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{{Short description|French mathematician (1921–2009)}}
{{ Infobox scientist
{{ Infobox scientist
| name = Pierre Samuel
| name = Pierre Samuel
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| death_date = {{death date and age|2009|08|23|1921|09|12|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2009|08|23|1921|09|12|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris
| death_place = Paris
| nationality = {{flag|France}}
| nationality = French
| fields = [[Mathematics]]
| fields = [[Mathematics]]
| workplaces = [[University of Paris]]
| workplaces = [[University of Paris]]
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| doctoral_advisor = [[Oscar Zariski]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Oscar Zariski]]
| doctoral_students = [[Daniel Lazard]]<br>[[Artibano Micali]]<br>[[Christian Peskine]]<br>[[Lucien Szpiro]]
| doctoral_students = [[Daniel Lazard]]<br>[[Artibano Micali]]<br>[[Christian Peskine]]<br>[[Lucien Szpiro]]
| known_for =
| known_for = [[Ramanujam–Samuel theorem]]<br>[[Hilbert–Samuel function]]
| awards =
| awards =
}}
}}
'''Pierre Samuel''' (12 September 1921<ref name="bio">{{MacTutor Biography|id=Samuel}}</ref> &ndash; 23 August 2009<ref name="obit"> Obituary of Pierre Samuel (LeMonde) [http://www.lemonde.fr/carnet/article/2009/08/28/pierre-samuel-mathematicien_1232920_3382.html]</ref>) was a [[France|French]] [[mathematician]], known for his work in [[commutative algebra]] and its applications to [[algebraic geometry]]. The two-volume work ''Commutative Algebra'' that he wrote with [[Oscar Zariski]] is a classic. Other books of his covered [[projective geometry]] and [[algebraic number theory]]. He ran a [[Paris]] seminar during the 1960s, and became Professeur émérite at the [[Université Paris-Sud]] (Orsay). His lectures on unique factorization domains published by the [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] played a significant role in computing the [[Picard group]] of a [[Zariski surface]] via the work of Jeffrey Lang and collaborators. The method was inspired by earlier work of [[Nathan Jacobson]] and [[Pierre Cartier (mathematician)|Pierre Cartier]] another outstanding member of the [[Bourbaki]] group. [[Nick Katz|Nicholas Katz]] related this to the concept of ''p''-curvature of a connection introduced by [[Alexander Grothendieck]].
'''Pierre Samuel''' (12 September 1921<ref name="bio">{{MacTutor Biography|id=Samuel}}</ref> &ndash; 23 August 2009<ref name="obit">[http://www.lemonde.fr/carnet/article/2009/08/28/pierre-samuel-mathematicien_1232920_3382.html Obituary of Pierre Samuel (LeMonde)]</ref>) was a French [[mathematician]], known for his work in [[commutative algebra]] and its applications to [[algebraic geometry]]. The two-volume work ''Commutative Algebra'' that he wrote with [[Oscar Zariski]] is a classic. Other books of his covered [[projective geometry]] and [[algebraic number theory]].


==Early life and education==
⚫
He was a member of the [[Bourbaki]] group, and filmed some of their meetings. A French television documentary on Bourbaki broadcast some of this footage in 2000.


Samuel studied at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly in Paris before attending the École Normale Supérieure where he studied for his Agrégé de mathematique. He received his Master of Arts and then a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1947, under the supervision of Oscar Zariski, with a thesis "Ultrafilters and Compactification of Uniform Spaces".
⚫
Samuel was also active in issues of [[social justice]], including concerns about [[Environment (biophysical)|environmental]] degradation (where he was influenced by Grothendieck), and [[arms control]].<ref name="amsletter"> Pierre Samuel Letter to the American Mathematical Society [http://www.ams.org/notices/200503/commentary.pdf]</ref> He died in Paris in August 2009.<ref name="obit"/>


==See also==
==Career==
Samuel ran a [[Paris]] seminar during the 1960s, and became Professeur émérite at the [[Université Paris-Sud]] (Orsay). His lectures on unique factorization domains published by the [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] played a significant role in computing the [[Picard group]] of a [[Zariski surface]] via the work of Jeffrey Lang and collaborators. The method was inspired by earlier work of [[Nathan Jacobson]] and [[Pierre Cartier (mathematician)|Pierre Cartier]] another outstanding member of the [[Bourbaki group]]. [[Nick Katz|Nicholas Katz]] related this to the concept of ''p''-curvature of a connection introduced by [[Alexander Grothendieck]].


⚫
He was a member of the [[Bourbaki group]], and filmed some of their meetings. A French television documentary on Bourbaki broadcast some of this footage in 2000.
*[[Ramanujam–Samuel theorem]]

⚫
Samuel was also active in issues of [[social justice]], including concerns about [[environmental degradation]] (where he was influenced by Grothendieck), and [[arms control]].<ref name="amsletter">[https://www.ams.org/notices/200503/commentary.pdf Pierre Samuel Letter to the American Mathematical Society]</ref> He died in Paris in August 2009.<ref name="obit"/>

His doctoral students include [[Lucien Szpiro]] and [[Daniel Lazard]].

==Awards and honors==
In 1958 he was an invited speaker (''Relations d'équivalence en géométrie algébrique'') at the [[International Congress of Mathematicians|ICM]] in [[Edinburgh]]. In 1969 he won the [[Lester R. Ford Award]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Samuel, Pierre|title=Unique Factorization|journal=Amer. Math. Monthly|volume=75|year=1968|issue=9|pages=945–952|url=http://www.maa.org/programs/maa-awards/writing-awards/unique-factorization|doi=10.2307/2315529|jstor=2315529}}</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
* {{Citation | title=Algèbre locale | year=1953 | publisher=Gauthier-Villars | location=Paris | series=Mémorial des Sciences Mathématiques | volume=123}}<ref>{{cite journal|author=Cohen, I. S.|author-link=Irvin Cohen|title=Review: ''Algèbre locale'' by P. Samuel|journal=Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.|year=1955|volume=61|issue=5|pages=454–456|url=https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1955-61-05/S0002-9904-1955-09954-3/S0002-9904-1955-09954-3.pdf|doi=10.1090/s0002-9904-1955-09954-3|doi-access=free}}</ref>
⚫
* ''Anneaux factoriels'', Publicaçoes da Sociedade de Matematica de Sao Paulo, 1962
* {{Citation | title=Méthodes d'algèbre abstraite en géométrie algébrique | location=Berlin | publisher=Springer | year=1955}}<ref>{{cite journal|author=Lang, Serge|author-link=Serge Lang|title=Review: ''Méthodes d'algèbre abstraite en géométrie algébrique'' by P. Samuel|journal=Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.|year=1956|volume=62|issue=3|pages=273–277|url=https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1956-62-03/S0002-9904-1956-10024-4/S0002-9904-1956-10024-4.pdf|doi=10.1090/s0002-9904-1956-10024-4|doi-access=free}}</ref>
⚫
* ''Géométrie projective'', [[Presses universitaires de France]]
* with Oscar Zariski: {{Citation | title=Commutative algebra I | orig-year=1958 | publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] | location=Berlin, New York | series=Graduate Texts in Mathematics | isbn=978-0-387-90089-6 | year=1975 | volume=28 | mr=0090581}}
⚫
* ''Théorie algébrique des nombres'', Hermann
* with Oscar Zariski: {{Citation | title=Commutative algebra. Vol. II | orig-year=1960 | publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] | location=Berlin, New York | isbn=978-0-387-90171-8 |mr=0389876 | year=1975}}
⚫
* ''Amazones, guerrières et gaillardes'', éditions Complexe & Presses universitaires de Grenoble
⚫
* ''Anneaux factoriels'', Publicaçoes da Sociedade de Matematica de São Paulo, 1962
⚫
* ''Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Samuel'', Mém. [[Société mathématique de France]] (1989)
⚫
* {{cite book|title=Théorie algébrique des nombres|publisher=Hermann|year=1967|isbn=2-7056-5589-1}}
* ''Écologie: détente ou cycle infernal'', Union générale d'éditions, Collection 10-18
* ''Écologie: détente ou cycle infernal'', Union générale d'éditions, Collection 10-18, 1973
⚫
* ''Amazones, guerrières et gaillardes'', éditions Complexe & Presses universitaires de Grenoble, 1975
* ''Le nucléaire en question,'' 1980
* ''Le nucléaire en question,'' 1980
⚫
* ''Géométrie projective'', [[Presses universitaires de France]], 1986
⚫
* ''Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Samuel'', Mém. [[Société mathématique de France]] (1989)


==References==
==References==
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==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Samuel, Mem. Math. Soc. Fr. (1989)
* Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Samuel, Mem. Math. Soc. Fr. (1989)
* [http://tangente-mag.com/article.php?id=3955 Tangente Magazine]


==External links==
==External links==
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*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Samuel}}
*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Samuel}}


{{Authority control|VIAF=100960765}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Samuel, Pierre
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French mathematician
| DATE OF BIRTH =12 September 1921
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Paris]]
| DATE OF DEATH =23 August 2009
| PLACE OF DEATH = Paris
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Samuel, Pierre}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Samuel, Pierre}}
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:Paris-Sud 11 University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Paris-Sud University]]
[[Category:French mathematicians]]
[[Category:20th-century French mathematicians]]
[[Category:20th-century mathematicians]]
[[Category:Algebraists]]
[[Category:Algebraists]]
[[Category:Algebraic geometers]]
[[Category:Algebraic geometers]]
[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]]
[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]]
[[Category:Nicolas Bourbaki]]
[[Category:Nicolas Bourbaki]]

{{France-mathematician-stub}}

Revision as of 00:47, 15 February 2023

Pierre Samuel
Born(1921-09-12)12 September 1921
Paris
Died23 August 2009(2009-08-23) (aged 87)
Paris
NationalityFrench
Alma materPrinceton University
Known forRamanujam–Samuel theorem
Hilbert–Samuel function
Scientific career
FieldsMathematics
InstitutionsUniversity of Paris
Doctoral advisorOscar Zariski
Doctoral studentsDaniel Lazard
Artibano Micali
Christian Peskine
Lucien Szpiro

Pierre Samuel (12 September 1921[1] – 23 August 2009[2]) was a French mathematician, known for his work in commutative algebra and its applications to algebraic geometry. The two-volume work Commutative Algebra that he wrote with Oscar Zariski is a classic. Other books of his covered projective geometry and algebraic number theory.

Early life and education

Samuel studied at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly in Paris before attending the École Normale Supérieure where he studied for his Agrégé de mathematique. He received his Master of Arts and then a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1947, under the supervision of Oscar Zariski, with a thesis "Ultrafilters and Compactification of Uniform Spaces".

Career

Samuel ran a Paris seminar during the 1960s, and became Professeur émérite at the Université Paris-Sud (Orsay). His lectures on unique factorization domains published by the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research played a significant role in computing the Picard group of a Zariski surface via the work of Jeffrey Lang and collaborators. The method was inspired by earlier work of Nathan Jacobson and Pierre Cartier another outstanding member of the Bourbaki group. Nicholas Katz related this to the concept of p-curvature of a connection introduced by Alexander Grothendieck.

He was a member of the Bourbaki group, and filmed some of their meetings. A French television documentary on Bourbaki broadcast some of this footage in 2000.

Samuel was also active in issues of social justice, including concerns about environmental degradation (where he was influenced by Grothendieck), and arms control.[3] He died in Paris in August 2009.[2]

His doctoral students include Lucien Szpiro and Daniel Lazard.

Awards and honors

In 1958 he was an invited speaker (Relations d'équivalence en géométrie algébrique) at the ICM in Edinburgh. In 1969 he won the Lester R. Ford Award.[4]

Works

  • Algèbre locale, Mémorial des Sciences Mathématiques, vol. 123, Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1953[5]
  • Méthodes d'algèbre abstraite en géométrie algébrique, Berlin: Springer, 1955[6]
  • with Oscar Zariski: Commutative algebra I, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 28, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975 [1958], ISBN 978-0-387-90089-6, MR 0090581
  • with Oscar Zariski: Commutative algebra. Vol. II, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975 [1960], ISBN 978-0-387-90171-8, MR 0389876
  • Anneaux factoriels, Publicaçoes da Sociedade de Matematica de São Paulo, 1962
  • Théorie algébrique des nombres. Hermann. 1967. ISBN 2-7056-5589-1.
  • Écologie: détente ou cycle infernal, Union générale d'éditions, Collection 10-18, 1973
  • Amazones, guerrières et gaillardes, éditions Complexe & Presses universitaires de Grenoble, 1975
  • Le nucléaire en question, 1980
  • Géométrie projective, Presses universitaires de France, 1986
  • Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Samuel, Mém. Société mathématique de France (1989)

References

  1. ^ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Pierre Samuel", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  2. ^ a b Obituary of Pierre Samuel (LeMonde)
  3. ^ Pierre Samuel Letter to the American Mathematical Society
  4. ^ Samuel, Pierre (1968). "Unique Factorization". Amer. Math. Monthly. 75 (9): 945–952. doi:10.2307/2315529. JSTOR 2315529.
  5. ^ Cohen, I. S. (1955). "Review: Algèbre locale by P. Samuel" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 61 (5): 454–456. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1955-09954-3.
  6. ^ Lang, Serge (1956). "Review: Méthodes d'algèbre abstraite en géométrie algébrique by P. Samuel" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 62 (3): 273–277. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1956-10024-4.

Further reading

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