Wikipedia

Mixed teams at the Olympics

This article is about early modern Olympics. For modern Olympics independent participants grouped under the Olympic flag, see Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games and Refugee Olympic Team at the Olympic Games.
Not to be confused with Mixed-NOCs at the Youth Olympics.

In the early editions of the Modern Olympic Games, individuals from different nations were allowed to compete as a team. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) grouped their results together under the mixed team designation.[1]

Mixed team at the
Olympics
IOC codeZZX
NOCMixed team
Medals
Gold
4
Silver
2
Bronze
4
Total
10
Summer appearances
Other related appearances
1906 Intercalated Games

Until 2024, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) considered all teams in which athletes from different countries competed in the early Modern Olympic Games as mixed teams and used the IOC code ZZX to designate such teams. A total of 25 medals were awarded to the mixed teams in the first three Summer Olympic Games, from 1896 to 1904 and a single medal was awarded in the 1924 Winter Olympic Games.

In 2024, the IOC changed the definition of such mixed teams. It reallocated medals won by a team, which had represented a club of a particular country at the Olympics to the corresponding country, even if the team included foreign athletes. Only medals won by those teams in which athletes from different countries participated together only for the duration of the Olympics and did not belong to a single club of any country are currently designated under mixed teams. The IOC uses a new IOC code XXB to designate mixed teams under the new criteria. As per the revised definition, a total of ten medals are listed as won by mixed teams.[2][3]

Medal table

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See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table

Medals by Games

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Games Medallists Land Gold Silver Bronze Total Rank
1896 Athens 4   Australien (1)
  Deutschland (1)
  Great Britain (2)		 1 0 1 2 11[4]
1900 Paris 18   Bohemia (1)
  Dänemark (3)
  Frankreich (2)
  Great Britain (3)
  Mexiko (3)
  Schweden (3)
  Vereinigte Staaten (3)		 1 2 3 6 10[5]
1904 St. Louis 3   Cuba (2)
  Vereinigte Staaten (1)		 1 0 0 1 11[6]
1924 Chamonix 21   Great Britain (13)
  Indien (7)
  Nepal (1)		 1 0 0 1 8[7]
Total 46 4 2 4 10

Medals by sport

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Sport Gold Silver Bronze Total
  Tennis 1 2 3 6
  Tug of war 1 0 0 1
  Alpinism 1 0 0 1
  Polo 0 0 1 1
  Fencing 1 0 0 1
Total 4 2 4 10

Medalists

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Medal Games Sport Event Medalists Reference
  Gold 1896 Athens Tennis Men's doubles John Boland (GBR),
Fritz Traun (GER) 		[8]
  Gold 1900 Paris Tug of War Men's Team

Edgar Aabye (DEN),
Eugen Schmidt (DEN),
Charles Winckler (DEN),
August Nilsson (SWE),
Gustaf Söderström (SWE),
Karl Staaf (SWE)

[9]
  Gold 1904 St. Louis Fencing Foil Team men Ramón Fonst (CUB),
Manuel Díaz (CUB),
Albertson Van Zo Post (USA) 		[10]
  Gold 1924 Chamonix Alpinism Men's team 1922 British Mount Everest expedition team [11]
  Silver 1900 Paris Tennis Men's doubles Max Decugis (FRA),
Basil Spalding de Garmendia (USA) 		[12]
  Silver 1900 Paris Tennis Mixed doubles Yvonne Prévost (FRA),
Harold Mahony (GBR) 		[13]
  Bronze 1896 Athens Tennis Men's doubles Edwin Flack (AUS),
George Stuart Robertson (GBR) 		[8]
  Bronze 1900 Paris Polo Men's team Eustaquio de Escandón (MEX),

Manuel de Escandón (MEX),
Pablo de Escandón (MEX),
Guillermo Hayden Wright (USA)

[14]
  Bronze 1900 Paris Tennis Mixed doubles Marion Jones Farquhar (USA),
Laurence Doherty (GBR) 		[13]
  Bronze 1900 Paris Tennis Mixed doubles Hedwiga Rosenbaumová (BOH),
Archibald Warden (GBR) 		[13]

Medals by nation combination

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Nations Gold Silver Bronze Total
  Cuba
  Vereinigte Staaten		 1 0 0 1
  Dänemark
  Schweden		 1 0 0 1
  Deutschland
  Great Britain		 1 0 0 1
  Great Britain
  Indien
  Nepal		 1 0 0 1
  Frankreich
  Great Britain		 0 1 0 1
  Frankreich
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 1 0 1
  Australien
  Great Britain		 0 0 1 1
  Bohemia
  Great Britain		 0 0 1 1
  Great Britain
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 0 1 1
  Mexiko
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 0 1 1
Total 4 2 4 10

Medal table (pre-2024)

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Medals by Games

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Games Medalists Land Gold Silver Bronze Total medals Rank
1896 Athens 4   Australien (1)
  Deutschland (1)
  Great Britain (2)		 1 0 1 2 11[4]
1900 Paris 100   Australien (1)
  Belgien (9)
  Bohemia (1)
  Kolumbien (1)
  Dänemark (3)
  Frankreich (35)
  Great Britain (31)
  Haiti (1)
  Mexiko (3)
  Niederlande (4)
  Neuseeland (1)
  Schweden (3)
  Vereinigte Staaten (7)		 8 5 6 19 4[5]
1904 St. Louis 19   Österreich (1)
  Cuba (2)
  Frankreich (1)
  Deutschland (1)
  Vereinigte Staaten (14)		 2 1 1 4 6[6]
1924 Chamonix 21   Great Britain (13)
  Indien (7)
  Nepal (1)		 1 0 0 1 8[7]
Total 144 12 6 8 26 55

Redistribution of medals in 2024

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Team Games Gold Silver Bronze Total
Mixed team 1900 Paris -7 -3 -3 -13
Frankreich 3 2 2 7
Great Britain 3 1 0 4
Niederlande 1 0 0 1
Belgien 0 0 1 1
Mixed team 1904 St. Louis -1 -1 -1 -3
Vereinigte Staaten 1 1 1 3

Medals by sport

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François Brandt (left) and Roelof Klein of Netherlands with their coxswain, an unknown French boy, at the 1900 Olympics
Sport Gold Silver Bronze Total
  Tug of war 1 1 1 3
  Sailing 2 0 0 2
  Tennis 1 2 3 6
  Polo 1 1 2 4
  Athletics 1 1 0 2
  Water polo 1 0 1 2
  Fencing 1 0 0 1
  Rowing 1 0 0 1
  Rugby 1 0 0 1
  Gymnastics 1 0 0 1
  Alpinism 1 0 0 1
  Cricket 0 1 0 1
  Football 0 0 1 1
Total 11 6 8 26

List of medalists

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The below table list only the medalists, whose medals were reclassified in 2024 by the IOC.

Medal Name Games Sport Event Medalists Reference
  Gold Great Britain 1900 Paris Polo Men's team Foxhunters Hurlingham

GBR: John Beresford, Denis St. George Daly, Alfred Rawlinson;
USA: Foxhall Parker Keene, Frank MacKey

[14]
  Gold Frankreich 1900 Paris Rugby Men's team France national rugby team

FRA: A. Albert, Jean Collas, Charles Gondouin, Wladimir Aïtoff, Léon Binoche, Jean-Guy Gauthier, Auguste Giroux, Jean Hervé, Victor Larchandet, Hubert Lefèbvre, Joseph Olivier, Alexandre Pharamond, Frantz Reichel, André Rischmann, Emile Sarrade;
USA: André Roosevelt;
HAI: Constantin Henriquez

[15]
  Gold Frankreich 1900 Paris Sailing 2 - 3 Ton Race One William Exshaw (GBR), Frédéric Blanchy (FRA), Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA) [16]
  Gold Frankreich 1900 Paris Sailing 2 - 3 Ton Race Two William Exshaw (GBR), Frédéric Blanchy (FRA), Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA) [17]
  Gold Niederlande 1900 Paris Rowing Rowing pair-oared shell with coxswain men François Brandt (NED), Roelof Klein (NED), Hermanus Brockmann (NED), Unknown boy (FRA) [18]
  Gold Great Britain 1900 Paris Athletics 5000m team men Stan Rowley (AUS), Alfred Tysoe (GBR), Sidney Robinson (GBR), John Rimmer (GBR), Charles Bennett (GBR) [19]
  Gold Great Britain 1900 Paris Water Polo Men's team Osborne Swimming Club of Manchester

GBR: Thomas Coe, Robert Crawshaw, William Henry, John Arthur Jarvis, Peter Kemp, Frederick Stapleton;
NZL: Victor Lindberg

[20]
  Gold Vereinigte Staaten 1904 St. Louis Gymnastics Artistic Team All-Around, Apparatus Work and Field Sports Men Philadelphia Turngemeinde

USA: John Grieb, Anton Heida, Max Hess, Philip Kassel, Ernst Reckeweg;
AUT: Julius Lenhart

[21]
  Silver Great Britain 1900 Paris Polo Men's team BLO Polo Club Rugby

GBR: Walter Buckmaster, Frederick Freake;
USA: Walter McCreery;
FRA: Jean de Madre

[14]
  Silver Frankreich 1900 Paris Cricket Men's team French Athletic Club Union

FRA: William Attrill,[22] F. Roques,[23] Philip Tomalin;[24]
GBR: William Anderson, John Braid, W. Browning, Robert Horne, Timothée Jordan, Arthur MacEvoy, Douglas Robinson, A. J. Schneidau, Henry Terry

[25]
  Silver Frankreich 1900 Paris Tug of War Men's team Racing Club de France

FRA: Raymond Basset, Jean Collas, Charles Gondouin, Joseph Roffo, Émile Sarrade;
COL: Francisco Henríquez de Zubiría

[9]
  Silver Vereinigte Staaten 1904 St. Louis Athletics 4 miles team men Chicago Athletic Association

USA: James Lightbody, William Frank Verner, Lacey Hearn, Sidney Hatch;
FRA: Albert Corey

[26]
  Bronze Frankreich 1900 Paris Polo Men's team Bagatelle Polo Club de Paris

FRA: Robert Fournier-Sarlovèze, Maurice Raoul-Duval, Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild;
GBR: Frederick Agnew Gill

[14]
  Bronze Belgien 1900 Paris Football Men's team

Université de Bruxelles
BEL: Marius Delbecque, Raul Kelecom, Marcel Leboutte, Lucien Londot, Ernest Moreau de Melen, Eugène Neefs, Gustave Pelgrims, Alphonse Renier, Hilaire Spanoghe;
NED: Hendrik van Heuckelum;
GBR: Eric Thornton

[27]
  Bronze Frankreich 1900 Paris Water Polo Men's team Libellule de Paris

FRA: Jules Clévenot / Devenot, Alphonse Decuyper, Louis Laufray, Henri Peslier, Paul Vasseur, Auguste Pesloy;
GBR: Bill Burgess

[20]
  Bronze Vereinigte Staaten 1904 St. Louis Tug of War Men's team Southwest Turnverein of St. Louis No. 2

USA: Oscar Friede, Charles Harberkorn, Harry Jacobs, Charles Thias;
GER: Frank Kugler

[28]

Medals by nation combination

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Nations Gold Silver Bronze Total
  Frankreich
  Great Britain		 2 2 2 6
  Australien
  Great Britain		 1 0 1 2
  Great Britain
  Vereinigte Staaten		 1 0 1 2
  Cuba
  Vereinigte Staaten		 1 0 0 1
  Dänemark
  Schweden		 1 0 0 1
  Frankreich
  Niederlande		 1 0 0 1
  Deutschland
  Great Britain		 1 0 0 1
  Frankreich
  Haiti		 1 0 0 1
  Great Britain
  Neuseeland		 1 0 0 1
  Österreich
  Vereinigte Staaten		 1 0 0 1
  Frankreich
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 2 0 2
  Frankreich
  Kolumbien		 0 1 0 1
  Great Britain
  Frankreich
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 1 0 1
  Bohemia
  Great Britain		 0 0 1 1
  Mexiko
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 0 1 1
  Deutschland
  Vereinigte Staaten		 0 0 1 1
  Great Britain
  Belgien
  Niederlande		 0 0 1 1
Total 11 6 8 25

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Horne, J.; Whannel, G. (2016). Understanding the Olympics. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-41555-836-5.
  2. ^ "Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics. Archived from the original on 2024-09-03. Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  3. ^ "Mixed team at the Olympics". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Athens 1896 Olympic Medal Table". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Paris 1900 Olympic Results". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  6. ^ a b "St. Louis 1904 Olympic Results". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Chamonix 1924 Olympic Medal table". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  8. ^ a b "Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  9. ^ a b "Paris 1900 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  10. ^ "St. Louis 1904 foil team men Results - Olympic fencing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Alpinism at the Olympics - 1924". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  12. ^ "Paris 1900 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  13. ^ a b c "Paris 1900 mixed doubles mixed Results - Olympic tennis". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  14. ^ a b c d "Paris 1900 polo men Results - Olympic polo". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  15. ^ "Paris 1900 rugby men Results - Olympic rugby". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  16. ^ "Paris 1900 2-3t mixed Results - Olympic sailing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  17. ^ "Paris 1900 2-3 Ton Race Two Open Results - Olympic sailing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  18. ^ "Paris 1900 pair-oared shell with coxswain men Results - Olympic rowing". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  19. ^ "Paris 1900 5000m team men Results - Olympic athletics". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  20. ^ a b "Paris 1900 water polo men Results - Olympic water-polo". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  21. ^ "St. Louis 1904 Team All-Around, Apparatus Work and Field Sports Men Results - Olympic gymnastics-artistic". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  22. ^ "William Attrill". Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
  23. ^ "H. F. Roques". Archived from the original on 2017-07-26. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
  24. ^ "Philip Tomalin". Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
  25. ^ "Paris 1900 cricket men Results - Olympic cricket". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 21 November 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  26. ^ "St. Louis 1904 4miles team men Results - Olympic athletics". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  27. ^ "Paris 1900 football men Results - Olympic football". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  28. ^ "St. Louis 1904 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war". Olympics.com. Archived from the original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
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