Encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Various types of encephalomyelitis include:
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by viral infection.[1][2]
- Encephalomyelitis disseminata, a synonym for multiple sclerosis.
- AntiMOG associated encephalomyelitis, one of the underlying conditions for the phenotype neuromyelitis optica[3][4] and in general all the spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases.[5]
- Equine encephalomyelitis[disambiguation needed], also called equine encephalitis[disambiguation needed], a potentially fatal mosquito-borne viral disease that infects horses and humans.
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis, a disease involving presumed inflammation of the central nervous system with symptoms of muscle pain and fatigue; the term has sometimes been used interchangeably with chronic fatigue syndrome, though there is still controversy over the distinction.[6]
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation.
- Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) – A kind of stiff person syndrome.
- AIDS related encephalomyelitis, caused by opportunistic Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) infection.[7]
| Encephalomyelitis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurology  |
References
- ^ Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis at NIH's Office of Rare Diseases
- ^ Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Information Page at NINDS
- ^ Pröbstel AK et al. Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of patients with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype. J Neuroinflammation. 2015 Mar 8;12(1):46.
- ^ Melania Spadaro et al. Histopathology and clinical course of MOG-antibody-associated encephalomyelitis. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology Volume 2, Issue 3, pages 295–301, March 2015 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.164
- ^ Reindl M, Di Pauli F, Rostásy K, Berger T. The spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013 Aug;9(8):455-61. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.118. Epub 2013 Jun 25. PMID 23797245
- ^ Myalgic encephalomyelitis at NIH's Office of Rare Diseases
- ^ S. M. de la Monte, MD, MPH, D. D. Ho, MD, R. T. Schooley, MD, M. S. Hirsch, MD and E. P. Richardson Jr., MD Subacute encephalomyelitis of AIDS and its relation to HTLV‐III infection Neurology April 1987 vol. 37 no. 4 562 doi: 10.1212/WNL.37.4.562