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{{Short description|Genus of testate amoebae}}
{{Short description|Genus of testate amoebae}}
{{italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = File:Collection Penard MHNG Specimen 123-1-4 Cryptodifflugia oviforbis.tif
|image = Collection Penard MHNG Specimen 123-1-4 Cryptodifflugia oviforbis.tif
|image_caption = Tests of ''Cryptodifflugia'' sp., from the [[Eugène Penard]] collection
|image_caption = Tests of ''Cryptodifflugia'' sp., from the [[Eugène Penard]] collection
|taxon = Cryptodifflugia
|taxon = Cryptodifflugia
|authority = Penard, 1890<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia">{{cite journal|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4282.2.4|journal=Zootaxa|date=2017|volume=4282|issue=2|pages=292-308|title=A review of testate amoeba genus Cryptodifflugia Penard, 1890 (Phryganellina: Cryptodifflugiidae) with a key to species|first1=Anatoly|last1=Bobrov|first2=Yuri|last2=Mazei}}</ref>
|authority = Penard, 1890<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia">{{cite journal|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4282.2.4|journal=Zootaxa|date=2017|volume=4282|issue=2|pages=292–308|title=A review of testate amoeba genus Cryptodifflugia Penard, 1890 (Phryganellina: Cryptodifflugiidae) with a key to species|first1=Anatoly|last1=Bobrov|first2=Yuri|last2=Mazei}}</ref>
|type_species=''[[Cryptodifflugia oviformis]]''
|type_species=''[[Cryptodifflugia oviformis]]''
|type_species_authority=Penard, 1890
|type_species_authority=Penard, 1890
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = [[Cryptodifflugia#Classification|See text]]
|subdivision = 23 ([[#Classification|see text]])
| synonyms =
|synonyms =
{{Species list
{{Species list
|Difflugiella|Cash 1904}}
|Difflugiella|Cash 1904}}
}}
}}
{{Commons category}}{{Wikispecies|Cryptodifflugia}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikispecies|Cryptodifflugia}}

'''''Cryptodifflugia''''' is a genus of [[arcellinida|arcellinid testate amoebae]]. It contains all the species previously grouped as the genus '''''Difflugiella''''', which is now a synonym of ''Cryptodifflugia''.<ref name="urlCryptodifflugia">{{cite web|url=http://tolweb.org/Cryptodifflugia/124544 |title=Cryptodifflugia |format= |website= |accessdate=2009-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=136861|title=Difflugiella collum Chardez 1971|accessdate=2022-07-12|date=2022|website=WoRMS}}</ref>
'''''Cryptodifflugia''''' is a genus of [[arcellinida|arcellinid testate amoebae]]. It contains all the species previously grouped as the genus '''''Difflugiella''''', which is now a synonym of ''Cryptodifflugia''.<ref name="urlCryptodifflugia">{{cite web|url=http://tolweb.org/Cryptodifflugia/124544 |title=Cryptodifflugia |format= |website= |accessdate=2009-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=136861|title=Difflugiella collum Chardez 1971|accessdate=2022-07-12|date=2022|website=WoRMS}}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
''Cryptodifflugia'' species are characterized by a [[testate amoebae|shell]] with an oval egg-like shape with a short neck. Their surface is either smooth or adhering foreign particles. The shell can be colorless, yellow or brown, composed of an outer proteinaceous material that is usually lined. The shell's aperture is terminal, and has either a circular or an oval shape. They present [[pseudopods]] in the form of ectoplasmic anastomosing reticulopods, i.e. like fine threads that can branch or anastomose (meaning they can form links with each other) to create a dense network.<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
''Cryptodifflugia'' species are characterized by a [[testate amoebae|shell]] with an oval egg-like shape with a short neck. Their surface is either smooth or adhering foreign particles. The shell can be colorless, yellow or brown, composed of an outer proteinaceous material that is usually lined. The shell's aperture is terminal, and has either a circular or an oval shape. They present [[pseudopods]] in the form of ectoplasmic anastomosing reticulopods, i.e. like fine threads that can branch or anastomose (meaning they can form links with each other) to create a dense network.<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>

==Classification==
==Classification==
The classification of the genus, as revised in 2017, identifies 23 species along with some subspecies:<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
The classification of the genus, as revised in 2017, identifies 23 species along with some subspecies:<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angulata]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angulata]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angusta]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Page, 1966)</small> ([[Bulgaria]], [[Poland]], [[Germany]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angusta]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Page, 1966</small> – [[Bulgaria]], [[Poland]], [[Germany]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angustastoma]]'' <small>Beyens et Chardez, 1982</small> ([[Belgium]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia angustastoma]]'' <small>Beyens et Chardez, 1982</small> – [[Belgium]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia apiculata]]'' <small>(Cash, 1904) Page, 1966</small> ([[England]], [[Russia]], [[Germany]], [[Romania]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia apiculata]]'' <small>(Cash, 1904) Page, 1966</small> – [[England]], [[Russia]], [[Germany]], [[Romania]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia bassini]]'' <small>Bobrov, 2001</small> ([[Russia]], [[Japan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia bassini]]'' <small>Bobrov, 2001</small> – [[Russia]], [[Japan]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia brevicolla]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1979</small> ([[Vietnam]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia brevicolla]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1979</small> – [[Vietnam]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia collum]]'' <small>(Chardez, 1971) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> ([[Belgium]], [[France]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia collum]]'' <small>(Chardez, 1971) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> – [[Belgium]], [[France]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia compressa]]'' <small>Penard, 1902</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia compressa]]'' <small>Penard, 1902</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa angustioris'' <small>Tarnogradsky, 1959</small> ([[Caucasus]], [[Belgium]], [[Germany]], [[Spitsbergen]])
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa angustioris'' <small>Tarnogradsky, 1959</small> – [[Caucasus]], [[Belgium]], [[Germany]], [[Spitsbergen]]
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa australis'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]])
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa australis'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]]
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa ovata'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]])
**''Cryptodifflugia compressa ovata'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia crenulata]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia crenulata]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
**''Cryptodifflugia crenulata glabra'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> ([[Germany]], [[Poland]])
**''Cryptodifflugia crenulata glabra'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> – [[Germany]], [[Poland]]
**''Cryptodifflugia crenulata globosa'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]], [[Poland]], [[Germany]], [[Greenland]], [[Romania]], [[Vietnam]], [[South Georgia]], [[Île de la Possession]], [[Îles Crozet]])
**''Cryptodifflugia crenulata globosa'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]], [[Poland]], [[Germany]], [[Greenland]], [[Romania]], [[Vietnam]], [[South Georgia]], [[Île de la Possession]], [[Îles Crozet]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia horrida]]'' <small>Page, 1966</small> ([[Bulgaria]], [[Germany]], [[Poland]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Spitsbergen]], [[Vietnam]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia horrida]]'' <small>Page, 1966</small> – [[Bulgaria]], [[Germany]], [[Poland]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Spitsbergen]], [[Vietnam]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia lanceolata]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1970</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia lanceolata]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1970</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia leachi]]'' <small>Nicholls, 2006</small> ([[Canada]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia leachi]]'' <small>Nicholls, 2006</small> – [[Canada]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia minuta]]'' <small>(Playfair, 1917) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> ([[Australia]], [[Russia]], [[Greenland]], [[USA]], [[Île de la Possession]], [[Îles Crozet]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia minuta]]'' <small>(Playfair, 1917) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> – [[Australia]], [[Russia]], [[Greenland]], [[United States of America]], [[Île de la Possession]], [[Îles Crozet]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia oviformis]]'' <small>Penard, 1890</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia oviformis]]'' <small>Penard, 1890</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
**''Cryptodifflugia oviformis fusca'' <small>(Penard, 1890) Bonnet et Thomas, 1956</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
**''Cryptodifflugia oviformis fusca'' <small>(Penard, 1890) Bonnet et Thomas, 1956</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia paludosa]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1981</small> ([[Black Sea]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia paludosa]]'' <small>Golemansky, 1981</small> – [[Black Sea]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia patinata]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1964) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> ([[Germany]], [[Poland]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia patinata]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1964) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> – [[Germany]], [[Poland]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia psammophila]]'' <small>(Golemansky, 1970) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> ([[Baltic Sea]], [[Black Sea]], [[Mediterranean Sea]], [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Pacific Ocean]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia psammophila]]'' <small>(Golemansky, 1970) Bobrov & Mazei, 2017</small> – [[Baltic Sea]], [[Black Sea]], [[Mediterranean Sea]], [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Pacific Ocean]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia pusilla]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia pusilla]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
**''Cryptodifflugia pusilla conica'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]])
**''Cryptodifflugia pusilla conica'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia sacculus]]'' <small>(Penard, 1902) Deflandre, 1953</small> ([[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia sacculus]]'' <small>(Penard, 1902) Deflandre, 1953</small> – [[Cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]]
**''Cryptodifflugia sacculus sakotschawi'' <small>Tarnogradsky, 1959</small> ([[Caucasus]])
**''Cryptodifflugia sacculus sakotschawi'' <small>Tarnogradsky, 1959</small> – [[Caucasus]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia splendida]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Page, 1966</small> ([[Poland]], [[Germany]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia splendida]]'' <small>(Schönborn, 1965) Page, 1966</small> – [[Poland]], [[Germany]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia valida]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> ([[Australia]], [[Chile]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia valida]]'' <small>Playfair, 1917</small> – [[Australia]], [[Chile]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia voigti]]'' <small>Schmidt, 1926</small> ([[Germany]], [[Russia]], [[Belgium]], [[Romania]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia voigti]]'' <small>Schmidt, 1926</small> – [[Germany]], [[Russia]], [[Belgium]], [[Romania]]
*''[[Cryptodifflugia vulgaris]]'' <small>(Francé, 1913) Volz, 1928</small> ([[Germany]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Russia]])
*''[[Cryptodifflugia vulgaris]]'' <small>(Francé, 1913) Volz, 1928</small> – [[Germany]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Russia]]

===Excluded taxa===
===Excluded taxa===
Several taxa previously accredited to ''Cryptodifflugia'' or ''Difflugiella'' have been excluded from the 2017 revision:<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
Several taxa previously accredited to ''Cryptodifflugia'' or ''Difflugiella'' have been excluded from the 2017 revision:<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
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{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2897589}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2897589}}

[[Category:Tubulinea]]
[[Category:Amoebozoa genera]]

Latest revision as of 20:22, 25 May 2023

Cryptodifflugia
Tests of Cryptodifflugia sp., from the Eugène Penard collection
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Phylum: Amoebozoa
Class: Tubulinea
Order: Arcellinida
Family: Cryptodifflugiidae
Genus: Cryptodifflugia
Penard, 1890[1]
Type species
Cryptodifflugia oviformis
Penard, 1890
Species

23 (see text)

Synonyms
  • Difflugiella Cash 1904
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cryptodifflugia.
Wikispecies has information related to Cryptodifflugia.

Cryptodifflugia is a genus of arcellinid testate amoebae. It contains all the species previously grouped as the genus Difflugiella, which is now a synonym of Cryptodifflugia.[2][3]

Description

[edit]

Cryptodifflugia species are characterized by a shell with an oval egg-like shape with a short neck. Their surface is either smooth or adhering foreign particles. The shell can be colorless, yellow or brown, composed of an outer proteinaceous material that is usually lined. The shell's aperture is terminal, and has either a circular or an oval shape. They present pseudopods in the form of ectoplasmic anastomosing reticulopods, i.e. like fine threads that can branch or anastomose (meaning they can form links with each other) to create a dense network.[1]

Classification

[edit]

The classification of the genus, as revised in 2017, identifies 23 species along with some subspecies:[1]

Excluded taxa

[edit]

Several taxa previously accredited to Cryptodifflugia or Difflugiella have been excluded from the 2017 revision:[1]

  • Difflugiella heynigi Schönborn, 1965 and Cryptodifflugia lamingerae Chardez, 1977 do not match the description of the genus because they are larger and characterized by an apical aboral end of the shell and a prominent long neck with collar; it is possible that these two species will soon be included in the genus Chardezia instead.
  • Cryptodifflugia sakotschawi and C. kelensis were mentioned by Tarnogradsky in 1945 but their descriptions were never published.
  • Cryptodifflugia turfacea Zacharias, 1903 and C. vanhoornei Beyens et Chardez, 1987 are thought to be more probably a different genus because they're characterized by a retort-shaped shell.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Bobrov, Anatoly; Mazei, Yuri (2017). "A review of testate amoeba genus Cryptodifflugia Penard, 1890 (Phryganellina: Cryptodifflugiidae) with a key to species". Zootaxa. 4282 (2): 292–308. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4282.2.4.
  2. ^ "Cryptodifflugia". Retrieved 2009-06-26.
  3. ^ "Difflugiella collum Chardez 1971". WoRMS. 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
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