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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:Buffel (1868).jpg|300px]]
|Ship image=Buffel (1868).jpg
|Ship caption=Right elevation line drawing of the Buffel class}}
|Ship caption=Right elevation line drawing of the ''Buffel'' class}}
{{Infobox Ship Class Overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=''Buffel'' class
|Name=''Buffel'' class
|Builders=
|Builders=
|Operators={{navy|Netherlands}}
|Operators={{navy|Netherlands}}
|Class before=
|Class before= {{sclass|Schorpioen|monitor|4}}
|Class after=
|Class after={{sclass|Heiligerlee|monitor|4}}
|Built range=1867–1870
|Built range=1867–1870
|In service range=1869–1908
|In service range=1869–1908
Line 16: Line 16:
|Total ships preserved=1
|Total ships preserved=1
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Header caption=(as completed)
|Header caption=(as completed)
|Ship class=''Buffel''-class [[monitor (warship)|monitor]]
|Ship type= [[Monitor (warship)|Monitor]]
|Ship displacement={{convert|2402|t|LT|sp=us}}
|Ship displacement={{convert|2198|LT|t|sp=us}}
|Ship length={{convert|195|ft|10|in|m|1|abbr=on}} ([[Length between perpendiculars|p/p]])
|Ship length={{convert|205|ft|8|in|m|1|abbr=on}} ([[length overall|o/a]])
|Ship beam={{convert|40|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|40|ft|4|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|16|ft|9|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|15|ft|9|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship power={{convert|2000|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on}}<br /> 4 [[boiler (steam generator)|boiler]]s
|Ship power=*{{convert|2000|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on}}
*4 [[boiler (steam generator)|boiler]]s
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts, 2 [[Marine steam engine|steam engines]]
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts, 2 [[Marine steam engine#Compound engine|compound-expansion steam engines]]
|Ship speed={{convert|11|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship speed={{convert|11|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=256
|Ship complement=117, later 159
|Ship armament=2 × 1 − [[Armstrong Whitworth|Armstrong]] {{convert|9|in|0|adj=on}} [[Muzzle-loading_rifle#Rifled_Muzzle_Loaders MLR|muzzle-loading rifles]]<br />4 × 1 - 30-pdr [[Smoothbore]] guns
|Ship armament=*1 × twin [[RML 9-inch Armstrong Gun|23 cm Armstrong RML]], replaced by:
*1 x single [[28 cm A No. 1]] [[breechloader]]
|Ship armour=[[Belt armor|Belt]]: {{convert|3|-|6|in|0|abbr=on}}<br/>[[Gun turret]]s: {{convert|8|-|11|in|0|abbr=on}}<br/>[[Deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{convert|.75|-|1|in|mm|0|abbr=on|1}}
*4 × single 30-pdr [[smoothbore]] guns
|Ship armour=*[[Belt armor|Belt]]: {{convert|3|-|6|in|0|abbr=on}}
*[[Gun turret]]s: {{convert|8|-|11|in|0|abbr=on}}
*[[Deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{convert|0.75|-|1|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
*[[Conning tower]]: {{convert|144|mm|in|abbr=on|1|disp=flip}}
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
|}
|}


The '''''Buffel''-class monitors''' were a pair of ships built for the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]] in the 1860s.
The '''''Buffel''-class monitors''' were a pair of [[ironclad]] [[monitor (warship)|monitors]] built for the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]] in the 1860s. They had uneventful careers and were stricken from the Navy List in the late 1890s. {{HNLMS|Guinea||2}} was [[ship breaking|scrapped]] in 1897, but {{HNLMS|Buffel||2}} was [[hulk (ship)|hulked]] and converted into an [[accommodation ship]] in 1896. She was captured by the Germans during World War II, but survived the war. She became a [[museum ship]] in 1979.


==Design and description==
The ''Buffel''-class ships were designed to the same specification as the {{sclass|Schorpioen|monitor|4}}. The ships were {{convert|205|ft|8|in|m|1}} [[length overall|long overall]], had a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|40|ft|4|in|m|1}} and a [[Draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|15|ft|9|in|m|1}}. They [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] {{convert|2198|LT|t|0}} and was fitted with a [[Naval ram|ram]] bow. Their crew initially consisted of 117 officers and enlisted men and then later increased to 159.<ref name=s3>Silverstone, p. 340</ref>

The ships had a pair of two-cylinder [[Marine steam engine#Compound engine|compound-expansion steam engines]], each driving one {{convert|3.66|m|ft|adj=on|disp=flip}} propeller, using steam from four [[boiler]]s. The engines were designed to produce a total of {{convert|2000|ihp|lk=in}} and give the ships a speed of {{convert|12.4|kn|lk=in}}. They could only reach {{convert|11.2|kn}}, however.<ref name=dir>"Dutch Ironclad Rams", p. 304</ref> The ''Buffel''s carried a maximum of {{convert|150|LT|t|0}} of coal and had two pole [[mast (sailing)|mast]]s.<ref name=g6>Gardiner, p. 372</ref>

The ''Buffel''-class monitors were armed with a pair of [[Armstrong-Whitworth|Armstrong]] {{convert|9|in|adj=on|0}} [[Muzzle-loading rifle|rifled, muzzle-loading]] guns mounted in the [[Cowper Phipps Coles|Coles]]-type [[gun turret]]. They were also equipped with four 30-pounder [[smoothbore]] guns. The ships had a complete [[waterline]] [[Belt armor|belt]] of [[wrought iron]] that ranged in thickness from {{convert|6|in|0}} amidships to {{convert|3|in|0}} at the ends of the ships. The gun turret was protected by {{convert|8|in|0}} inches of armor and the armor thickness increased to {{convert|11|in|0}} around the [[Glossary of nautical terms (A-L)#G|gun ports]]. The base of the turret was also protected by 8 inches of armor and the walls of the [[conning tower]] were {{convert|144|mm|1|disp=flip}} thick. The [[Deck (ship)|deck]] armor ranged in thickness from {{convert|0.75|to|1|in|mm|0}}.<ref name=dir/>

==Ships==
{|class="wikitable" border="1"
{|class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
!Ship
!Ship
!Builder
!Builder<ref name=g6/>
!Laid down<ref name=s56>Silverstone, pp. 345–46</ref>
!Laid down
!Launched
!Launched<ref name=s56/>
!Completed
!Completed<ref name=s56/>
|-
|-
|{{HNLMS|Buffel||6}}
|{{HNLMS|Buffel}}
|[[Robert Napier (engineer)|Robert Napier & Sons]], [[Glasgow]], Scotland
|[[Robert Napier and Sons]], [[Glasgow]], Scotland
|align=center|1867
|align=center|10 June 1867
|align=center|10 March 1868
|align=center|10 March 1868
|align=center|1869
|align=center|22 July 1869
|-
|-
|{{HNLMS|Guinea||6}}
|{{HNLMS|Guinea}}
|''[[Rijkswerf (Amsterdam)|Rijkswerf]]'', Amsterdam
|''[[Rijkswerf (Amsterdam)|Rijkswerf]]'', [[Amsterdam]]
|align=center|
|align=center|1867
|align=center|5 May 1870
|align=center|5 May 1870
|align=center|
|align=center|16 October 1873
|}
|}

==Service==
The Dutch bought a license for the design of ''Buffel'' from Napier and built one [[sister ship]] in their own dockyard in Amsterdam. The ships had uneventful careers since the Netherlands was at peace during their active periods. ''Buffel'' was stricken in 1896 and became an [[accommodation ship]] on 11 June of that year.<ref name=dir/> She was captured by the Germans during [[World War II]], but survived the war. She became a [[museum ship]] in 1979 in the [[Maritime Museum Rotterdam]]. ''Guinea'' was stricken and sold for scrap in 1897.<ref name=s56/>

== See also ==
* [[List of ironclads]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==References==
==References==
*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|editor=Gardiner, Robert |publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich|date=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4}}
* {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|editor-last=Gardiner |editor-first=Robert|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich|date=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2}}
* {{cite journal|year=1972|title=Dutch Ironclad Rams|journal=Warship International|publisher=Naval Records Club|location=Toledo, OH|volume=IX|issue=3|pages=302–04}}
* {{cite journal|year=1972|title=Dutch Ironclad Rams|journal=Warship International|publisher=Naval Records Club|location=Toledo, OH|volume=IX|issue=3|pages=302–04}}
* {{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Directory of the World's Capital Ships|year=1984|publisher=Hippocrene Books|location=New York|isbn=0-88254-979-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Directory of the World's Capital Ships|year=1984|publisher=Hippocrene Books|location=New York|isbn=0-88254-979-0}}


==External links==
==External links==
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100918140203/http://arbeitskreis-historischer-schiffbau.de/ontour/swmschif/buffel/buffel.htm Photo-collection on Dutch ironclads]
{{commons category|Buffel class coastal defence ships|''Buffel''-class monitors}}
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071014043305/http://hnsa.org/ships/buffel.htm HNSA Web Page: HNLMS Buffel]
⚫
*[http://www.arbeitskreis-historischer-schiffbau.de/ontour/swmschif/buffel/buffel.htm Photo-collection on Dutch ironclads]

⚫
*[http://www.hnsa.org/ships/buffel.htm HNSA Web Page: HNLMS Buffel]
{{Buffel-class monitor}}


[[Category:Ironclad classes]]
[[Category:Ironclad classes]]

Latest revision as of 14:47, 14 April 2022

Right elevation line drawing of the Buffel class
Class overview
NameBuffel class
Operators Royal Netherlands Navy
Preceded bySchorpioen class
Succeeded byHeiligerlee class
Built1867–1870
In service1869–1908
Completed2
Scrapped1
Preserved1
General characteristics (as completed)
TypMonitor
Displacement2,198 long tons (2,233 t)
Length205 ft 8 in (62.7 m) (o/a)
Beam40 ft 4 in (12.3 m)
Draught15 ft 9 in (4.8 m)
Installed power
Propulsion2 shafts, 2 compound-expansion steam engines
Speed11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph)
Complement117, later 159
Armament
Armour

The Buffel-class monitors were a pair of ironclad monitors built for the Royal Netherlands Navy in the 1860s. They had uneventful careers and were stricken from the Navy List in the late 1890s. Guinea was scrapped in 1897, but Buffel was hulked and converted into an accommodation ship in 1896. She was captured by the Germans during World War II, but survived the war. She became a museum ship in 1979.

Design and description

[edit]

The Buffel-class ships were designed to the same specification as the Schorpioen class. The ships were 205 feet 8 inches (62.7 m) long overall, had a beam of 40 feet 4 inches (12.3 m) and a draft of 15 feet 9 inches (4.8 m). They displaced 2,198 long tons (2,233 t) and was fitted with a ram bow. Their crew initially consisted of 117 officers and enlisted men and then later increased to 159.[1]

The ships had a pair of two-cylinder compound-expansion steam engines, each driving one 12.0-foot (3.66 m) propeller, using steam from four boilers. The engines were designed to produce a total of 2,000 indicated horsepower (1,500 kW) and give the ships a speed of 12.4 knots (23.0 km/h; 14.3 mph). They could only reach 11.2 knots (20.7 km/h; 12.9 mph), however.[2] The Buffels carried a maximum of 150 long tons (152 t) of coal and had two pole masts.[3]

The Buffel-class monitors were armed with a pair of Armstrong 9-inch (229 mm) rifled, muzzle-loading guns mounted in the Coles-type gun turret. They were also equipped with four 30-pounder smoothbore guns. The ships had a complete waterline belt of wrought iron that ranged in thickness from 6 inches (152 mm) amidships to 3 inches (76 mm) at the ends of the ships. The gun turret was protected by 8 inches (203 mm) inches of armor and the armor thickness increased to 11 inches (279 mm) around the gun ports. The base of the turret was also protected by 8 inches of armor and the walls of the conning tower were 5.7 inches (144 mm) thick. The deck armor ranged in thickness from 0.75 to 1 inch (19 to 25 mm).[2]

Ships

[edit]
Ship Builder[3] Laid down[4] Launched[4] Completed[4]
HNLMS Buffel Robert Napier and Sons, Glasgow, Scotland 10 June 1867 10 March 1868 22 July 1869
HNLMS Guinea Rijkswerf, Amsterdam 1867 5 May 1870 16 October 1873

Service

[edit]

The Dutch bought a license for the design of Buffel from Napier and built one sister ship in their own dockyard in Amsterdam. The ships had uneventful careers since the Netherlands was at peace during their active periods. Buffel was stricken in 1896 and became an accommodation ship on 11 June of that year.[2] She was captured by the Germans during World War II, but survived the war. She became a museum ship in 1979 in the Maritime Museum Rotterdam. Guinea was stricken and sold for scrap in 1897.[4]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Silverstone, p. 340
  2. ^ a b c "Dutch Ironclad Rams", p. 304
  3. ^ a b Gardiner, p. 372
  4. ^ a b c d Silverstone, pp. 345–46

References

[edit]
  • Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
  • "Dutch Ironclad Rams". Warship International. IX (3). Toledo, OH: Naval Records Club: 302–04. 1972.
  • Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-88254-979-0.
[edit]
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