bolster
Englisch
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English bolster, bolstre, from Old English bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-West Germanic *bolstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).
Pronunciation
edit- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈbɒlstə/, /ˈbəʊlstə/; [ˈbɒʊlstə]
Audio (Southern England); /ˈbɒlstə/: (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈboʊlstɚ/
Nomen
editbolster (plural bolsters)
- A large cushion oder pillow, usually cylindrical in shape.
- Synonym: hotdog pillow
- c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
- And here I'll fling the pillow, there the bolster, / This way the coverlet, another way the sheets.
- 1907 April, E[dward] M[organ] Forster, chapter VII, in The Longest Journey, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, part I (Cambridge), page 88:
- ["]Don't you know how [Joseph Mallord William] Turner spoils his pictures by introducing a man like a bolster in the foreground? Well, in actual life every landscape is spoilt by men of worse shapes still." / "You sound like a bolster with the stuffing out." They laughed.
- A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress.
- [1715], [John] Gay, The What D’Ye Call It: A Tragi-comi-pastoral Farce, London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 11:
- This Arm ſhall be a Bolſter for thy Head, / I'll fetch clean Straw to make my Soldier's Bed; / There, while thou ſleep'ſt, my Apron o'er thee hold, / Or with it patch thy Tent againſt the Cold.
- (vehicles, agriculture) A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn.
- A short, horizontal structural timber between a post and a beam for enlarging the bearing area of the post and/or reducing the span of the beam.
- Synonyms: cross-head, pillow
- A beam in the middle of a railway truck, supporting the body of the car.
- The perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched.
- The part of a knife blade that abuts upon the end of the handle.
- The metallic end of a pocketknife handle.
- (architecture) The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital.
- 1826, Francesco Milizia, The Lives of Celebrated Architects Ancient and Modern:
- Its [the Ionic's column's] ancient capital is generally formed of two parallel bolsters
- (military, historical) A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editTranslations
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Verb
editbolster (third-person singular simple present bolsters, present participle bolstering, simple past and past participle bolstered)
- (transitive, often figurative) To brace, reinforce, secure, or support.
- 2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The Onion AV Club[1]:
- Puget also teamed up with Matt Hyde (Deftones, Slayer) to co-produce the record, which was another smart move: Together, the pair ensures that AFI (The Blood Album)‘s arrangements are streamlined, but bolstered by just the right amount of atmospheric texture.
- 2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62:
- However, once the bi-modes come on stream this [the power supply] will need to be bolstered by a feed at Braybrooke, just south of Market Harborough, for which reason the Department for Transport has supported the extension of overhead electrification from Kettering to Market Harborough.
- 2022 January 12, Chris Hegg, “The secret railway in the woods”, in RAIL, number 948, page 36:
- At the outbreak of the Second World War, the number of locomotives at the depot was bolstered by the loan of several tank engines from the GWR, usually fitted with the distinctive "balloon" spark arrestors.
- 2023 May 8, Matt Spetalnick, “Top Biden aide discusses Yemen peace efforts with Saudi crown prince”, in Reuters[2]:
- On a trip aimed at bolstering often-frayed ties with Riyadh, Sullivan also held joint talks with the crown prince, UAE national security adviser Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed al-Nahyan and India national security adviser Ajit Doval "to advance their shared vision of a more secure and prosperous Middle East region interconnected with India and the world," the White House said.
Derived terms
editTranslations
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Anagrams
editDutch
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch bolster, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
editNomen
editbolster m (plural bolsters, diminutive bolstertje n)
Derived terms
editMiddle English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old English bolster, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.
Pronunciation
editNomen
editbolster (plural bolsters)
- A soft stuffed bag to lie or lean on; a cushion or pillow.
- (rare) A pad; a piece of cushioning.
- (rare) A supporting piece of metal.
Descendants
editReferences
edit- “bolster, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-09-14.
Old English
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.
Pronunciation
editNomen
editbolster m
- pillow, cushion
- Tō slāpenne iċ þearf simle hūru twēġa bolstra.
- I always need at least two pillows to sleep.
Declension
editSynonyms
editDerived terms
editDescendants
editSwedish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Swedish bulster, bolster, from Old Norse bólstr, bulstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”).
Nomen
editbolster n
Declension
editDeclension of bolster | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | bolster | bolstret | bolster | bolstren |
Genitive | bolsters | bolstrets | bolsters | bolstrens |
Further reading
edit- bolster in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bolster in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bolster in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- bolster in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- bulster in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Vehicles
- en:Agriculture
- en:Architectural elements
- en:Military
- English terms with historical senses
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰel- (blow)
- en:Bedding
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔlstər
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- enm:Bedding
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English masculine nouns
- Old English terms with usage examples
- Old English masculine a-stem nouns
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns