बृहत्
See also: बहुत
Hindi
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit बृहत् (bṛhat). Doublet of बुलंद (buland).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editबृहत् • (bŕhat) (indeclinable)
- (literary, in compounds) large, great, big; mighty, strong
- 2006, Harendra Prasad Sinha, भारतीय दर्शन की रूपरेखा [Outline of Indian Philosophy][1], Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 155, →ISBN:
- शरीर के आकार में अन्तर होने के कारण आत्मा के भी भिन्न-भिन्न आकार हो जाते हैं। हाथी में निवास करने वाली आत्मा का रूप बृहत् है।
- śarīr ke ākār mẽ antar hone ke kāraṇ ātmā ke bhī bhinn-bhinn ākār ho jāte ha͠i. hāthī mẽ nivās karne vālī ātmā kā rūp bŕhat hai.
- Due to the difference in the size of the body, the soul also has varying shapes. The form of the soul residing in the elephant is large.
References
edit- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “बृहत्”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3542
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “बृहत्”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 744
Sanskrit
editAlternative forms
edit- वृहत् (vṛhat) — later variant
Alternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- বৃহত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬩᬺᬳᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- বৃহত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰤𑰴𑰮𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဗၖဟတ် (Burmese script)
- બૃહત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਬ੍ਰਹਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌬𑍃𑌹𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦧꦽꦲꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂥𑃂𑂯𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಬೃಹತ್ (Kannada script)
- ព្ឫហត៑ (Khmer script)
- ພ຺ຣິຫຕ຺ (Lao script)
- ബൃഹത് (Malayalam script)
- ᠪᡵᡳᡥᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘤𑘵𑘮𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠷᠢᠾᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧄𑧖𑧎𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐧𑐺𑐴𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ବୃହତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢨꢺꢲꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆧𑆸𑆲𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖤𑖴𑖮𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- බෘහත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩲𑩙𑪂𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚠𑚩𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- ப்³ரிஹத் (Tamil script)
- బృహత్ (Telugu script)
- พฺฤหตฺ (Thai script)
- བྲྀ་ཧ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨠𑨼𑨉𑨱𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰáns, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, lofty”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬙 (bərəzaṇt), Persian بلند (boland). The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to be thick, grow great or strong, increase, expand”) .
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editबृहत् • (bṛhát) stem
- large, great, big, bulky, lofty; long, tall; mighty, strong
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.52.9:
- बृ॒हत्स्व श्च॑न्द्र॒मम॑व॒द्यदु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मकृ॑ण्वत भि॒यसा॒ रोह॑णं दि॒वः।
यन्मानु॑षप्रधना॒ इन्द्र॑मू॒तय॒: स्व॑र्नृ॒षाचो॑ म॒रुतोऽम॑द॒न्ननु॑॥- bṛhátsvá ścandramámavadyádukthyàmákṛṇvata bhiyásā róhaṇaṃ diváḥ.
yánmā́nuṣapradhanā índramūtáya: svàrnṛṣā́co marútóʼmadannánu. - In fear they raised the lofty self-resplendent hymn, praise giving and effectual, leading up to heaven.
When Indra's helpers fighting for the good of men, the Maruts, faithful to mankind, joyed in the light.
- bṛhátsvá ścandramámavadyádukthyàmákṛṇvata bhiyásā róhaṇaṃ diváḥ.
- बृ॒हत्स्व श्च॑न्द्र॒मम॑व॒द्यदु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मकृ॑ण्वत भि॒यसा॒ रोह॑णं दि॒वः।
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.27.7:
- पिप॑र्तु नो॒ अदि॑ती॒ राज॑पु॒त्राति॒ द्वेषां॑स्यर्य॒मा सु॒गेभि॑:।
बृ॒हन्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ शर्मोप॑ स्याम पुरु॒वीरा॒ अरि॑ष्टाः॥- pípartu no áditī rā́japutrā́ti dvéṣāṃsyaryamā́ sugébhi:.
bṛhánmitrásya váruṇasya śármópa syāma puruvī́rā áriṣṭāḥ. - Mother of Kings, may Aditi transport us, by fair paths Aryaman, beyond all hatred.
May we uninjured, girt by many heroes, win Varuna's and Mitra's high protection.
- pípartu no áditī rā́japutrā́ti dvéṣāṃsyaryamā́ sugébhi:.
- पिप॑र्तु नो॒ अदि॑ती॒ राज॑पु॒त्राति॒ द्वेषां॑स्यर्य॒मा सु॒गेभि॑:।
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.108.9:
- अ॒भि द्यु॒म्नं बृ॒हद्यश॒ इष॑स्पते दिदी॒हि दे॑व देव॒युः।
वि कोशं॑ मध्य॒मं यु॑व॥- abhí dyumnáṃ bṛhádyáśa íṣaspate didīhí deva devayúḥ.
ví kóśaṃ madhyamáṃ yuva. - Make great glory shine on us, thou Lord of strengthening food, God, as the Friend of Gods: Unclose the fount of middle air.
- abhí dyumnáṃ bṛhádyáśa íṣaspate didīhí deva devayúḥ.
- अ॒भि द्यु॒म्नं बृ॒हद्यश॒ इष॑स्पते दिदी॒हि दे॑व देव॒युः।
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.12.10.1:
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत्।
- evaṃ kṛśaṃ sthūlamaṇurbṛhadyadasacca sajjīvamajīvamanyat.
- Thus, [all] that is skinny, fat, tiny, big is untrue and other true living things are lifeless.
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत्।
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 6.53.22:
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः। कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ॥
- kāñcanāṅgadakeyūro niṣkābharaṇabhūṣitaḥ. kumbhakarṇo bṛhatkarṇaḥ suhutoʼgnirivābabhau.
- Kumbhakarna with long ears, adorned with golden armlets and bracelets worn on his upper arms along with ornament for his breast, shone like fire, well-fed with oblations.
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः। कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ॥
- clear, loud, high (as sound)
Declension
editMasculine at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | बृहन् bṛhán |
बृहन्तौ / बृहन्ता¹ bṛhántau / bṛhántā¹ |
बृहन्तः bṛhántaḥ |
Vocative | बृहन् bṛ́han |
बृहन्तौ / बृहन्ता¹ bṛ́hantau / bṛ́hantā¹ |
बृहन्तः bṛ́hantaḥ |
Accusative | बृहन्तम् bṛhántam |
बृहन्तौ / बृहन्ता¹ bṛhántau / bṛhántā¹ |
बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā́ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भिः bṛhádbhiḥ |
Dative | बृहते bṛhaté |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहताम् bṛhatā́m |
Locative | बृहति bṛhatí |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहत्सु bṛhátsu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ī-stem declension of बृहती (bṛhatī́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | बृहती bṛhatī́ |
बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹ |
बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛhatyàḥ / bṛhatī́ḥ¹ |
Vocative | बृहति bṛ́hati |
बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛ́hatyau / bṛ́hatī¹ |
बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛ́hatyaḥ / bṛ́hatīḥ¹ |
Accusative | बृहतीम् bṛhatī́m |
बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹ |
बृहतीः bṛhatī́ḥ |
Instrumental | बृहत्या bṛhatyā́ |
बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām |
बृहतीभिः bṛhatī́bhiḥ |
Dative | बृहत्यै bṛhatyaí |
बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām |
बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | बृहत्याः / बृहत्यै² bṛhatyā́ḥ / bṛhatyaí² |
बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām |
बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | बृहत्याः / बृहत्यै² bṛhatyā́ḥ / bṛhatyaí² |
बृहत्योः bṛhatyóḥ |
बृहतीनाम् bṛhatī́nām |
Locative | बृहत्याम् bṛhatyā́m |
बृहत्योः bṛhatyóḥ |
बृहतीषु bṛhatī́ṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | बृहत् bṛhát |
बृहन्ती bṛhántī |
बृहन्ति bṛhánti |
Vocative | बृहत् bṛ́hat |
बृहन्ती bṛ́hantī |
बृहन्ति bṛ́hanti |
Accusative | बृहत् bṛhát |
बृहन्ती bṛhántī |
बृहन्ति bṛhánti |
Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā́ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भिः bṛhádbhiḥ |
Dative | बृहते bṛhaté |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहताम् bṛhatā́m |
Locative | बृहति bṛhatí |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहत्सु bṛhátsu |
Derived terms
edit- बृहदारण्यक (bṛhadāraṇyaka)
Descendants
editNomen
editबृहत् • (bṛhát) stem, n
Declension
editNeuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | बृहत् bṛhát |
बृहन्ती bṛhántī |
बृहन्ति bṛhánti |
Vocative | बृहत् bṛ́hat |
बृहन्ती bṛ́hantī |
बृहन्ति bṛ́hanti |
Accusative | बृहत् bṛhát |
बृहन्ती bṛhántī |
बृहन्ति bṛhánti |
Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā́ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भिः bṛhádbhiḥ |
Dative | बृहते bṛhaté |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhádbhyām |
बृहद्भ्यः bṛhádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | बृहतः bṛhatáḥ |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहताम् bṛhatā́m |
Locative | बृहति bṛhatí |
बृहतोः bṛhatóḥ |
बृहत्सु bṛhátsu |
Adverb
editबृहत् • (bṛhat)
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “बृहत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 735.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “bṛhat”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “बृहत्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1171
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “बृहत्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 197
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “br̥hánt”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 527
Kategorien:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root बृह्
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi literary terms
- Hindi terms with quotations
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root बृह्
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit at-stem nouns
- Sanskrit adverbs
- Sanskrit adverbs in Devanagari script