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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Sir Lauder Brunton
| name = Sir Lauder Brunton
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|Bt|FRS|size=100%}}
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|Bt|FRS|size=100%}}
| image = Lauder Brunton 1881.jpg
| image = Lauder Brunton 1881.jpg
| caption = Brunton in 1881
| caption = Brunton in 1881
| birth_date = 14 March 1844
| birth_date = 14 March 1844
| birth_place = [[Roxburgh]], Scotland
| birth_place = [[Roxburgh]], Scotland
| death_date = 16 September 1916 (aged 72)
| death_date = 16 September 1916 (aged 72)
| death_place = [[London]], England
| death_place = [[London]], England
| residence =
| residence =
| citizenship =
| citizenship =
| nationality = Scottish
| nationality = Scottish
| other_names = Jalaluddin Lauder Brunton
| other_names = Lauder Brunton
| field =
| field =
| work_institutions =
| work_institutions =
| alma_mater =
| alma_mater =
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Treatment of [[angina pectoris]]
| known_for = Treatment of [[angina pectoris]]
| influences =
| influences =
| influenced =
| influenced =
| prizes = [[Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh]] {{small|(1915)}}
| prizes = [[Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh]] {{small|(1915)}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| spouse = {{marriage|Louisa Jane Stopford|1879|1909|reason=died}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Louisa Jane Stopford|1879|1909|reason=died}}
| signature =
| signature =
}}
}}
'''Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS}} (14 March 1844 – 16 September 1916) was a British physician who is most-closely associated with the use of [[amyl nitrite]] to treat [[angina pectoris]].
'''Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS}} (14 March 1844 – 16 September 1916) was a British physician who is most-closely associated with the use of [[amyl nitrite]] to treat [[angina pectoris]].
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==Diabetes==
==Diabetes==


Brunton favoured a [[Low-carbohydrate diet|low-carbohydrate]] high-fat diet to treat [[diabetes]].<ref name="Henderson 2016">{{cite journal|author=Henderson, George|year=2016|title=Court of Last Appeal - The Early History of the High-fat Diet for Diabetes|journal=Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism|volume=7|issue=8|pages=696|doi=10.4172/2155-6156.100696}}</ref> In 1874 he recommended a diet consisting of butcher meat, fish, eggs and soup with butter, cheese, cream and oil. All fruit and vegetables apart from [[Garden cress|cress]], lettuce and spinach were forbidden.<ref name="Henderson 2016"/>
Brunton favoured a [[Low-carbohydrate diet|low-carbohydrate]] high-fat diet to treat [[diabetes]].<ref name="Tattersall 1995">{{cite journal|author=Tattersall, Robert|year=1995|title=Pancreatic organotherapy for diabetes, 1889-1921|journal=Medical History|volume=39|issue=3|pages=288–316|pmc=1037001|pmid=7643671|doi=10.1017/s0025727300060087}}</ref> In 1874, he recommended a diet consisting of butcher meat, fish, eggs and soup with butter, cheese, cream and oil. All fruit and vegetables apart from [[Garden cress|cress]], lettuce and spinach were forbidden.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Brunton, Thomas Lauder|year=1874|title=The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=686|pages=221–224|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.686.221 |pmid=20747395|pmc=2293828 }}</ref>


In ''[[The Lancet]]'' in 1894, Brunton stated that he was the first to use [[raw meat]] to treat diabetic patients in 1873. The results were not successful.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Tattersall, Robert|year=1995|title=Pancreatic organotherapy for diabetes, 1889-1921|journal=Medical History|volume=39|issue=3|pages=288–316|pmc=1037001|pmid=7643671|doi=10.1017/s0025727300060087}}</ref>
In ''[[The Lancet]]'' in 1894, Brunton stated that he was the first to use [[raw meat]] to treat diabetic patients in 1873. The results were not successful.<ref name="Tattersall 1995"/>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
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Some of Brunton's papers are held at the National Library of Medicine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oculus.nlm.nih.gov/brunton073|title=Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton Correspondence 1881–1912|publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref>
Some of Brunton's papers are held at the National Library of Medicine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oculus.nlm.nih.gov/brunton073|title=Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton Correspondence 1881–1912|publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref>


== Selected works ==
== Selected publications ==

*{{cite journal|author=Brunton, T. Lauder|year=1874|title=The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=686|pages=221–224|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.686.221 |pmid=20747395|pmc=2293828 }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Experimental Investigation of the Action of Medicines | year = 1875 | publisher = J. and A. Churchill | location = London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SD_WM9ax61YC&pg=PA1}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Experimental Investigation of the Action of Medicines | year = 1875 | publisher = J. and A. Churchill | location = London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SD_WM9ax61YC&pg=PA1}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Pharmacology and Therapeutics, or, Medicine Past and Present | year = 1880 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LR4JAAAAIAAJ}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Pharmacology and Therapeutics, or, Medicine Past and Present | year = 1880 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LR4JAAAAIAAJ}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, Thomas Lauder | title = A Textbook of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Materia Medica | year = 1885 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = A Textbook of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Materia Medica | year = 1885 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = On Disorders of Digestion, Their Consequences and Treatment | year = 1886 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HVcQAAAAYAAJ }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = On Disorders of Digestion, Their Consequences and Treatment | year = 1886 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HVcQAAAAYAAJ}}
*{{cite journal|author=Brunton, T. Lauder|year=1894|title=Organs of Animals in the Treatment of Disease|journal=The Lancet|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=iau.31858021447093&view=2up&seq=221&size=200|volume=143|issue=3687|pages=1096–1097|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(01)40529-0 }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, Lauder | title = Therapeutics of the Circulation | edition = 2 | year = 1915 | publisher = Paul E. Hoeber | location = New York | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9k51uT_-ED4C | quote = Lauder Brunton. }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Therapeutics of the Circulation | edition = 2 | year = 1915 | publisher = Paul E. Hoeber | location = New York | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9k51uT_-ED4C}}


== References ==
== References ==
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* {{cite journal | author = C.&nbsp;A. | title = Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1844–1916 | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | year = 1917 | volume = 89 | issue = 622 | pages = xliv – xlviii|department=Obituary Notices of Fellows Deceased|url=https://archive.org/details/philtrans07268028|doi=10.1098/rspb.1917.0010| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | author = C.&nbsp;A. | title = Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1844–1916 | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | year = 1917 | volume = 89 | issue = 622 | pages = xliv – xlviii|department=Obituary Notices of Fellows Deceased|url=https://archive.org/details/philtrans07268028|doi=10.1098/rspb.1917.0010| doi-access = free }}
* [http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst2023.html Brief summary of Brunton's work]
* [http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst2023.html Brief summary of Brunton's work]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501224814/http://www.leighrayment.com/baronetage/baronetsB6.htm Baronetcy of Brunton and his successors]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080501224814/http://www.leighrayment.com/baronetage/baronetsB6.htm Baronetcy of Brunton and his successors]}}


==External links==
==External links==
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{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{Low-carbohydrate diets}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brunton, Thomas Lauder}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brunton, Thomas Lauder}}

[[Category:1844 births]]
[[Category:1844 births]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish medical doctors]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:British diabetologists]]
[[Category:Burials at Highgate Cemetery]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Burials at Highgate Cemetery]]
[[Category:Low-carbohydrate diet advocates]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish medical doctors]]
[[Category:Scottish medical writers]]

Latest revision as of 19:26, 14 December 2022

Sir Lauder Brunton
Bt FRS
Brunton in 1881
Born14 March 1844
Roxburgh, Scotland
Died16 September 1916 (aged 72)
London, England
NationalityScottish
Other namesLauder Brunton
Known forTreatment of angina pectoris
Spouse
Louisa Jane Stopford
​
​
(m. 1879; died 1909)​
AwardsCameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh (1915)

Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st Baronet, FRS (14 March 1844 – 16 September 1916) was a British physician who is most-closely associated with the use of amyl nitrite to treat angina pectoris.

Early life

[edit]

Brunton was born on 14 March 1844 in Roxburgh in southeastern Scotland, the son of James Brunton (1781–1863) and his second wife Agnes Stenhouse (1807–1848). James's first wife was Euphemia Lauder (1794–1822), which gives explanation for his middle name, although he was not directly related to the Lauder's of the Bass.[1] He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, beginning research into pharmacology while still a student there, and receiving a gold medal for his 1866 thesis on digitalis.

Career

[edit]

He left Edinburgh to work in Austria, the Netherlands, and Germany, returning to University College, London, and while there he was selected for a position at St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Brunton's clinical use of amyl nitrite to treat angina was inspired by earlier work with the same reagent by Arthur Gamgee and Benjamin Ward Richardson. Brunton reasoned that the pain and discomfort of angina could be reduced by administering amyl nitrite to open the coronary arteries of patients. In 1874, Brunton was made a Fellow of the Royal Society. He delivered the Goulstonian Lecture in 1877 on "Pharmacology and Therapeutics" and the Croonian Lecture in 1889 on "The Chemical structure of Physiological Action", both to the Royal College of Physicians. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1900 New Year Honours list, received the knighthood by Queen Victoria at Osborne House on 9 February 1900,[2] and was made a baronet in 1908.[3] In 1915, he was awarded the Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh.

Diabetes

[edit]

Brunton favoured a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet to treat diabetes.[4] In 1874, he recommended a diet consisting of butcher meat, fish, eggs and soup with butter, cheese, cream and oil. All fruit and vegetables apart from cress, lettuce and spinach were forbidden.[5]

In The Lancet in 1894, Brunton stated that he was the first to use raw meat to treat diabetic patients in 1873. The results were not successful.[4]

Personal life

[edit]

Brunton married Louisa Jane, daughter of Edward Stopford, Archdeacon of Meath, in 1879. She died in 1909.

He died in London on 16 September 1916, aged 72, and was buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery. His memorial was designed by Sir Robert Lorimer. Lorimer also designed a plaque to Brunton in Bowden in Roxburghshire, erected in 1920.[6]

Family grave of Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton in Highgate Cemetery

He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son Stopford Brunton. Another son, Lt. Edward Brunton, was killed at the Battle of Loos.

Some of Brunton's papers are held at the National Library of Medicine.[7]

Selected publications

[edit]
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1874). "The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus". The British Medical Journal. 1 (686): 221–224. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.686.221. PMC 2293828. PMID 20747395.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1875). Experimental Investigation of the Action of Medicines. London: J. and A. Churchill.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1880). Pharmacology and Therapeutics, or, Medicine Past and Present. London: Macmillan and Company.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1885). A Textbook of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Materia Medica. London: Macmillan and Company.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1886). On Disorders of Digestion, Their Consequences and Treatment. London: Macmillan and Company.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1894). "Organs of Animals in the Treatment of Disease". The Lancet. 143 (3687): 1096–1097. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)40529-0.
  • Brunton, T. Lauder (1915). Therapeutics of the Circulation (2 ed.). New York: Paul E. Hoeber.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ James Brunton Grave Headstone
  2. ^ "No. 27167". The London Gazette. 20 February 1900. p. 1169.
  3. ^ "No. 28158". The London Gazette. 14 July 1908. p. 5133.
  4. ^ a b Tattersall, Robert (1995). "Pancreatic organotherapy for diabetes, 1889-1921". Medical History. 39 (3): 288–316. doi:10.1017/s0025727300060087. PMC 1037001. PMID 7643671.
  5. ^ Brunton, Thomas Lauder (1874). "The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus". The British Medical Journal. 1 (686): 221–224. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.686.221. PMC 2293828. PMID 20747395.
  6. ^ Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Robert Lorimer
  7. ^ "Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton Correspondence 1881–1912". National Library of Medicine.

Further reading

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lauder Brunton.
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Thomas Lauder Brunton
[edit]
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
New creation Baronet
(of Stratford Place)
1908–1916 		Succeeded by
Stopford Brunton
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