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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
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'''Joseph Turner''' (c. 1729–1807) was an architect of Welsh origin who worked in the 18th&nbsp;century.<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.parksandgardens.ac.uk/component/option,com_parksandgardens/task,person/id,1401/Itemid,292/ |title=Joseph Turner – Summary |accessdate=6 November 2011 |publisher=Parks and Gardens Data Services }}{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Most of his major works were in North Wales, and in [[Chester]], Cheshire. Almost all of them were in [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style, with at least one work in [[English Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style, in [[Mold, Flintshire|Mold]], Flintshire, Wales.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=57–58.}}</ref> Turner also designed memorials in [[Chester Cathedral]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=40, 227, 229.}}</ref> and in the churches of [[St Peter's Church, Prestbury|St&nbsp;Peter, Prestbury]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=547.}}</ref> [[St Margaret's Church, Wrenbury|St&nbsp;Margaret, Wrenbury]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=691.}}</ref> [[Collegiate and Parochial Church of St Peter, Ruthin|St&nbsp;Peter, Ruthin]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=275.}}</ref> and St&nbsp;Collen, [[Llangollen]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=220.}}</ref> Turner was a member of Chester Assembly.<ref name=ward>{{Harvnb|Ward|2009|p=79.}}</ref>
'''Joseph Turner''' (c. 1729–1807) was an architect of Welsh origin who worked in the 18th&nbsp;century.<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.parksandgardens.ac.uk/component/option,com_parksandgardens/task,person/id,1401/Itemid,292/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906095935/http://www.parksandgardens.ac.uk/component/option,com_parksandgardens/task,person/id,1401/Itemid,292/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 September 2012 |title=Joseph Turner – Summary |access-date=6 November 2011 |publisher=Parks and Gardens Data Services }}</ref> Most of his major works were in North Wales, and in [[Chester]], Cheshire. Almost all of them were in [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style, with at least one work in [[English Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style, in [[Mold, Flintshire|Mold]], Flintshire, Wales.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=57–58.}}</ref> Turner also designed memorials in [[Chester Cathedral]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=40, 227, 229.}}</ref> and in the churches of [[St Peter's Church, Prestbury|St&nbsp;Peter, Prestbury]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=547.}}</ref> [[St Margaret's Church, Wrenbury|St&nbsp;Margaret, Wrenbury]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=691.}}</ref> [[Collegiate and Parochial Church of St Peter, Ruthin|St&nbsp;Peter, Ruthin]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=275.}}</ref> and [[St Collen’s Church, Llangollen|St&nbsp;Collen, Llangollen]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=220.}}</ref> Turner was a member of Chester Assembly.<ref name=ward>{{Harvnb|Ward|2009|p=79.}}</ref>


==Major works==
==Major works==
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! Grade
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! Criteria<ref name=engh>{{Citation | url = http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/what-is-designation/listed-buildings/| title = Listed Buildings | accessdate = 27 March 2015| publisher = [[Historic England]]}}</ref>
! Criteria<ref name=engh>{{Citation | url = http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/what-is-designation/listed-buildings/| title = Listed Buildings | access-date = 27 March 2015| publisher = [[Historic England]]}}</ref>
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|[[File:ChirkCastle1.JPG|100px]]
|[[File:ChirkCastle1.JPG|100px]]
|align="center"|1760s–1770s
|align="center"|1760s–1770s
|Alterations, including provision of new windows, a "Green House" in the garden (1767) (later rebuilt), stables (1768–69), the state dining room (c. 1770–71), and a new staircase leading to the state rooms (1778).<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=122–27.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=598| title = Chirk Castle| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = [[Cadw]]}}</ref>
|Alterations, including provision of new windows, a "Green House" in the garden (1767) (later rebuilt), stables (1768–69), the state dining room (c. 1770–71), and a new staircase leading to the state rooms (1778).<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=122–27.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=598 |desc=Chirk Castle |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade I colour}}|I
|align="center" {{Grade I colour}}|I
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|[[File:St Mary's Church, Mold.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:St Mary's Church, Mold.jpg|100px]]
|align="center"|1768–73
|align="center"|1768–73
|Turner added the tower in "a credible 18th-century attempt at [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style".<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=389.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=383| title = Parish Church of St Mary, Mold| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref>
|Turner added the tower in "a credible 18th-century attempt at [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style".<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=389.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=383 |desc=Parish Church in St Mary |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade I colour}}|I
|align="center" {{Grade I colour}}|I
|-
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|Bridge
|Bridge
|[[St Asaph]], Denbighshire, Wales<br><small>{{coord|53.2564|-3.4476|name=St Asaph Bridge}}</small>
|[[St Asaph]], Denbighshire, Wales<br><small>{{coord|53.2564|-3.4476|name=St Asaph Bridge}}</small>
|{{centre|—}}

|align="center"|
|align="center"|1770
|A five-arched bridge over the [[River Elwy]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=441–442.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=1445| title = St Asaph Bridge| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref>
|A five-arched bridge over the [[River Elwy]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=441–442.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=1445 |desc=St. Asaph |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade II* colour}}|II*
|align="center" {{Grade II* colour}}|II*
|-
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|{{centre|—}}
|{{centre|—}}
|align="center"|1770
|align="center"|1770
|A pair of lodges in [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style at the entrance to Chirk Park.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=128.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=20227| title = New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: North Lodge| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=622| title = New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: South Lodge| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref>
|A pair of lodges in [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] style at the entrance to Chirk Park.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=128.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=20227 |desc=New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: the N Lodge |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=622 |desc=New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: the S Lodge |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade II colour}}|II
|align="center" {{Grade II colour}}|II
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|[[File:Point of Ayr Lighthouse - geograph.org.uk - 613331.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Point of Ayr Lighthouse - geograph.org.uk - 613331.jpg|100px]]
|align="center"|1777
|align="center"|1777
|A lighthouse at the northernmost point of Wales.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=444–45.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=520| title = Point of Ayr Lighthouse| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref>
|A lighthouse at the northernmost point of Wales.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=444–45.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=520 |desc=Point of Ayr Lighthouse |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade II colour}}|II
|align="center" {{Grade II colour}}|II
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|[[File:The Library, Ruthin - geograph.org.uk - 300698.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:The Library, Ruthin - geograph.org.uk - 300698.jpg|100px]]
|align="center"|1785–90
|align="center"|1785–90
|Built initially as a record office, it was extended to be the county hall, including a courthouse. It later became the town's library.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=276–77.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/cadw/cadw_eng.php?id=902| title = Ruthin Library| accessdate = 7 November 2011| publisher = Cadw}}</ref>
|Built initially as a record office, it was extended to be the county hall, including a courthouse. It later became the town's library.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=276–77.}}</ref><ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=902 |desc=Ruthin Library |mode=cs2 |access-date=3 April 2019|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
|align="center" {{Grade II* colour}}|II*
|align="center" {{Grade II* colour}}|II*
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'''Sources'''
'''Sources'''
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{Citation |editor1-last= Langtree|editor1-first= Stephen|editor2-last= Comyns|editor2-first= Alan| year = 2001| title = 2000 Years of Building: Chester's Architectural Legacy| publication-place = Chester| place = | publisher = Chester Civic Trust| pages = | page = | format = | id = | isbn = 0-9540152-0-7}}
*{{Citation |editor1-last= Langtree|editor1-first= Stephen|editor2-last= Comyns|editor2-first= Alan| year = 2001| title = 2000 Years of Building: Chester's Architectural Legacy| publication-place = Chester| publisher = Chester Civic Trust| isbn = 0-9540152-0-7}}
*{{Citation | last = Hartwell | first = Clare |last2 = Hyde | first2 = Matthew |last3 = Hubbard | first3 = Edward | author3-link=Edward Hubbard | last4 =Pevsner | first4 =Nikolaus | author4-link =Nikolaus Pevsner | series= The Buildings of England| title = Cheshire |edition= | publisher =[[Yale University Press]]| year =2011| origyear=1971| location =New Haven and London| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =978-0-300-17043-6 }}
*{{Citation | last = Hartwell | first = Clare |last2 = Hyde | first2 = Matthew |last3 = Hubbard | first3 = Edward | author3-link=Edward Hubbard | last4 =Pevsner | first4 =Nikolaus | author4-link =Nikolaus Pevsner | series= The Buildings of England| title = Cheshire | publisher =[[Yale University Press]]| year =2011| orig-year=1971| location =New Haven and London| isbn =978-0-300-17043-6 }}
*{{Citation | last =Hubbard | first =Edward | authorlink = | author2 = | series= The Buildings of Wales |title = Clwyd |edition= | publisher =[[Penguin Books|Penguin]] | year = 1986| location =London | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =0-14-071052-3 }}
*{{Citation | last =Hubbard | first =Edward | series= The Buildings of Wales |title = Clwyd | publisher =[[Penguin Books|Penguin]] | year = 1986| location =London | isbn =0-14-071052-3 }}
*{{Citation | last =Ward | first =Simon | authorlink = | author2 = | title =Chester: A History |edition= | publisher =Phillimore | year = 2009 | location =Chichester | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =978-1-86077-499-7 }}
*{{Citation | last =Ward | first =Simon | title =Chester: A History | publisher =Phillimore | year = 2009 | location =Chichester | isbn =978-1-86077-499-7 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Joseph}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Joseph}}
[[Category:Welsh architects]]
[[Category:Welsh architects]]
[[Category:Neoclassical architects]]
[[Category:British neoclassical architects]]
[[Category:1807 deaths]]
[[Category:1807 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]

Revision as of 12:47, 23 July 2022

Joseph Turner (c. 1729–1807) was an architect of Welsh origin who worked in the 18th century.[1] Most of his major works were in North Wales, and in Chester, Cheshire. Almost all of them were in Georgian style, with at least one work in Gothic style, in Mold, Flintshire, Wales.[2] Turner also designed memorials in Chester Cathedral,[3] and in the churches of St Peter, Prestbury,[4] St Margaret, Wrenbury,[5] St Peter, Ruthin,[6] and St Collen, Llangollen.[7] Turner was a member of Chester Assembly.[8]

Major works

Key

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

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Grade Criteria[9]
I Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II* Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
II Buildings of national importance and special interest
Name Location Photograph Date Notes Grade
Chirk Castle Chirk, Wrexham, Wales
52°56′07″N 3°05′23″W / 52.9352°N 3.0897°W / 52.9352; -3.0897 (Chirk Castle) 		1760s–1770s Alterations, including provision of new windows, a "Green House" in the garden (1767) (later rebuilt), stables (1768–69), the state dining room (c. 1770–71), and a new staircase leading to the state rooms (1778).[10][11] I
St Mary's Church, Mold Mold, Flintshire, Wales
53°10′09″N 3°08′35″W / 53.1691°N 3.1430°W / 53.1691; -3.1430 (St Mary's Church, Mold) 		1768–73 Turner added the tower in "a credible 18th-century attempt at Georgian style".[12][13] I
Bridge St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales
53°15′23″N 3°26′51″W / 53.2564°N 3.4476°W / 53.2564; -3.4476 (St Asaph Bridge)
—
 1770 A five-arched bridge over the River Elwy.[14][15] II*
New Hall Lodge, Chirk Castle Chirk, Wrexham, Wales
52°56′29″N 3°04′48″W / 52.9414°N 3.0801°W / 52.9414; -3.0801 (New Hall Lodge, Chirk Castle)
—
 1770 A pair of lodges in Georgian style at the entrance to Chirk Park.[16][17][18] II
Entrance gates, lodge and screen Oulton Estate, Cheshire
53°11′01″N 2°36′49″W / 53.1837°N 2.6136°W / 53.1837; -2.6136 (Oulton Park Gates) 		c. 1775 The entrance to the former country house on Oulton Estate.[19][20] II*
Lighthouse Point of Ayr, Flintshire, Wales
53°21′25″N 3°19′20″W / 53.3570°N 3.3222°W / 53.3570; -3.3222 (Point of Ayr Lighthouse) 		1777 A lighthouse at the northernmost point of Wales.[21][22] II
Dyffryn Aled Llansannan, Conwy, Wales 1777 A house demolished in about 1920.[23]
—
10–28 Nicholas Street Chester, Cheshire
53°11′21″N 2°53′42″W / 53.1891°N 2.8951°W / 53.1891; -2.8951 (10–28 Nicholas Street, Chester)
—
 1780 A terrace of ten town houses in Georgian style.[24][25] II
Bridgegate Chester, Cheshire
53°11′10″N 2°53′21″W / 53.1862°N 2.8893°W / 53.1862; -2.8893 (Bridgegate, Chester) 		1781 A replacement for an earlier gateway at the southern entrance to the city. It is in Neoclassical style.[8][26][27][28] I
Flintshire County Gaol Flint Castle, Flint, Flintshire, Wales
—
 1784–85 Built in the outer ward of the castle, this was demolished in 1969.[29]
—
Ruthin Library Record Street, Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales
53°06′49″N 3°18′34″W / 53.1135°N 3.3095°W / 53.1135; -3.3095 (Ruthin Library) 		1785–90 Built initially as a record office, it was extended to be the county hall, including a courthouse. It later became the town's library.[30][31] II*
Watergate Chester, Cheshire
53°11′22″N 2°53′51″W / 53.1894°N 2.8974°W / 53.1894; -2.8974 (Watergate, Chester) 		1788 A replacement for an earlier gateway at the western entrance to the city.[8][27][32][33] I
Bridge of Sighs Chester, Cheshire
53°11′38″N 2°53′37″W / 53.1939°N 2.8937°W / 53.1939; -2.8937 (Bridge of Sighs, Chester)
1793 A bridge linking the former gaol to the chapel of Bluecoat School.[34][35] II

References

Citations

  1. ^ Joseph Turner – Summary, Parks and Gardens Data Services, archived from the original on 6 September 2012, retrieved 6 November 2011
  2. ^ Hubbard 1986, pp. 57–58.
  3. ^ Hartwell et al. 2011, pp. 40, 227, 229.
  4. ^ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 547.
  5. ^ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 691.
  6. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 275.
  7. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 220.
  8. ^ a b c Ward 2009, p. 79.
  9. ^ Listed Buildings, Historic England, retrieved 27 March 2015
  10. ^ Hubbard 1986, pp. 122–27.
  11. ^ Cadw, "Chirk Castle (598)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  12. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 389.
  13. ^ Cadw, "Parish Church in St Mary (383)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  14. ^ Hubbard 1986, pp. 441–442.
  15. ^ Cadw, "St. Asaph (1445)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  16. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 128.
  17. ^ Cadw, "New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: the N Lodge (20227)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  18. ^ Cadw, "New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: the S Lodge (622)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  19. ^ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 432.
  20. ^ Historic England, "Screen, lodges and gates at Oulton Park (1138435)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
  21. ^ Hubbard 1986, pp. 444–45.
  22. ^ Cadw, "Point of Ayr Lighthouse (520)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  23. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 241.
  24. ^ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 131.
  25. ^ Historic England, "Number 10–28 and steps, railings and lamp holder, Nicholas Street, Chester (1376327)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
  26. ^ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 132.
  27. ^ a b Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 254.
  28. ^ Historic England, "The Bridgegate, Chester (1376320)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
  29. ^ Hubbard 1986, p. 349.
  30. ^ Hubbard 1986, pp. 276–77.
  31. ^ Cadw, "Ruthin Library (902)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 3 April 2019
  32. ^ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 133.
  33. ^ Historic England, "The Watergate, Chester (1376468)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
  34. ^ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 270.
  35. ^ Historic England, "Bridge of Sighs, Chester (1375967)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011

Sources

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