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Coordinates: 35°12′N 111°24′W / 35.200°N 111.400°W / 35.200; -111.400
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{{short description|Archaeological site in Arizona, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}

{{Infobox NRHP
{{Infobox NRHP
| name =Winona Site
| name = Winona Site
| nrhp_type =nhld
| nrhp_type = nhld
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| nearest_city= [[Winona, Arizona]]
| nearest_city = [[Winona, Arizona]]
| locmapin = Arizona#USA
| locmapin = Arizona#USA
| coordinates = {{coord|35|12|N|111|24|W|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|35|12|N|111|24|W|display=inline,title}}
| area =
| area =
| architect=
| architect =
| architecture=
| architecture =
| designated_nrhp_type= July 19, 1964<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=91&ResourceType=District
| designated_nrhp_type = July 19, 1964<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=91&ResourceType=District
|title=Winona Site |accessdate=2007-09-27|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
|title=Winona Site |accessdate=2007-09-27|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
| added = October 15, 1966<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
| added = October 15, 1966<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
⚫
| refnum = 66000177
| governing_body = [[U.S. Forest Service]]
⚫
| refnum=66000177
}}
}}


The '''Winona Site''' is a complex of archaeological sites in [[Coconino County, Arizona|Coconino County]] in the state of [[Arizona]], within the [[Coconino National Forest]]. It is located near [[Sunset Crater]], which erupted in 1066. Cultural changes following this eruption are evidenced by findings at this site. It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1964.<ref name="nhlsum"/>
The '''Winona Site''' is a complex of archaeological sites in [[Coconino County, Arizona|Coconino County]] in the state of [[Arizona]], within the [[Coconino National Forest]]. It is located near [[Sunset Crater]], which erupted in 1066. Cultural changes following this eruption are evidenced by findings at this site. It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1964.<ref name="nhlsum"/>


The Winona Site was first investigated formally in the 1940s by John McGregor, an archaeologist affiliated with the [[University of Illinois]]. McGregor excavated six pit houses with architectural features distinctive of the [[Hohokam]] people of the 10th century. He theorized that the Hohokam, more typically found further to the south, came to this area by the fertility of the landscape created by the eruptions of the crater. In addition to the pit houses, McGregor uncovered trash mounds and a [[ball court]]. Pottery finds at the site were also characteristically Hohokam in their color, decoration, and design.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://npshistory.com/series/anthropology/wacc/4/report.pdf|title=Walnut Canyon National Monument: An Archeological Overview|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref>
The Winona Site was first investigated formally in the 1940s by John McGregor, an archaeologist affiliated with the [[Museum of Northern Arizona]]. McGregor excavated six pit houses with architectural features distinctive of the [[Hohokam]] people of the 10th century. He theorized that the Hohokam, more typically found further to the south, migrated to this area by the fertility of the landscape created by the eruptions of the crater. In addition to the pit houses, McGregor uncovered trash mounds and a [[ball court]]. Pottery finds at the site were also characteristically Hohokam in their color, decoration, and design.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://npshistory.com/series/anthropology/wacc/4/report.pdf|title=Walnut Canyon National Monument: An Archeological Overview|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2020-02-23}}</ref>


Subsequent researchers have cast some doubt on the initial theories put forward by McGregor, suggesting instead that the site was primarily a trading site, rather than a permanent relocation. Additional finds at the site are more typical of the [[Sinagua]] people who dominated the surrounding area, including Sinagua-style pottery and a number of human remains buried in manners associated with known Sinagua practices. There were also shell fragments, consistent with being [[debitage]] left over from the manufacture of jewelry. The source of the shells appears to have been the [[Gulf of California]], an area the Hohokam had access to.<ref>{{cite journal|last=O'Shea|first=F. Michael|title=Red-on-Buff North of the Mogollon Rim: A Comparative Analysis and Cultural Assessment |date=May 1998}}</ref>
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==References==
⚫
{{reflist}}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Coconino County, Arizona]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Coconino County, Arizona]]
*[[List of National Historic Landmarks in Arizona]]
* [[List of National Historic Landmarks in Arizona]]

⚫
==References==
⚫
{{reflist}}


{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
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[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Coconino County, Arizona]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Coconino County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Historic districts in Arizona]]
[[Category:Historic districts in Arizona]]

{{Arizona-NRHP-stub}}

Latest revision as of 05:40, 10 August 2023

Winona Site
Winona Site is located in Arizona
Winona Site
Winona Site is located in the United States
Winona Site
Nearest cityWinona, Arizona
Coordinates35°12′N 111°24′W / 35.200°N 111.400°W / 35.200; -111.400
NRHP reference No.66000177
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966[1]
Designated NHLDJuly 19, 1964[2]

The Winona Site is a complex of archaeological sites in Coconino County in the state of Arizona, within the Coconino National Forest. It is located near Sunset Crater, which erupted in 1066. Cultural changes following this eruption are evidenced by findings at this site. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.[2]

The Winona Site was first investigated formally in the 1940s by John McGregor, an archaeologist affiliated with the Museum of Northern Arizona. McGregor excavated six pit houses with architectural features distinctive of the Hohokam people of the 10th century. He theorized that the Hohokam, more typically found further to the south, migrated to this area by the fertility of the landscape created by the eruptions of the crater. In addition to the pit houses, McGregor uncovered trash mounds and a ball court. Pottery finds at the site were also characteristically Hohokam in their color, decoration, and design.[3]

Subsequent researchers have cast some doubt on the initial theories put forward by McGregor, suggesting instead that the site was primarily a trading site, rather than a permanent relocation. Additional finds at the site are more typical of the Sinagua people who dominated the surrounding area, including Sinagua-style pottery and a number of human remains buried in manners associated with known Sinagua practices. There were also shell fragments, consistent with being debitage left over from the manufacture of jewelry. The source of the shells appears to have been the Gulf of California, an area the Hohokam had access to.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. ^ a b "Winona Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved September 27, 2007.
  3. ^ "Walnut Canyon National Monument: An Archeological Overview" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved February 23, 2020.
  4. ^ O'Shea, F. Michael (May 1998). "Red-on-Buff North of the Mogollon Rim: A Comparative Analysis and Cultural Assessment". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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