πάθος

See also: παθός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From παθ- (path-), zero-grade of the root of πᾰ́σχω (páskhō, “I feel, suffer”). Compare the aorist ἔπαθον (épathon). Related to πένθος (pénthos), as βάθος (báthos) is related to βένθος (bénthos).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pá.tʰos/ → /ˈpa.θos/ → /ˈpa.θos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pá.tʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.θos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.θos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.θos/

Nomen

πᾰ́θος • (páthos) n (genitive πᾰ́θους or πᾰ́θεος); third declension

1. pain, suffering, death
2. misfortune, calamity, disaster, misery
3. any strong feeling, passion, emotion
4. condition, state
5. incident
6. modification of words

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ πᾰ́θος; τοῦ πᾰ́θους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ páthei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tà páthē
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰ́θους toû páthous	τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn pathoîn	τῶν πᾰθῶν tôn pathôn
Dative	τῷ πᾰ́θει tôi páthei	τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn pathoîn	τοῖς πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîs páthesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ páthei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tà páthē
Vocative	πᾰ́θος páthos	πᾰ́θει páthei	πᾰ́θη páthē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ πᾰ́θος; τοῦ πᾰ́θους (Old Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ páthei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tà páthē
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰ́θους toû páthous	τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn pathoîn	τῶν πᾰθῶν tôn pathôn
Dative	τῷ πᾰ́θει tôi páthei	τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn pathoîn	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîsi(n) páthesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ páthei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tà páthē
Vocative	πᾰ́θος páthos	πᾰ́θει páthei	πᾰ́θη páthē
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of τὸ πᾰ́θος; τοῦ πᾰ́θεος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε tṑ páthei / páthee	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θεᾰ tà páthea
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰ́θεος / πᾰ́θευς toû pátheos / pátheus	τοῖν πᾰθέοιν toîn pathéoin	τῶν πᾰθέων tôn pathéōn
Dative	τῷ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεῐ̈ tôi páthei / pátheï	τοῖν πᾰθέοιν toîn pathéoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîsi(n) páthesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πᾰ́θος tò páthos	τὼ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε tṑ páthei / páthee	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θεᾰ tà páthea
Vocative	πᾰ́θος páthos	πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε páthei / páthee	πᾰ́θεᾰ páthea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

• → English: pathos
• → French: pathos
• Greek: πάθος (páthos)
• → Russian: па́фос (páfos)
• → Ukrainian: па́тос (pátos), па́фос (páfos)

Further reading

• “πάθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πάθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πάθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G3806 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • adventure idem, page 14.
  • adversity idem, page 15.
  • affection idem, page 16.
  • calamity idem, page 108.
  • casualty idem, page 117.
  • catastrophe idem, page 118.
  • check idem, page 128.
  • condition idem, page 157.
  • disaster idem, page 228.
  • emotion idem, page 268.
  • evil idem, page 286.
  • fatality idem, page 309.
  • fate idem, page 309.
  • feeling idem, page 313.
  • ill idem, page 414.
  • incident idem, page 428.
  • mischance idem, page 533.
  • misfortune idem, page 534.
  • occurrence idem, page 569.
  • passion idem, page 597.
  • pathos idem, page 598.
  • phase idem, page 610.
  • phenomenon idem, page 610.
  • property idem, page 653.
  • quality idem, page 663.
  • sensation idem, page 752.
  • sensibility idem, page 753.
  • state idem, page 812.
  • tragedy idem, page 886.
  • unhappiness idem, page 920.
  • woe idem, page 986.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.θo̞s/
• Hyphenation: πά‧θος

Nomen

πάθος • (páthos) n (plural πάθη)

1. pathos
2. empathy
3. disease, misfortune, suffering, loss, grief
4. passion, affection
5. animosity
6. grudge
7. occurrence, accident

Declension

Declension of πάθος

	singular	plural
nominative	πάθος •	πάθη •
genitive	πάθους •	παθών •
accusative	πάθος •	πάθη •
vocative	πάθος •	πάθη •

Derived terms

• παθαίνω (pathaíno, “to suffer”)
• -πάθεια f (-pátheia, “disease suffix”)
• πάθημα n (páthima, “misfortune, mishap”)
• παθητική (pathitikí)
• παθητικός (pathitikós, “passive”, adjective)
• παθιάζομαι (pathiázomai, “to become passionate”)
• παθιάζω (pathiázo)
• παθιασμένος (pathiasménos, “impassioned”)
• πάσχω (páscho, “to suffer from”)