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#REDIRECT [[Allies of World War II#Grand Alliance]] |
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[[File:Teheran conference-1943.jpg|thumb|The "Big Three" leaders at the [[Tehran Conference]]]] |
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The '''Grand Alliance''', also known as '''The Big Three''', was a military alliance consisting of the three major [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] powers of [[World War II]]: the [[Soviet Union]], the [[United States]], and the [[United Kingdom]]. It is often called the "Strange Alliance" because it united the world's greatest [[capitalism|capitalist]] [[United States|state]], the greatest [[communism|communist]] [[Soviet Union|state]] and the greatest [[colonialism|colonial]] [[British Empire|power]].<ref name="Ambrose">{{cite book|last = Ambrose | first = Stephen | authorlink = Stephen Ambrose | title = Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938 | publisher = [[Penguin Books]]| year = 1993 | location = New York | pages = 15 }}</ref> |
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==Origins== |
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The Grand Alliance was one of convenience in the fight against the [[Axis powers]]. The British had reason to ask for one as [[Nazi Germany|Germany]], [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], and [[Imperial Japan]] threatened not only the colonies of the [[British Empire]] in North Africa and Asia, but also the [[British Isles|Home Islands]]. The United States felt that the Japanese and German expansion should be contained, but ruled out force until the attack by the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] on [[Pearl Harbor]] on 7 December 1941. The Soviet Union, after the breaking of the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact|Nazi–Soviet Pact]] by the instigation of [[Operation Barbarossa]] in 1941, greatly despised the unchallenged Japanese expansion in the East, particularly considering their defeat in several previous wars with Japan. They also recognized, as the US and Britain had suggested, the advantages of a two-front war. In 1942 the three powers discussed becoming, with China, the [[Four Policemen]] of world peace. |
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==Tensions== |
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There were many tensions in the Grand Alliance among the "Big Three" leaders [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], [[Winston Churchill]], and [[Joseph Stalin]], although they were not enough to break the alliance during wartime. Division emerged over the length of time taken by the Western Allies to establish a [[Western Front (World War II)|second front]] in Europe.<ref name="Jones"/> |
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The essential ideological differences between the United States and the Soviet Union strained their relationship. Tensions between the two countries had existed for decades, with the Soviets remembering America's participation in the [[Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War|armed intervention]] against the [[Bolsheviks]] in the [[Russian Civil War]] as well as its long refusal to recognize the Soviet Union's existence as a state. During the meetings from 1943-45 there were disputes over the growing list of demands from the USSR. Tensions increased further when Roosevelt died and his successor [[Harry Truman]] rejected demands put forth by Stalin.<ref name="Jones">{{cite book|last = Jones | first = Maldwyn | authorlink = Maldwyn Jones | title = The Limits of Liberty: American History 1607-1980 | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]| year = 1983 | location = Oxford | pages = 505}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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* [[Winston Churchill]]. ''The Grand Alliance''. Re-issued by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1986. {{ISBN|978-0-395-41057-8}}. |
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[[Category:Politics of World War II]] |
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[[Category:Soviet Union–United Kingdom relations]] |
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[[Category:Soviet Union–United States relations]] |
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[[Category:United Kingdom–United States relations]] |
Latest revision as of 12:42, 13 April 2022
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