結界
See also: 结界
Chinese
editknot; sturdy; to bear (fruit) knot; sturdy; to bear (fruit); bond; to tie; to bind |
boundary; scope; extent boundary; scope; extent; circles; group; kingdom (taxonomy) | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (結界) | 結 | 界 | |
simp. (结界) | 结 | 界 |
Etymology
edit- "force field"
- Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 結界 (kekkai).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiéjiè
- Wade–Giles: chieh2-chieh4
- Yale: jyé-jyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyejieh
- Palladius: цзецзе (czecze)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: git3 gaai3
- Yale: git gaai
- Cantonese Pinyin: git8 gaai3
- Guangdong Romanization: gid3 gai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiːt̚³ kaːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Nomen
edit結界
- (Buddhism) boundary; restricted area
- (Buddhism) a gloss for the Sanskrit term sīmābandha
- (fiction, chiefly ACG) force field; invisible barrier
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
結 | 界 |
けつ > けっ Grade: 4 |
かい Grade: 3 |
kan'on |
Etymology
editOriginally a Buddhist term borrowed from Middle Chinese 結界 (MC ket keajH),[1][2] itself a translation of Sanskrit सीमाबन्ध (sīmābandha, literally “boundary, edge + bounded”).[3][4]
Pronunciation
editNomen
edit- (Buddhism) restricted access:
- restricted access to a specific area for purposes of Buddhist training
- in esoteric Buddhism, restricted access to a specific area of a dōjō for purposes of purification
- a wooden fence or partition separating the inner and outer sanctuaries of a temple, or separating monastic and public seating in the outer sanctuary
- an area into which anything potentially disruptive to Buddhist training is restricted from entering, such as a 女人結界 (nyonin kekkai, “no-women zone”)
- a lattice or screen demarcating a merchant's or shopkeeper's register and bookkeeping area
- (tea) an item used in 茶道 (sadō, “tea ceremony”) to visually separate the guest tatami area from the ceremony tatami area
- (fantasy) on a small scale, meaning a projected energy barrier, force field, or shield; and on a larger scale, meaning a pocket universe, spiritual or otherwise
- 結界を張る
- kekkai o haru
- to set up a force field
- 結界を張る
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editDerived terms
- 女人結界 (nyonin kekkai): no-women zone
- 結界石 (kekkaiseki): temple border stone
- 結界地 (kekkaichi): restricted access area
- 結界術 (kekkai jutsu): force field or barrier technique
- 結界限界 (kekkai genkai): force field limit
- 結界忍術 (kekkai ninjutsu): ninja barrier technique
- 結界師 (kekkaishi): barrier master oder specialist
Verb
edit結界する • (kekkai suru) suru (stem 結界し (kekkai shi), past 結界した (kekkai shita))
- (Buddhism) to restrict access:
- to restrict access to a specific area for purposes of Buddhist training
- in esoteric Buddhism, to restrict access to a specific area of a dōjō for purposes of purification
- to restrict anything potentially disruptive to Buddhist training from entering into an area
Conjugation
editConjugation of "結界する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 結界し | けっかいし | kekkai shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 結界し | けっかいし | kekkai shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 結界する | けっかいする | kekkai suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 結界する | けっかいする | kekkai suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 結界すれ | けっかいすれ | kekkai sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 結界せよ¹ 結界しろ² |
けっかいせよ¹ けっかいしろ² |
kekkai seyo¹ kekkai shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 結界される | けっかいされる | kekkai sareru | |
Causative | 結界させる 結界さす |
けっかいさせる けっかいさす |
kekkai saseru kekkai sasu | |
Potential | 結界できる | けっかいできる | kekkai dekiru | |
Volitional | 結界しよう | けっかいしよう | kekkai shiyō | |
Negative | 結界しない | けっかいしない | kekkai shinai | |
Negative continuative | 結界せず | けっかいせず | kekkai sezu | |
Formal | 結界します | けっかいします | kekkai shimasu | |
Perfective | 結界した | けっかいした | kekkai shita | |
Conjunctive | 結界して | けっかいして | kekkai shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 結界すれば | けっかいすれば | kekkai sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
See also
edit- (Buddhist boundary): Bai sema on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- (fantasy): Barrier on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- (fantasy): Force field on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
edit- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “結界”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014
- ^ “結界”, in 世界大百科事典 第2版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Vietnamese
editchữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
結 | 界 |
Nomen
edit結界
- chữ Hán form of kết giới (“forcefield”).
Kategorien:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 結
- Chinese terms spelled with 界
- zh:Buddhism
- zh:Fiction
- Chinese fandom slang
- Japanese terms spelled with 結 read as けつ
- Japanese terms spelled with 界 read as かい
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- ja:Buddhism
- ja:Fantasy
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