 25 |
See also
edit- Australasia at the Olympics, a combined team consisting of Australian and New Zealand competitors, which competed at the 1908 and 1912 Olympic Games
- Unified Team at the Olympics, a combined team consisting of competitors from post-Soviet states, which competed at the 1992 Winter and Summer Olympics
- Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games
- Refugee Olympic Team at the Olympic Games
- Mixed-NOCs at the Youth Olympics
References
edit- ^ Horne, J.; Whannel, G. (2016). Understanding the Olympics. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-41555-836-5.
- ^ "Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics. Archived from the original on 2024-09-03. Retrieved 2024-09-03.
- ^ "Mixed team at the Olympics". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Athens 1896 Olympic Medal Table". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Paris 1900 Olympic Results". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ a b "St. Louis 1904 Olympic Results". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Chamonix 1924 Olympic Medal table". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Paris 1900 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "St. Louis 1904 foil team men Results - Olympic fencing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Alpinism at the Olympics - 1924". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Paris 1900 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ a b c "Paris 1900 mixed doubles mixed Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Paris 1900 polo men Results - Olympic polo". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 rugby men Results - Olympic rugby". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 2-3t mixed Results - Olympic sailing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 2-3 Ton Race Two Open Results - Olympic sailing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 pair-oared shell with coxswain men Results - Olympic rowing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 5000m team men Results - Olympic athletics". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ a b "Paris 1900 water polo men Results - Olympic water-polo". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "St. Louis 1904 Team All-Around, Apparatus Work and Field Sports Men Results - Olympic gymnastics-artistic". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "William Attrill". Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
- ^ "H. F. Roques". Archived from the original on 2017-07-26. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
- ^ "Philip Tomalin". Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
- ^ "Paris 1900 cricket men Results - Olympic cricket". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 21 November 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "St. Louis 1904 4miles team men Results - Olympic athletics". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Paris 1900 football men Results - Olympic football". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "St. Louis 1904 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
External links
edit- "Olympic Results". International Olympic Committee.
- "Mixed team". Olympedia.com.
- "Olympic Analytics/ZZX". olympanalyt.com.