Borromean rings: Difference between revisions

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In [[mathematics]], the '''Borromean rings'''{{efn|Named after the [[:File:Coat of arms of the House of Borromeo.svg|coat of arms of the Borromeo family]] in 15th-century [[Lombardy]].}} consist of three [[topological]] [[circle]]s which are [[link (knot theory)|linked]] but where removing any one ring leaves the other two unconnected. In other words, no two of the three rings are linked with each other as a [[Hopf link]], but nonetheless all three are linked. The Borommean rings are one of a class of such links called [[Brunnian link]]<nowiki/>s.
 
 
 
<nowiki/>[[File:Borromean rings.webm|thumb|Borromean rings]]
 
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The Borromean rings are a [[hyperbolic link]]: the complement of the Borromean rings in the 3-sphere admits a complete [[Hyperbolic 3-manifold|hyperbolic]] metric of finite volume. The canonical (Epstein-Penner) polyhedral decomposition of the complement consists of two [[regular polyhedron|regular]] [[ideal polyhedron|ideal]] [[octahedron|octahedra]]. The [[hyperbolic volume (knot)|volume]] is 16Л(π/4) = 7.32772… where Л is the [[Lobachevsky function]].<ref>{{Citation |author=William Thurston|authorlink=William Thurston |date=March 2002 |title=The Geometry and Topology of Three-Manifolds |url=http://library.msri.org/books/gt3m/ |chapter=7. Computation of volume |chapterurl=http://library.msri.org/books/gt3m/PDF/7.pdf |page=165}}</ref>
 
==Name and history==
==History==
[[File:Sacrificial scene on Hammars - Valknut.png|thumb|left|upright|{{lang|non|[[Valknut]]}} on [[Stora Hammars stones|Stora Hammars I stone]]]]