cnáim
Old Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Celtic *knāmis, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κνήμη (knḗmē, “tibia”) and English ham.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcnáim m (genitive cnámo or cnáma, nominative plural cnámai)
- bone
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4d15
- In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.
- The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4d15
Inflection
editMasculine i-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | cnáim | cnáimL | cnámaiH, cnámi |
Vocative | cnáim | cnáimL | cnámaiH, cnámi |
Accusative | cnáimN | cnáimL | cnámaiH, cnámi |
Genitive | cnámoH, cnámaH | cnámoH, cnámaH | cnámaeN |
Dative | cnáimL | cnámaib | cnámaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
edit- Irish: cnámh
- Manx: craue
- Scottish Gaelic: cnàimh
- →? Middle Welsh: knaw
- ⇒ Welsh: pencnaw (“end of a bone”)
Mutation
editOld Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
cnáim | chnáim | cnáim pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cnáim”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish masculine nouns
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish masculine or feminine i-stem nouns
- sga:Body