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Coordinates: 67°47′S 66°42′E / 67.783°S 66.700°E / -67.783; 66.700
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{{short description|Monolith of Antarctica}}
{{short description|Monolith of Antarctica}}
[[File:Scullin Murray Monoliths 2023-01-07 Sentinel 2 SR.jpg|thumb|Scullin Monolith (center left).]]

{{Location map
{{Location map
| Antarctica
| Antarctica
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==Discovery and naming==
==Discovery and naming==
Early in January 1930 the [[British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition]] (BANZARE) under [[Douglas Mawson]] made an aerial flight from the ship over the area. Mawson set foot on the rock on 13 February 1931 and named it for [[James Scullin]], [[Prime Minister of Australia]] in 1929 - 31.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=1319| title=Antarctic Gazetteer: Scullin Monolith| publisher=Australian Antarctic Division| accessdate=2008-01-26}}</ref> The rock was charted in January and February 1931 from Norwegian whale catchers exploring the coast, and named "Mount Klarius Mikkelsen" for Captain Klarius Mikkelsen, master of the whale catcher ''Torlyn''. [[Mikkelsen Peak]] is retained as the name of the highest peak of the outcrop.
Early in January 1930 the [[British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition]] (BANZARE) under [[Douglas Mawson]] made an aerial flight from the ship over the area. Mawson set foot on the rock on 13 February 1931 and named it for [[James Scullin]], [[Prime Minister of Australia]] in 1929 - 31.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=1319| title=Antarctic Gazetteer: Scullin Monolith| publisher=Australian Antarctic Division| access-date=2008-01-26}}</ref> The rock was charted in January and February 1931 from Norwegian whale catchers exploring the coast, and named "Mount Klarius Mikkelsen" for Captain Klarius Mikkelsen, master of the whale catcher ''Torlyn''. [[Mikkelsen Peak]] is retained as the name of the highest peak of the outcrop.


== Antarctic Specially Protected Area and Important Bird Area==
== Antarctic Specially Protected Area and Important Bird Area==
As it is not covered in snow or ice, it is an important breeding ground for birds, particularly [[petrel]]s.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/mapcat/display_map.cfm?map_id=13162| title=Scullin Monolith: Topography and bird distribution| publisher=Australian Antarctic Division| accessdate=2008-01-26}}</ref> Together, Scullin and Murray monoliths hold the greatest concentration of [[seabird]] [[bird colony|breeding colonies]] in East Antarctica, including at least 160,000 pairs of [[Antarctic petrel]]s and 70,000 pairs of [[Adélie penguin]]s. They are protected under the [[Antarctic Treaty System]] as [[Antarctic Specially Protected Area]] (ASPA) No.164.<ref name=ats>{{cite web |url=http://www.ats.aq/documents/recatt/Att281_e.pdf|title=Scullin and Murray Monoliths, Mac.Robertson Land, East Antarctica |accessdate=2013-01-24 |work=Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 164: Measure 2, Annex N |first= |last= |publisher=Antarctic Treaty Secretariat |year=2005 }}</ref> Coincident in coverage with ASPA 164, the two monoliths have also been designated an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]] because of the significant seabird colonies present.<ref name=bli> {{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/scullin-monolith--murray-monolith-iba-antarctica |title= Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2015 |website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 27 November 2020|quote=}}</ref>
As it is not covered in snow or ice, it is an important breeding ground for birds, particularly [[petrel]]s.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/mapcat/display_map.cfm?map_id=13162| title=Scullin Monolith: Topography and bird distribution| publisher=Australian Antarctic Division| access-date=2008-01-26}}</ref> Together, Scullin and Murray monoliths hold the greatest concentration of [[seabird]] [[bird colony|breeding colonies]] in East Antarctica, including at least 160,000 pairs of [[Antarctic petrel]]s and 70,000 pairs of [[Adélie penguin]]s. They are protected under the [[Antarctic Treaty System]] as [[Antarctic Specially Protected Area]] (ASPA) No.164.<ref name=ats>{{cite web |url=http://www.ats.aq/documents/recatt/Att281_e.pdf|title=Scullin and Murray Monoliths, Mac.Robertson Land, East Antarctica |access-date=2013-01-24 |work=Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 164: Measure 2, Annex N |publisher=Antarctic Treaty Secretariat |year=2005 }}</ref> Coincident in coverage with ASPA 164, the two monoliths have also been designated an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]] because of the significant seabird colonies present.<ref name=bli> {{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/scullin-monolith--murray-monolith-iba-antarctica |title= Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2015 |website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 27 November 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
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{{usgs-gazetteer|id=13475}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
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* [https://peakvisor.com/peak/scullin-monolith.html Scullin Monolith] at peakvisor website
* [https://peakvisor.com/peak/scullin-monolith.html Scullin Monolith] at peakvisor website
* [https://www.yr.no/place/Antarctica/Other/Scullin_Monolith/long.html Long term weather forecast]
* [https://www.yr.no/place/Antarctica/Other/Scullin_Monolith/long.html Long term weather forecast]
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* {{usgs-gazetteer|id=13475}}
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{{coord|67|47|S|66|42|E|type:isle_region:AQ|display=title}}


{{Antarctic Specially Protected Areas}}
{{Antarctic Specially Protected Areas}}
{{Important Bird Areas of Antarctica}}
{{Important Bird Areas of Antarctica}}
{{Portal bar|Birds|Geography|Earth sciences|Weather}}

⚫
{{coord|67|47|S|66|42|E|type:isle_region:AQ|display=title}}

[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Antarctica]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Antarctica]]
[[Category:Natural monoliths]]
[[Category:Natural monoliths]]

Latest revision as of 09:36, 7 February 2023

Scullin Monolith (center left).
Scullin Monolith is located in Antarctica
Scullin Monolith
Scullin Monolith
class=notpageimage|
Location in Antarctica
Antarctic petrels breed in the IBA

The Scullin Monolith is a crescent-shaped rock fronting the sea 6 km (3.7 mi) west of the similar Murray Monolith, and 8 km (5.0 mi) from Torlyn Mountain, in Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. It is a steep massif of metasedimentary gneiss and granitic origin, with the adjacent coastline consisting of 40 m high ice cliffs. The monolith rises steeply to extend from 435 m high Mikkelsen Peak westward in a crescent that forms Douglas Bay.[1]

Discovery and naming

[edit]

Early in January 1930 the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Douglas Mawson made an aerial flight from the ship over the area. Mawson set foot on the rock on 13 February 1931 and named it for James Scullin, Prime Minister of Australia in 1929 - 31.[2] The rock was charted in January and February 1931 from Norwegian whale catchers exploring the coast, and named "Mount Klarius Mikkelsen" for Captain Klarius Mikkelsen, master of the whale catcher Torlyn. Mikkelsen Peak is retained as the name of the highest peak of the outcrop.

Antarctic Specially Protected Area and Important Bird Area

[edit]

As it is not covered in snow or ice, it is an important breeding ground for birds, particularly petrels.[3] Together, Scullin and Murray monoliths hold the greatest concentration of seabird breeding colonies in East Antarctica, including at least 160,000 pairs of Antarctic petrels and 70,000 pairs of Adélie penguins. They are protected under the Antarctic Treaty System as Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No.164.[4] Coincident in coverage with ASPA 164, the two monoliths have also been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because of the significant seabird colonies present.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  2. ^ "Antarctic Gazetteer: Scullin Monolith". Australian Antarctic Division. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  3. ^ "Scullin Monolith: Topography and bird distribution". Australian Antarctic Division. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  4. ^ "Scullin and Murray Monoliths, Mac.Robertson Land, East Antarctica" (PDF). Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 164: Measure 2, Annex N. Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2005. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
[edit]

67°47′S 66°42′E / 67.783°S 66.700°E / -67.783; 66.700


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