nḏs

See also: nds, nDs, NDs, and -nds

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcʼas/ → /ˈnaːtʼas/ → /ˈnaːtʼəs/ → /ˈnoːtʼəs/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcʼas/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːtʼas/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːtʼəs/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnoːtʼəs/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /nɛd͡ʒɛs/
  • Conventional anglicization: nedjes

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) small or little in size
2. (intransitive) to be(come) lesser in rank or degree
3. (intransitive, of the function of body parts) to be(come) feeble or faint

Inflection

Conjugation of nḏs (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: nḏs, geminated stem: nḏss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
nḏs	nḏsw, nḏs	nḏst	nḏs	nḏs

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
nḏs	ḥr nḏs	m nḏs	r nḏs

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	nḏs.n	consecutive	nḏs.jn
terminative	nḏst
perfective3	nḏs	obligative1	nḏs.ḫr
imperfective	nḏs
prospective3	nḏs	potentialis1	nḏs.kꜣ
subjunctive	nḏs

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	nḏs.n	—	—
perfective	nḏs	nḏs	nḏs, nḏsw5, nḏsy5
imperfective	nḏs, nḏsy, nḏsw5	nḏs, nḏsj6, nḏsy6	nḏs, nḏsw5
prospective	nḏs, nḏstj7	nḏstj4, nḏst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• rkḥ-nḏs

Adjective

1. perfective active participle of nḏs: small, feeble

Inflection

Declension of nḏs (perfective active participle)

	masculine	feminine
singular	nḏs	nḏst
dual	nḏswj	nḏstj
plural	nḏsw	nḏswt1, nḏst2
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Noun

 m

1. person physically small in size
2. commoner, poor or lowly person
3. (by extension) person, individual
   • Reign of Amenemhat II or Senusret II, c. 1929–1878 BCE, Stela of Hekaib (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, AP 78):

     jnk nḏs jqr ḏd m r(ꜣ).f

     I was an excellent individual, one who spoke with his [own] mouth.

Inflection

Declension of nḏs (masculine)

singular	nḏs
dual	nḏswj
plural	nḏsw

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 384.8–385.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 145
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 104