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{{Infobox Person
{{Infobox person
|name = Luther Halsey Gulick
|name = Luther Halsey Gulick
|image = Luther Halset Gulick Sr. and Louisa Lewis.jpg
|image = Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. and Louisa Lewis.jpg
|image_size = 170px
|caption = Luther Halsey and Louisa Lewis Gulick
|caption = Luther Halsey and Louisa Lewis Gulick
|birth_date = {{birth date|1828|6|10}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|1828|6|10}}
|birth_place = [[Honolulu]], [[Kingdom of Hawaii]]
|birth_place = [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaiian Kingdom]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1891|4|8|1828|6|10}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|1891|4|8|1828|6|10}}
|death_place = [[Springfield, Massachusetts]]
|death_place = [[Springfield, Massachusetts]], US
|spouse = Louisa Lewis
|spouse = Louisa Lewis
|children = [[Sidney Gulick|Sidney Lewis Gulick]] <br> [[Luther Gulick (physician)|Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.]] <br> Frances Gulick Jewett <br> + others
|children = [[Sidney Gulick|Sidney Lewis Gulick]] <br> [[Luther Gulick (physician)|Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.]] <br> Frances Gulick Jewett <br> + others
|parents = [[Peter Johnson Gulick]] <br> Fanny Hinckley Thomas
|parents = [[Peter Johnson Gulick]] <be> [[Fanny Gulick|Fanny Hinckley Thomas]]
|occupation = Missionary
|occupation = Missionary
|nationality =
|nationality =
}}
}}
'''Luther Halsey Gulick Sr.''' (1828–1891) was a missionary to the [[Kingdom of Hawaii]], and several other places. Although educated in medicine, in later life he became a newspaper editor while several of his children became active in public health.
'''Luther Halsey Gulick Sr.''' (June 10, 1828 – April 8, 1891) was a missionary to the [[Hawaiian Kingdom ]], and several other places. Although educated in medicine, in later life he became a newspaper editor while several of his children became active in public health.


==Life==
==Life==
Luther Halsey Gulick was born in Honolulu on June 10, 1828.
Luther Halsey Gulick, generally known as "Halsey", was born in Honolulu on June 10, 1828.
His father was [[Peter Johnson Gulick]] (1796–1877) and mother was Fanny Hinckley Thomas (1798–1883), of the [[American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions]].<ref name="port">{{cite book |title=Portraits of American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii |author= Hawaiian Mission Children's Society |url= http://www.archive.org/details/portraitsofameri00hawarich |year=1901 |city=Honolulu |publisher=Hawaiian gazette co. |page=}}</ref>{{rp|24}}
His father was [[Peter Johnson Gulick]] (1796–1877) and mother was [[Fanny Gulick|Fanny Hinckley Thomas]] (1798–1883), of the [[American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions]].<ref name="port">{{cite book |title=Portraits of American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii |author= Hawaiian Mission Children's Society |url= https://archive.org/details/portraitsofameri00hawarich |year=1901 |location=Honolulu |publisher=Hawaiian gazette co. }}</ref>{{rp|24}}
He grew up on the island of [[Kauai|kaua{{okina}}i]] generally known as "Halsey".
He grew up on the island of [[Kauai|Kaua{{okina}}i]].
On October 2, 1840 (only 12 years old) he traveled around [[Cape Horn]] to [[New England]] on a [[whaleship]], arriving May 28, 1841.
On October 2, 1840 (only 12 years old) he traveled around [[Cape Horn]] to [[New England]] on a [[whaleship]], arriving May 28, 1841.
He lived with an aunt and uncle in [[New Jersey]], and then stayed with Luther Halsey (1794–1880, for whom he was named), a classmate of his father's at [[Princeton University]] who was now a professor at the [[Auburn Theological Seminary]].
He lived with an aunt and uncle in [[New Jersey]], and then stayed with Luther Halsey (1794–1880, for whom he was named), a classmate of his father's at [[Princeton University]] who was now a professor at the [[Auburn Theological Seminary]].
He attended school in [[New Jersey]] from 1846 through 1847, and graduated from [[New York University]] medical school in 1850.<ref name="bio">{{cite book |title= Luther Halsey Gulick: missionary in Hawaii, Micronesia, Japan, and China |author= Frances Gulick Jewett |publisher=Congregational Sunday-School and Publishing Society |year= 1895 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=Cis3AAAAMAAJ }} (author is daughter of Luther Halsey Gulick)</ref>
He attended school in [[New Jersey]] from 1846 through 1847, and graduated from [[New York University]] medical school in 1850.<ref name="bio">{{cite book |title= Luther Halsey Gulick: missionary in Hawaii, Micronesia, Japan, and China |author= Frances Gulick Jewett |publisher=Congregational Sunday-School and Publishing Society |year= 1895 |url= https://archive.org/details/lutherhalseygul00socigoog }} (author is daughter of Luther Halsey Gulick)</ref>


Gulick married Louisa Lewis October 29, 1850, and was ordained in October 1851.
Gulick married Louisa Lewis October 29, 1850, and was ordained in October 1851.
They sailed back to Hawaii and then to [[Micronesia]] where they served as missionaries until 1859. They moved to [[Ebon Atoll]] in the [[Marshall Islands]], and then traveled back to the United States for a lecture tour in 1862 and 1863.
They sailed back to Hawaii and then to [[Micronesia]] where they served as missionaries until 1859. They moved to [[Ebon Atoll]] in the [[Marshall Islands]], and then traveled back to the United States for a lecture tour in 1862 and 1863.
Returning again to Hawaii in 1864 he served as head of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association.
Returning again to Hawaii in 1864 he served as head of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association.
He was convinced to do this by [[Rufus Anderson]], head of foreign missions for ABCFM, who wanted to make the missions more self-sustaining.<ref name="god">{{cite news |url= http://hdl.handle.net/10524/368 |title= God vs. Sugar: the Gulick Brothers' Fight Against King Kamehameha V and the Sugar Planters in Hawai'i, 1864 - 1870 |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 37 |author= Clifford Putney |year= 2003 |pages= 63–89 |accessdate=May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
He was convinced to do this by [[Rufus Anderson]], head of foreign missions for ABCFM, who wanted to make the missions more self-sustaining.<ref name="god">{{cite news |hdl= 10524/368 |title= God vs. Sugar: the Gulick Brothers' Fight Against King Kamehameha V and the Sugar Planters in Hawai'i, 1864 - 1870 |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 37 |author= Clifford Putney |year= 2003 |pages= 63–89}}</ref>


Louisa founded a female school in her home called the Kawaiaha{{okina}}o Seminary for Girls,<ref name="friend">{{cite news |title= Rev. Luther Halsey Gulick, MD |work= The Chinese recorder |volume= 22 |pages= 237–238 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=iM4WAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA327 }} (reprinted from ''The Friend'' May, 1891)</ref> which later became part of the [[Mid-Pacific Institute]].<ref>{{cite web |title=High School: a Different Approach |work= Mid-Pacific Institute web site |url= http://www.midpac.edu/hs/about.php |accessdate=May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Louisa founded a female school in her home called the Kawaiaha{{okina}}o Seminary for Girls,<ref name="friend">{{cite news |title= Rev. Luther Halsey Gulick, MD |work= The Chinese recorder |year= 1891 |volume= 22 |pages= 237–238 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iM4WAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA327 }} (reprinted from ''The Friend'' May, 1891)</ref> which later became part of the [[Mid-Pacific Institute]].<ref>{{cite web |title=High School: a Different Approach |work= Mid-Pacific Institute web site |url= http://www.midpac.edu/hs/about.php |access-date=May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Gulick became a trustee of [[Punahou School]] during this time.<ref>{{cite book |title= Punahou jubilee celebration, June 25–26, 1891 |year= 1891 |page=124 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=JxZMAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA124 }}</ref>
Gulick became a trustee of [[Punahou School]] during this time.<ref>{{cite book |title= Punahou jubilee celebration, June 25–26, 1891 |year= 1891 |page=124 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=JxZMAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA124 |last1= School |first1= Punahou }}</ref>


His family was considered more [[Liberalism|liberal]] than other missionaries, which caused friction in his new role.
His family was considered more [[Liberalism|liberal]] than other missionaries, which caused friction in his new role.
His younger brother [[J. T. Gulick|John Thomas Gulick]] (1832–1923) for example worked with [[Charles Darwin]] developing the study of [[evolution]].
His younger brother [[J. T. Gulick|John Thomas Gulick]] (1832–1923) for example worked with [[Charles Darwin]] developing the study of [[evolution]].
Another younger brother Orramel Gulick became active in politics, opposing the [[1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii]] which only allowed property holders to vote. The Gulick brothers advocated the retirement of older white missionaries to be replaced by [[native Hawaiians]]. They also protested the labor system of [[sugar plantations in Hawaii]] that seemed to resemble the slavery that resulted in the [[American Civil War]]. However, the war had proven good business for some former missionaries such as [[Samuel Northrup Castle]] who profited from the increased demand for sugar.<ref name="god"/>
Another younger brother Orramel Gulick became active in politics, opposing the [[1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii]] which only allowed property holders to vote. The Gulick brothers advocated the retirement of older white missionaries to be replaced by [[native Hawaiians]]. They also protested the labor system of [[sugarcane]] [[Sugar plantations in Hawaii|plantations in Hawaii]] that seemed to resemble the slavery that resulted in the [[American Civil War]]. However, the war had proven good business for some former missionaries such as [[Samuel Northrup Castle]] who profited from the increased demand for sugar.<ref name="god"/>


Gulick became editor of the [[Hawaiian language]] newspaper ''Ka Hoku Loa'' and then ''Ka Nupepa Kū{{okina}}oko{{okina}}a'' ("the independent newspaper") for publisher [[Henry M. Whitney]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Background and historical significance of Ka Nupea Kuokoa |author= Joan Hori |work= Special Collections, Hamilton Library |publisher= [[University of Hawaii at Manoa]] |url= http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/nupepa_kuokoa/kuokoa_htm/kuokoa.html |accessdate= February 23, 2011 }}</ref> His editorials attacked the government of King [[Kamehameha V]] which he considered a step backwards to [[absolute monarchy]]. He convinced Hawaiian historians such as [[Samuel Kamakau]] and [[John Papa Ii|John Papa ʻĪʻī]] to write articles on the culture that was disappearing under a government program to make the English language exclusive in the schools.
Gulick became editor of the [[Hawaiian language]] newspaper ''Ka Hoku Loa'' and then ''Ka Nupepa Kū{{okina}}oko{{okina}}a'' ("the independent newspaper") for publisher [[Henry Martyn Whitney]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Background and historical significance of Ka Nupea Kuokoa |author= Joan Hori |work= Special Collections, Hamilton Library |publisher= [[University of Hawaii at Manoa]] |url= http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/nupepa_kuokoa/kuokoa_htm/kuokoa.html |access-date= February 23, 2011 }}</ref> His editorials attacked the government of King [[Kamehameha V]] which he considered a step backwards to [[absolute monarchy]]. He convinced Hawaiian historians such as [[Samuel Kamakau]] and [[John Papa ʻĪʻī]] to write articles on the culture that was disappearing under a government program to make the English language exclusive in the schools.
He attacked Anglican Bishop [[Thomas Nettleship Staley]] and Board of Education member [[Charles de Varigny]] (a French Catholic) for aligning the Hawaiian government with old Europe and what he considered unreformed churches. The government issued a warrant for his arrest because of his editorials calling the legislature "parasites". He was released with a reprimand because no law could be found that he had broken.<ref name="bio"/>
He attacked Anglican Bishop [[Thomas Nettleship Staley]] and Board of Education member [[Charles de Varigny]] (a French Catholic) for aligning the Hawaiian government with old Europe and what he considered unreformed churches. The government issued a warrant for his arrest because of his editorials calling the legislature "parasites". He was released with a reprimand because no law could be found that he had broken.<ref name="bio"/>


The new head of ABCFM missions criticized the Gulicks for meddling in politics.
The new head of ABCFM missions criticized the Gulicks for meddling in politics.
To avoid further conflict Orramel resigned in June 1869 and moved to [[Osaka, Japan]].<ref name="god"/>
To avoid further conflict Orramel resigned in June 1869 and moved to [[Osaka, Japan]].<ref name="god"/>
In February 1870 Luther also left Hawaii, and returned to New England. In 1871 he became a missionary to [[Roman Catholic]]s in [[Italy]], and joined his brothers William and Thomas in [[Spain]]. In 1874 he toured missions in [[Turkey]] and then traveled to [[Japan]] and [[China]]. In [[Shanghai]] he edited a newspaper called ''The Chinese Recorder''.<ref name="friend"/><ref>{{cite news |title= Missionary News |work= Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal |date= November–December 1884 |page= 478 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=aMwWAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA478 }}</ref>
In February 1870 Luther also left Hawaii, and returned to New England. In 1871 he became a missionary to [[Roman Catholic]]s in [[Italy]], and joined his brothers William and Thomas in [[Spain]]. In 1874 he toured missions in [[Turkey]] and then traveled to [[Japan]] and [[China]]. In [[Shanghai]] he edited a newspaper called ''[[The Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal]]''.<ref name="friend"/><ref>{{cite news |title= Missionary News |work= Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal |date= November–December 1884 |page= 478 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aMwWAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA478 }}</ref>


==Family==
==Family==
The Gulicks had eight biological children and adopted one child.<ref name="port"/>{{rp|92}}
The Gulicks had eight biological children and adopted one child.<ref name="port"/>{{rp|92}}
Daughter Sarah Frances Gulick (1854–1937) married Professor Frank Fanning Jewett (1844–1926) of [[Oberlin College]] on July 30, 1880. She published several books on public health under the name Frances Gulick Jewett.<ref>{{cite web |title= Sarah Frances Gulick Jewett (1854-1937) |work= Oberlin College web site |url= http://www.oberlin.edu/external/EOG/womenshist/Jewett.html |accessdate = May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Daughter Sarah Frances Gulick (1854–1937) married Professor Frank Fanning Jewett (1844–1926) of [[Oberlin College]] on July 30, 1880. She published numerous books on health and hygiene under the name [[Frances Gulick Jewett]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Sarah Frances Gulick Jewett (1854-1937) |work= Oberlin College web site |url= http://www.oberlin.edu/external/EOG/womenshist/Jewett.html |access-date = May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Their house became part of the [[Oberlin Heritage Center]].<ref>{{cite web |title= A Brief Overview of the History of the Oberlin Historical and Improvement Organization |work= Oberlin Heritage Center web site |date= April 2009 |url= http://www.oberlinheritage.org/cms/files/File/History%20Sheet.pdf |accessdate = May 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Their house became part of the [[Oberlin Heritage Center]].<ref>{{cite web |title= A Brief Overview of the History of the Oberlin Historical and Improvement Organization |work= Oberlin Heritage Center web site |date= April 2009 |url= http://www.oberlinheritage.org/cms/files/File/History%20Sheet.pdf |access-date = May 18, 2010 }}</ref>


Their son [[Sidney Gulick|Sidney Lewis Gulick]] (1860–1945) was a minister in Japan and educator in the US. Sidney's son also named [[Luther Gulick (social scientist)|Luther Halsey Gulick]] (1892–1993) was a social scientist.
Their son [[Sidney Gulick|Sidney Lewis Gulick]] (1860–1945) was a minister in Japan and educator in the US. Sidney's son also named [[Luther Gulick (social scientist)|Luther Halsey Gulick]] (1892–1993) was a social scientist.


Their son [[Luther Gulick (physician)|Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.]] (1865–1918) was a physician who founded [[Camp Fire USA|Camp Fire Girls]] and supervised the invention of [[basketball]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Luther and Charlotte Gulick |date= August 24, 2002 |publisher= Kansas State University |url= http://www.hfrr.ksu.edu/DesktopModules/ViewDocument.aspx?DocumentID=2120 |accessdate= May 7, 2010 }}</ref> He was inducted into the [[Basketball Hall of Fame]] when it opened in 1959.<ref>{{cite web |title= Luther H. Gulick |work= Basketball Hall of Fame profile |url= http://www.hoophall.com/hall-of-famers/tag/luther-h-gulick |accessdate= May 7, 2010 }}</ref>
Their son [[Luther Gulick (physician)|Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.]] (1865–1918) was a medical doctor who founded [[Camp Fire Girls]] and supervised the invention of [[basketball]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Luther and Charlotte Gulick |date= August 24, 2002 |publisher= Kansas State University |url= http://www.hfrr.ksu.edu/DesktopModules/ViewDocument.aspx?DocumentID=2120 |access-date= May 7, 2010 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110719225812/http://www.hfrr.ksu.edu/DesktopModules/ViewDocument.aspx?DocumentID=2120 |archive-date= July 19, 2011 }}</ref> He was inducted into the [[Basketball Hall of Fame]] when it opened in 1959.<ref>{{cite web|title=Luther H. Gulick |work=Basketball Hall of Fame profile |url=http://www.hoophall.com/hall-of-famers/tag/luther-h-gulick |access-date=May 7, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831072446/http://www.hoophall.com/hall-of-famers/tag/luther-h-gulick |archive-date=August 31, 2009 }}</ref>
Luther Jr.'s daughter [[Frances Gulick]] (1891–1936) operated a canteen for servicemen near the front lines of [[World War I]].<ref>{{Find a Grave |49392569 |Frances Jewett Gulick |accessdate= November 30, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Katherine Mayo |publisher =Bibliographical Center for Research |title='That Damn Y' a Record of Overseas Service |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=OFx0Lc4IQOYC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118 |page= 118 |accessdate = May 7, 2010 }}</ref>
Luther Jr.'s daughter [[Frances Gulick]] (1891–1936) operated a canteen for servicemen near the front lines of [[World War I]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Katherine Mayo |publisher =Bibliographical Center for Research |title='That Damn Y' a Record of Overseas Service |date =May 2009 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OFx0Lc4IQOYC&pg=PA118 |page= 118 |isbn =9781110810208 |access-date = May 7, 2010 }}</ref>


Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. died on April 8, 1891 at his son Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.'s camp in [[Springfield, Massachusetts]].
Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. died on April 8, 1891, at his son Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.'s camp in [[Springfield, Massachusetts]].


===Family tree===
===Family tree===
Line 62: Line 61:


{{Christianity in Hawaii}}
{{Christianity in Hawaii}}
{{Authority control}}


⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gulick, Luther Halsey Sr.}}
{{Persondata
|NAME = Gulick, Luther Halsey, Sr.
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
|SHORT DESCRIPTION = American missionary
|DATE OF BIRTH =June 10, 1828
|PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Honolulu]], [[Kingdom of Hawaii]]
|DATE OF DEATH =April 8, 1891
|PLACE OF DEATH =[[Springfield, Massachusetts]]
}}
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gulick, Luther Halsey, Sr.}}
[[Category:1828 births]]
[[Category:1828 births]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:American missionaries]]
[[Category:People from Honolulu]]
[[Category:New York University School of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Editors of Hawaii newspapers]]
[[Category:American Congregationalist missionaries]]
[[Category:New York University Grossman School of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Congregationalist missionaries in Hawaii]]
[[Category:Congregationalist missionaries in the Marshall Islands]]
[[Category:Congregationalist missionaries in the Federated States of Micronesia]]
[[Category:American expatriates in Italy]]
[[Category:American expatriates in Spain]]
[[Category:American expatriates in China]]
[[Category:American expatriates in the Hawaiian Kingdom]]

Latest revision as of 17:08, 14 July 2023

Luther Halsey Gulick
Luther Halsey and Louisa Lewis Gulick
Born(1828-06-10)June 10, 1828
Honolulu, Hawaiian Kingdom
DiedApril 8, 1891(1891-04-08) (aged 62)
Springfield, Massachusetts, US
OccupationMissionary
SpouseLouisa Lewis
ChildrenSidney Lewis Gulick
Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.
Frances Gulick Jewett
+ others
ParentPeter Johnson Gulick <be> Fanny Hinckley Thomas

Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. (June 10, 1828 – April 8, 1891) was a missionary to the Hawaiian Kingdom , and several other places. Although educated in medicine, in later life he became a newspaper editor while several of his children became active in public health.

Leben

[edit]

Luther Halsey Gulick, generally known as "Halsey", was born in Honolulu on June 10, 1828. His father was Peter Johnson Gulick (1796–1877) and mother was Fanny Hinckley Thomas (1798–1883), of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.[1]: 24  He grew up on the island of Kauaʻi. On October 2, 1840 (only 12 years old) he traveled around Cape Horn to New England on a whaleship, arriving May 28, 1841. He lived with an aunt and uncle in New Jersey, and then stayed with Luther Halsey (1794–1880, for whom he was named), a classmate of his father's at Princeton University who was now a professor at the Auburn Theological Seminary. He attended school in New Jersey from 1846 through 1847, and graduated from New York University medical school in 1850.[2]

Gulick married Louisa Lewis October 29, 1850, and was ordained in October 1851. They sailed back to Hawaii and then to Micronesia where they served as missionaries until 1859. They moved to Ebon Atoll in the Marshall Islands, and then traveled back to the United States for a lecture tour in 1862 and 1863. Returning again to Hawaii in 1864 he served as head of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association. He was convinced to do this by Rufus Anderson, head of foreign missions for ABCFM, who wanted to make the missions more self-sustaining.[3]

Louisa founded a female school in her home called the Kawaiahaʻo Seminary for Girls,[4] which later became part of the Mid-Pacific Institute.[5] Gulick became a trustee of Punahou School during this time.[6]

His family was considered more liberal than other missionaries, which caused friction in his new role. His younger brother John Thomas Gulick (1832–1923) for example worked with Charles Darwin developing the study of evolution. Another younger brother Orramel Gulick became active in politics, opposing the 1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii which only allowed property holders to vote. The Gulick brothers advocated the retirement of older white missionaries to be replaced by native Hawaiians. They also protested the labor system of sugarcane plantations in Hawaii that seemed to resemble the slavery that resulted in the American Civil War. However, the war had proven good business for some former missionaries such as Samuel Northrup Castle who profited from the increased demand for sugar.[3]

Gulick became editor of the Hawaiian language newspaper Ka Hoku Loa and then Ka Nupepa Kūʻokoʻa ("the independent newspaper") for publisher Henry Martyn Whitney.[7] His editorials attacked the government of King Kamehameha V which he considered a step backwards to absolute monarchy. He convinced Hawaiian historians such as Samuel Kamakau and John Papa ʻĪʻī to write articles on the culture that was disappearing under a government program to make the English language exclusive in the schools. He attacked Anglican Bishop Thomas Nettleship Staley and Board of Education member Charles de Varigny (a French Catholic) for aligning the Hawaiian government with old Europe and what he considered unreformed churches. The government issued a warrant for his arrest because of his editorials calling the legislature "parasites". He was released with a reprimand because no law could be found that he had broken.[2]

The new head of ABCFM missions criticized the Gulicks for meddling in politics. To avoid further conflict Orramel resigned in June 1869 and moved to Osaka, Japan.[3] In February 1870 Luther also left Hawaii, and returned to New England. In 1871 he became a missionary to Roman Catholics in Italy, and joined his brothers William and Thomas in Spain. In 1874 he toured missions in Turkey and then traveled to Japan and China. In Shanghai he edited a newspaper called The Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal.[4][8]

Family

[edit]

The Gulicks had eight biological children and adopted one child.[1]: 92  Daughter Sarah Frances Gulick (1854–1937) married Professor Frank Fanning Jewett (1844–1926) of Oberlin College on July 30, 1880. She published numerous books on health and hygiene under the name Frances Gulick Jewett.[9] Their house became part of the Oberlin Heritage Center.[10]

Their son Sidney Lewis Gulick (1860–1945) was a minister in Japan and educator in the US. Sidney's son also named Luther Halsey Gulick (1892–1993) was a social scientist.

Their son Luther Halsey Gulick Jr. (1865–1918) was a medical doctor who founded Camp Fire Girls and supervised the invention of basketball.[11] He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame when it opened in 1959.[12] Luther Jr.'s daughter Frances Gulick (1891–1936) operated a canteen for servicemen near the front lines of World War I.[13]

Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. died on April 8, 1891, at his son Luther Halsey Gulick Jr.'s camp in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Family tree

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1901). Portraits of American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii. Honolulu: Hawaiian gazette co.
  2. ^ a b Frances Gulick Jewett (1895). Luther Halsey Gulick: missionary in Hawaii, Micronesia, Japan, and China. Congregational Sunday-School and Publishing Society. (author is daughter of Luther Halsey Gulick)
  3. ^ a b c Clifford Putney (2003). "God vs. Sugar: the Gulick Brothers' Fight Against King Kamehameha V and the Sugar Planters in Hawai'i, 1864 - 1870". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol. 37. Hawaii Historical Society. pp. 63–89. hdl:10524/368.
  4. ^ a b "Rev. Luther Halsey Gulick, MD". The Chinese recorder. Vol. 22. 1891. pp. 237–238. (reprinted from The Friend May, 1891)
  5. ^ "High School: a Different Approach". Mid-Pacific Institute web site. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
  6. ^ School, Punahou (1891). Punahou jubilee celebration, June 25–26, 1891. p. 124.
  7. ^ Joan Hori. "Background and historical significance of Ka Nupea Kuokoa". Special Collections, Hamilton Library. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  8. ^ "Missionary News". Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal. November–December 1884. p. 478.
  9. ^ "Sarah Frances Gulick Jewett (1854-1937)". Oberlin College web site. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
  10. ^ "A Brief Overview of the History of the Oberlin Historical and Improvement Organization" (PDF). Oberlin Heritage Center web site. April 2009. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
  11. ^ "Luther and Charlotte Gulick". Kansas State University. August 24, 2002. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2010.
  12. ^ "Luther H. Gulick". Basketball Hall of Fame profile. Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2010.
  13. ^ Katherine Mayo (May 2009). 'That Damn Y' a Record of Overseas Service. Bibliographical Center for Research. p. 118. ISBN 9781110810208. Retrieved May 7, 2010.
  14. ^ Putney, Clifford (2010). Missionaries in Hawai'i: The Lives of Peter and Fanny Gulick, 17971883. University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 978-1-55849-735-1.
  15. ^ Jewett, Frances Gulick (1895). Luther Halsey Gulick: Missionary in Hawaii, Micronesia, Japan, and China. Congregational Sunday-School and Publishing Society.
  16. ^ "Sidney Gulick Densho Encyclopedia". encyclopedia.densho.org. Retrieved 2020-04-06.
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