Malaria in the Caribbean: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Malaria outbreaks in the Caribbean}} |
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{{refimprove|date=June 2019}} |
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During the early exploration of the Caribbean islands, there was no [[immunity]] of the local nativa population against diseases which were brought by [[European]] and [[African]] [[immigrants]]. Although the Caribbean today is considered “a tropical paradise”, the islands contributed a perfect level of [[moisture]] and [[heat]] to facilitate the spread of [[virus|viral]] and [[bacterium|bacterial]] organisms that led to the death of a large number of people. Because of the rare contact between races in the 1400’s complete immunities were unable to be developed and those that were still caused some to be at least mildly affected by the disease. |
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Malaria was not found in the Americas prior to the discovery of the [[New World]] by Europeans. There was therefore even less [[immunity (medical)|immunity]] among the native populations than there was among [[European ethnic groups|Europeans]].<ref>Esposito, Elena: “Side effects of immunities: the African slave trade” (2015). European University Institute, Max Weber Programme, Working Paper. [https://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/36118]</ref> Due to their genetics, African slaves had greater immunity to falciparum malaria, and this was one reason why slaves were brought in great numbers from Africa. |
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For example, before this time of [[exploration]] and travel, the Caribbean natives of the islands had never been exposed to [[malaria]]. Therefore, when the Europeans and African [[slaves]] began to inhabit the islands, the natives were greatly affected by it and died in astonishing numbers. Due to their genetics, the African slaves had somewhat of an advantage over the white, wealthy settlers: partial immunity was present to falciparum malaria. This malaria affected children and immigrants on some islands but not all. One contracts this disease by being bitten by an [[Anopheles]] [[mosquito]] which can be found on Africa and the Americas. Falciparum malaria sickens the human by attacking the human’s red blood cells and the parasite remains within the victim’s body for life which allows the cycle to continue. This malaria affected predominantly the adult European voyagers rather than predominantly the African slaves. |
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[[Creole peoples|Creoles]] felt that diseases such as malaria were tools preventing their territories being invaded by Europeans.{{cn|date=February 2020}} |
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| ⚫ | The Caribbean countries |
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| ⚫ | The Caribbean countries most affected by malaria were the [[Greater Antilles]] islands and other humid islands like [[Martinique]] and [[Trinidad and Tobago]]. Anopheles mosquitoes thrive mostly in areas of humidity and fresh water, so the disease was not found on islands such as the [[Bahamas]] and [[Antigua]].{{cn|date=February 2020}} |
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As of 2019, several cases of malaria occur each year in Trinidad and Tobago.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.looptt.com/content/garcia-5-imported-cases-malaria-tt-2019|title=Deyalsingh: 5 imported cases of malaria in T&T for 2019|website=www.looptt.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-12}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Influx of disease in the Caribbean]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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*{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oOkgAwAAQBAJ&q=Malaria+Caribbean++-wikipedia|title=Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean, 1620–1914|last=McNeill|first=J. R.|date=2010-01-11|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139484503|language=en}} |
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*{{Cite web|url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/carpha-urges-region-to-deal-seriously-to-eradicate-mosquitoes_164690?profile=1373|title= CARPHA urges region to deal seriously to eradicate mosquitoes | date= May 14, 2019}} |
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{{Americas topic|Malaria in}} |
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{{Caribbean topics|state=collapsed}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Malaria And The Caribbean}} |
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[[Category:Malaria]] |
[[Category:Malaria]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:42, 17 February 2023
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Malaria has had a significant impact on the history of the Caribbean, due to its effects on the colonization of the islands and the corresponding impact on society and economy.
Malaria was not found in the Americas prior to the discovery of the New World by Europeans. There was therefore even less immunity among the native populations than there was among Europeans.[1] Due to their genetics, African slaves had greater immunity to falciparum malaria, and this was one reason why slaves were brought in great numbers from Africa.
Creoles felt that diseases such as malaria were tools preventing their territories being invaded by Europeans.[citation needed]
The Caribbean countries most affected by malaria were the Greater Antilles islands and other humid islands like Martinique and Trinidad and Tobago. Anopheles mosquitoes thrive mostly in areas of humidity and fresh water, so the disease was not found on islands such as the Bahamas and Antigua.[citation needed]
As of 2019, several cases of malaria occur each year in Trinidad and Tobago.[2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Esposito, Elena: “Side effects of immunities: the African slave trade” (2015). European University Institute, Max Weber Programme, Working Paper. [1]
- ^ "Deyalsingh: 5 imported cases of malaria in T&T for 2019". www.looptt.com. Retrieved 2019-06-12.
- McNeill, J. R. (2010-01-11). Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean, 1620–1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139484503.
- "CARPHA urges region to deal seriously to eradicate mosquitoes". May 14, 2019.
