Jump to content

Highflyer-class cruiser: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
move Commons link to customary location in External links section at end of article
m title
 
(43 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
⚫
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
⚫
{{Infobox Ship Image
⚫
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
⚫
|Ship image= [[File:HMS Highflyer AWM 302207.jpeg|300px]]
⚫
{{Infobox ship image
⚫
|Ship caption=[[HMS Highflyer (1898)|HMS Highflyer]]
⚫
|Ship image= HMS Highflyer AWM 302207.jpeg
⚫
|Ship caption={{HMS|Highflyer|1898|6}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Class Overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name='''''Highflyer'''''
|Name=''Highflyer''
|Builders=
|Builders=
|Operators=[[Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|30px|RN Ensign]] [[Royal Navy]]
|Operators={{navy|United Kingdom}}
|Class before={{sclass|Pelorus|cruiser}}
|Class before={{sclass|Pelorus|cruiser|4}}
|Class after={{sclass|Challenger|cruiser}}
|Class after={{sclass|Challenger|cruiser|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Cost=
|Cost=
|Built range=
|Built range=1897–1900
|In service range=
|In service range= 1899–1921
|In commission range=
|In commission range=
|Total ships completed=3
|Total ships completed=3
|Total ships cancelled=
|Total ships lost=1
|Total ships lost=1
|Total ships scrapped=2
|Total ships scrapped=2
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=
|Ship type=[[Protected cruiser]]
|Ship type=[[Protected cruiser]]
|Ship displacement={{convert|5600|LT|t|lk=on}}
|Ship displacement={{convert|5600|LT|t|-1}}
|Ship length={{convert|350|ft|m|1}} ([[Length between perpendiculars|p/p]], {{convert|372|ft|m|1}} ([[Length overall|o/a]])
|Ship length={{convert|350|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} ([[Length between perpendiculars|p/p]], {{convert|372|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} ([[Length overall|o/a]])
|Ship beam={{convert|54|ft|m|1}}
|Ship beam={{convert|54|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|22|ft|m|1}}
|Ship draught={{convert|21|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship power={{convert|10000|ihp|lk=on}}
|Ship power=*{{convert|10000|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on|-1}}
⚫
*18 × [[Belleville boiler]]s
⚫
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts, [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|Vertical triple-expansion steam engines]]<br />
|Ship propulsion=*2 × shafts
⚫
18 [[water-tube boiler]]s
⚫
*2 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|Vertical triple-expansion steam engines]]
|Ship speed={{convert|20|kn|lk=on}}
|Ship speed={{convert|20|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=450
|Ship complement=450
|Ship armament=11 x [[QF 6 inch Mk I - III naval gun|QF {{convert|6|in|mm|sing=on|sigfig=4}} guns]]<br />
|Ship armament=*11 × single [[QF 6 inch Mk I - III naval gun|QF {{convert|6|in|mm|adj=on|sigfig=4}} guns]]
9 x [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|QF 12 pdr 12 cwt (3-inch) guns]]<br />
*9 × single [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|QF 12-pounder 12 cwt (3-inch, 76.2 mm) guns]]<ref group=Note>"Cwt" is the abbreviation for [[hundredweight]], 20 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.</ref>
6 x [[QF 3 pounder Hotchkiss|3-pounder quick firing guns]]<br />
*6 × single [[QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss|3-pounder (47 mm) quick firing guns]]
2 x [[British 18 inch torpedo|17.7-inch (450 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s
*2 × single [[British 18 inch torpedo|18 inch (450 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s
|Ship armour=[[Deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{convert|1.5|-|3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br/> [[Gun shield]]s: {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}<br />[[Conning tower]]: {{convert|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship armour=*[[Deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{convert|1.5|-|3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
*[[Gun shield]]s: {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}
*[[Conning tower]]: {{convert|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
|}
|}


The '''''Highflyer'' class cruisers''' were a three-ship class of second-class [[protected cruiser]]s of the [[Royal Navy]], laid down in 1897 and completed at an average cost of £300,000.
The '''''Highflyer''-class cruisers''' were a group of three second-class [[protected cruiser]]s built for the [[Royal Navy]] in the late 1890s.


==Design and description==
They were essentially repeats of the [[Eclipse class cruiser|''Eclipse'' class]], but carried eleven six inch main guns as the main armament instead of the mix of 6 inch and 4.7 inch guns used on the earlier ships. They also used water tube boilers like the [[Arrogant class cruiser|''Arrogant'' class]], with slightly upgraded machinery, but unlike the ''Arrogant'' class they were not designed to act as [[Naval ram|rams]]. The watertube boilers raised the speed of the ships by half a knot, and were 100 tons lighter than the boilers used in the ''Eclipse'' class ships, almost making up for the increased weight of the guns. With the very similar [[Challenger class cruiser|''Challenger'' class ships]] they were the last British light cruisers before [[HMS Bristol (1910)|HMS ''Bristol'']] was laid down in 1909.
[[File:HMS_Hermes_(1898)_6-inch_guns.jpg|thumb|left|The two 6-inch guns on ''Hermes''{{'}}s quarterdeck]]
The ''Highflyer''-class cruisers were essentially repeats of the previous {{sclass|Eclipse|cruiser|4}}, albeit with a more powerful armament and propulsion machinery. They were designed to [[Displacement (ship)|displace]] {{convert|5650|LT|t}}. The ships had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|372|ft|m|1}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|54|ft|m|1}}<ref name=ck8/> and a [[draft (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|21|ft|6|in|m|1}}. Their crew consisted of 470 officers and [[other ranks (UK)|other ranks]].<ref name=f6>Friedman 2012, p. 334</ref>

The ships were powered by two 4-cylinder [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|triple-expansion steam engines]], each driving one shaft, using steam provided by 18 [[Belleville boiler]]s, which were lighter and more powerful than the [[Scotch marine boiler|cylindrical boilers]] used by the ''Eclipse''s. The engines were designed to produce a total of {{convert|10000|ihp|lk=in}} which was intended to give a maximum speed of {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}}. The ships easily exceeded their designed power and speeds during their [[sea trials]].<ref name=ck8>Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 79</ref> They carried a maximum of {{convert|1125|LT|t}} of coal.<ref name=f6/>

The main armament of the ''Highflyer'' class consisted of 11 [[quick-firing gun|quick-firing (QF)]] [[QF 6 inch Mk I - III naval gun|{{convert|6|in|mm|adj=on|0}} Mk I guns]].<ref>Friedman 2011, p. 87</ref> One gun was mounted on the [[forecastle]] and two others were positioned on the [[quarterdeck]]. The remaining eight guns were placed [[port and starboard]] [[amidships]].<ref>Friedman 2012, p. 171</ref> They had a maximum range of approximately {{convert|10000|yd}} with their {{convert|100|lb|adj=on}} shells.<ref>Friedman 2011, pp. 87–88</ref> Eight [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|QF 12-pounder 12 cwt guns]] were fitted for defence against [[torpedo boat]]s. One additional [[QF 12-pounder 8-cwt Mk I naval gun|12-pounder 8 cwt gun]] could be dismounted for service ashore.<ref name=f6/> They also carried six [[QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss|3-pounder]] [[Hotchkiss gun]]s and two submerged [[British 18 inch torpedo|18-inch (450&nbsp;mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s.<ref name=ck8/>

The ships' protective [[deck (ship)|deck]] armour ranged in thickness from {{convert|1.5|to|3|in|mm|0}}. The engine hatches were protected by {{convert|5|in|adj=on|0}} of armour. The main guns were fitted with 3-inch [[gun shield]]s and the [[conning tower]] had armour 6 inches thick.<ref name=ck8/>


==Ships==
==Ships==
*[[HMS Highflyer (1898)|HMS ''Highflyer'']] - launched on 4 June 1898, she served on numerous stations and hunted [[commerce raiders]]. She was sold for scrapping 10 June 1921, by then the last [[Victorian era]] cruiser in service with the [[Royal Navy]].
*[[HMS Highflyer (1898)|HMS ''Highflyer'']] - launched on 4 June 1898, she served on numerous stations and hunted [[commerce raiders]]. She was sold for scrapping 10 June 1921, by then the last [[Victorian era]] cruiser in service with the [[Royal Navy]].
*[[HMS Hermes (1898)|HMS ''Hermes'']] - launched on 7 April 1898, she was converted to a [[seaplane carrier]] in 1913, and sunk on 31 October 1914 by [[Unterseeboot 27 (1913)|U 27]]
*[[HMS Hermes (1898)|HMS ''Hermes'']] - launched on 7 April 1898, she was converted to a [[seaplane carrier]] in 1913, and sunk on 31 October 1914 by [[SM U-27 (Germany)|''U 27'']]
*[[HMS Hyacinth (1898)|HMS ''Hyacinth'']] - launched on 27 October 1898, she served on southern stations in the [[First World War]], and assisted in the blockade of [[SMS Königsberg (1905)|SMS ''Königsberg'']]. She was sold for scrapping on 11 October 1923.
*[[HMS Hyacinth (1898)|HMS ''Hyacinth'']] - launched on 27 October 1898, she served on southern stations in the [[First World War]], and assisted in the blockade of [[SMS Königsberg (1905)|SMS ''Königsberg'']]. She was sold for scrapping on 11 October 1923.


==See also==
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}
⚫
*[[List of cruiser classes of the Royal Navy]]
*[[Protected cruiser]]


==References==
==Footnotes==
*{{Colledge}}
{{Reflist|2}}

*[[Jane's Fighting Ships|Jane's Fighting Ships of World War One]] (1919), Jane's Publishing Company
== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger|editor2-last=Kolesnik|editor2-first=Eugene M.|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich|year=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4|name-list-style=amp|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2}}
* {{cite book|last=Corbett|first=Julian|authorlink=Julian Corbett|title=Naval Operations to the Battle of the Falklands|edition=2nd, reprint of the 1938|series=History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents|volume=I|publisher=Imperial War Museum and Battery Press|location=London and Nashville, Tennessee|isbn=0-89839-256-X}}
*{{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Carrier Aviation: The Evolution of the Ships and Their Aircraft|year=1988|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-87021-054-8}}
*{{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Cruisers of the Victorian Era|year=2012|publisher=Seaforth|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK|isbn=978-1-59114-068-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=Naval Weapons of World War One|publisher=Seaforth|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK|year=2011|isbn=978-1-84832-100-7}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-85177-245-5|name-list-style=amp}}
*{{cite book|last=Goldrick|first=James|title=The King's Ships Were at Sea: The War in the North Sea August 1914–February 1915|year=1984|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-87021-334-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/kingsshipswereat0000gold}}
*{{cite book|last=Hobbs|first=David|title=British Aircraft Carriers: Design, Development and Service Histories|year=2013|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|location=Barnsley, UK|isbn=978-1-84832-138-0}}
*{{cite book|last=Layman|first=R. D.|title=Before the Aircraft Carrier: The Development of Aviation Vessels 1859–1922|year=1989|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-87021-210-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Directory of the World's Capital Ships|year=1984|publisher=Hippocrene Books|location=New York|isbn=0-88254-979-0}}

⚫
==External links==
⚫
{{Commons category|Highflyer class cruiser}}
*[http://www.worldwar1.co.uk/light-cruiser/hms-Highflyer.html Highflyer class in World War I]
*[http://www.worldwar1.co.uk/light-cruiser/hms-Highflyer.html Highflyer class in World War I]
*[http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_highflyer_class_cruisers.html History of the Highflyer class]
*[http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_highflyer_class_cruisers.html History of the Highflyer class]
*[http://www.worldnavalships.com/hermes_class1.htm Highflyers]
*[http://www.worldnavalships.com/hermes_class1.htm Highflyers]
*[http://www.hazegray.org/navhist/carriers/uk_sea.htm#herm Experimental seaplane carrier ''Hermes'']
*[http://www.hazegray.org/navhist/carriers/uk_sea.htm#herm Experimental seaplane carrier ''Hermes'']

⚫
==External links==
⚫
{{Commons category|Highflyer class cruiser}}


{{Highflyer class cruiser}}
{{Highflyer class cruiser}}
{{WWI British ships}}
{{WWIBritishShips}}


[[Category:Highflyer class cruisers| ]]
[[Category:Highflyer-class cruisers| ]]
[[Category:Cruiser classes]]
[[Category:Cruiser classes]]
⚫
[[Category:Ship classes of the Royal Navy]]

[[ru:Бронепалубные крейсера типа «Хайфлайер»]]
[[fi:Highflyer-luokka (risteilijä)]]

Latest revision as of 15:43, 20 January 2023

Class overview
NameHighflyer
Operators Royal Navy
Preceded byPelorus class
Succeeded byChallenger class
Built1897–1900
In service1899–1921
Completed3
Lost1
Scrapped2
General characteristics
TypProtected cruiser
Displacement5,600 long tons (5,690 t)
Length350 ft (106.7 m) (p/p, 372 ft (113.4 m) (o/a)
Beam54 ft (16.5 m)
Draught21 ft 6 in (6.6 m)
Installed power
Propulsion
Speed20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Complement450
Armament
Armour

The Highflyer-class cruisers were a group of three second-class protected cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the late 1890s.

Design and description

[edit]
The two 6-inch guns on Hermes's quarterdeck

The Highflyer-class cruisers were essentially repeats of the previous Eclipse class, albeit with a more powerful armament and propulsion machinery. They were designed to displace 5,650 long tons (5,740 t). The ships had an overall length of 372 feet (113.4 m), a beam of 54 feet (16.5 m)[1] and a draught of 21 feet 6 inches (6.6 m). Their crew consisted of 470 officers and other ranks.[2]

The ships were powered by two 4-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, using steam provided by 18 Belleville boilers, which were lighter and more powerful than the cylindrical boilers used by the Eclipses. The engines were designed to produce a total of 10,000 indicated horsepower (7,500 kW) which was intended to give a maximum speed of 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph). The ships easily exceeded their designed power and speeds during their sea trials.[1] They carried a maximum of 1,125 long tons (1,143 t) of coal.[2]

The main armament of the Highflyer class consisted of 11 quick-firing (QF) 6-inch (152 mm) Mk I guns.[3] One gun was mounted on the forecastle and two others were positioned on the quarterdeck. The remaining eight guns were placed port and starboard amidships.[4] They had a maximum range of approximately 10,000 yards (9,100 m) with their 100-pound (45 kg) shells.[5] Eight QF 12-pounder 12 cwt guns were fitted for defence against torpedo boats. One additional 12-pounder 8 cwt gun could be dismounted for service ashore.[2] They also carried six 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns and two submerged 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes.[1]

The ships' protective deck armour ranged in thickness from 1.5 to 3 inches (38 to 76 mm). The engine hatches were protected by 5-inch (127 mm) of armour. The main guns were fitted with 3-inch gun shields and the conning tower had armour 6 inches thick.[1]

Ships

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 20 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 79
  2. ^ a b c Friedman 2012, p. 334
  3. ^ Friedman 2011, p. 87
  4. ^ Friedman 2012, p. 171
  5. ^ Friedman 2011, pp. 87–88

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
  • Corbett, Julian. Naval Operations to the Battle of the Falklands. History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. Vol. I (2nd, reprint of the 1938 ed.). London and Nashville, Tennessee: Imperial War Museum and Battery Press. ISBN 0-89839-256-X.
  • Friedman, Norman (1988). British Carrier Aviation: The Evolution of the Ships and Their Aircraft. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-054-8.
  • Friedman, Norman (2012). British Cruisers of the Victorian Era. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-59114-068-9.
  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.
  • Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
  • Goldrick, James (1984). The King's Ships Were at Sea: The War in the North Sea August 1914–February 1915. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-334-2.
  • Hobbs, David (2013). British Aircraft Carriers: Design, Development and Service Histories. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-138-0.
  • Layman, R. D. (1989). Before the Aircraft Carrier: The Development of Aviation Vessels 1859–1922. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-210-9.
  • Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-88254-979-0.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Highflyer class cruiser.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Highflyer-class_cruiser&oldid=1134774673"