Redcliffe, Bristol: Difference between revisions

Redcliffe
Redcliffe
	Redcliffe Location within Bristol
OS grid reference	ST 591 722
Unitary authority	Bristol;
Ceremonial county	Bristol;
Region	South West;
Land	England
Sovereign state	Vereinigtes Königreich
Post town	BRISTOL
Postcode district	BS
Dialling code	0117
Police	Avon and Somerset
Fire	Avon
Ambulance	South Western
UK Parliament	Bristol West;
	List of places UK England Bristol 51°26′52″N 2°35′22″W / 51.4478°N 2.5895°W

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Redcliffe, also known as Redcliff, is a district of the English port city of Bristol, lying south-east of the city centre. It is bounded by the loop of the Floating Harbour (including Bathurst Basin) to the west, north and east, together with the New Cut of the River Avon to the south. Most of Redcliffe lies within the city ward of Lawrence Hill, although the westernmost section, including the cliffs and hill from which the area takes its name, is in Cabot ward.^[1]^[2] Bristol Temple Meads station is located in Redcliffe.

Redcliffe takes its name from the red sandstone cliffs which line the southern side of the Floating Harbour, behind Phoenix Wharf and Redcliffe Wharf. These cliffs are honey-combed with tunnels, known as the Redcliffe Caves, constructed both to extract sand for the local glass making industry and to act as store houses for goods. Part of the last remaining glass kiln in the area is now the Kiln Restaurant of the Ramada Bristol City Hotel in Redcliffe Way.^[3]^[4]

The parish church of St. Mary Redcliffe is one of Bristol's best known churches, with the spire at a height of 292 ft (90m) making it the second tallest building in the city.

History

Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of Bedminster, held by the Earls of Gloucester, divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. Rivalries existed between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those of Bristol. The only fixed crossing of the river was Bristol Bridge, although there were numerous ferries.

In the 12th century, Robert Fitzroy gave the Knights Templar part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons. This right passed, along with the fee, to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem after the suppression of the Templars.^[5]

Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include weaving, fulling and dyeing. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes, were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls.

In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in King Henry III's reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' (Broad Quay or St. Augustines Reach). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the River Frome through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built. In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed. To achieve this, the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.^[6]

A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in Gloucester, or Ilminster in Somerset.

In 1782 William Watts converted his house, near St Mary Redcliffe, into the world's first shot tower, in order to make lead shot by his innovative tower process. The Redcliffe Shot Tower remained a well-known feature of Redcliffe until 1968, when it was demolished to make way for road improvements, and shot manufacture transferred to the Cheese Lane Shot Tower on the banks of the Floating Harbour.^[7]

Notable residents

William II Canynges - merchant

A prospect of the great house in Redcliff Str. taken from the Back of Bristoll (1728)

References

^ "Future of Redcliffe - Supplementary Planning Document - Introduction". Bristol City Council. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
^ Ordnance Survey (2005). OS Explorer Map 155 - Bristol & Bath. ISBN 0-319-23609-9.
^ "The Caves - History". Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "Glassworks". Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Latimer, John (1908). "II". Sixteenth Century Bristol. Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith. pp. 16–17.
^ Manson, Michael (2000). Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas. Past and Present Press. ISBN 978-0-9532082-2-7.^{[page needed]}
^ Efstathios, Tsolis (10 March 2007). "An Awkward thing" (PDF). University of Bristol. Retrieved 20 March 2015.

External links

Map sources for Redcliffe, Bristol

[bccspd-1] "Future of Redcliffe - Supplementary Planning Document - Introduction". Bristol City Council. Retrieved 13 September 2016.

[osexp155-2] Ordnance Survey (2005). OS Explorer Map 155 - Bristol & Bath. ISBN 0-319-23609-9.

[cave1-3] "The Caves - History". Retrieved 19 June 2006.

[cave2-4] "Glassworks". Retrieved 19 June 2006.

[latimer_16th_century-5] Latimer, John (1908). "II". Sixteenth Century Bristol. Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith. pp. 16–17.

[manson-6] Manson, Michael (2000). Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas. Past and Present Press. ISBN 978-0-9532082-2-7.^{[page needed]}

[aat-7] Efstathios, Tsolis (10 March 2007). "An Awkward thing" (PDF). University of Bristol. Retrieved 20 March 2015.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
+{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}
 {{Infobox UK place
-|country = England
+| country                  = England
-|official_name= Redcliffe
+| official_name            = Redcliffe
+| coordinates              = {{coord|51.4478|-2.5895|display=inline,title}}
-|latitude= 51.4478
+| civil_parish             =
-|longitude= -2.5895
+| population               =
-|civil_parish=
+| unitary_england          = [[Bristol]]
-|population =
-|unitary_england= [[Bristol]]
+| lieutenancy_england      = [[Bristol]]
+| region                   = South West England
-|lieutenancy_england= [[Bristol]]
+| constituency_westminster = [[Bristol West (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol West]]
-|region= South West England
+| post_town                = BRISTOL
-|constituency_westminster= [[Bristol West (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol West]]
+| postcode_district        = BS
-|post_town= BRISTOL
+| postcode_area            = BS
-|postcode_district = BS
+| dial_code                = 0117
-|postcode_area= BS
+| os_grid_reference        = ST 591 722
-|dial_code= 0117
-|os_grid_reference= ST 591 722
 }}
-'''Redcliffe''', also known as '''Redcliff''', is a district of the [[England|English]] port city of [[Bristol]], adjoining [[Bristol city centre|the city centre]]. It is bounded by the loop of the [[Bristol Harbour|Floating Harbour]] (including ''Bathurst Basin'') to the west, north and east, the [[New Cut (Bristol)|New Cut]] of the [[River Avon, Bristol|River Avon]] to the south. Most of Redcliffe lies within the city ward of [[Lawrence Hill, Bristol|Lawrence Hill]], although the westernmost section, including the cliffs and hill from which the area takes its name, is in [[Cabot, Bristol|Cabot ward]].<ref name=bccspd>{{cite web | title = Future of Redcliffe - Supplementary Planning Document - Introduction | url = http://www.bristol-city.gov.uk/ccm/cms-service/stream/asset/?asset_id=4339002& | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070926235618/http://www.bristol-city.gov.uk/ccm/cms-service/stream/asset/?asset_id=4339002& | archivedate = 2007-09-26 | publisher = Bristol City Council | accessdate = June 19, 2006 }}</ref><ref name=osexp155>Ordnance Survey (2005). ''OS Explorer Map 155 - Bristol & Bath''. ISBN 0-319-23609-9.</ref> [[Bristol Temple Meads]] station is located in Redcliffe.
+'''Redcliffe''', also known as '''Redcliff''', is a district of the [[England|English]] port city of [[Bristol]], lying south-east of [[Bristol city centre|the city centre]]. It is bounded by the loop of the [[Bristol Harbour|Floating Harbour]] (including ''Bathurst Basin'') to the west, north and east, together with the [[New Cut (Bristol)|New Cut]] of the [[River Avon, Bristol|River Avon]] to the south. Most of Redcliffe lies within the city ward of [[Lawrence Hill, Bristol|Lawrence Hill]], although the westernmost section, including the cliffs and hill from which the area takes its name, is in [[Cabot, Bristol|Cabot ward]].<ref name=bccspd>{{cite web | title = Future of Redcliffe - Supplementary Planning Document - Introduction | url =https://www.bristol.gov.uk/documents/20182/34520/SPD3FutureOfRedcliffe_0_0.pdf/db35c3a6-3063-4509-a808-8a8cdfa9e76b | publisher = Bristol City Council | access-date = 13 September 2016 }}</ref><ref name=osexp155>Ordnance Survey (2005). ''OS Explorer Map 155 - Bristol & Bath''. {{ISBN|0-319-23609-9}}.</ref> [[Bristol Temple Meads railway station|Bristol Temple Meads station]] is located in Redcliffe.
-Redcliffe takes its name from the red sandstone cliffs which line the southern side of the Floating Harbour, behind ''Phoenix Wharf'' and ''Redcliffe Wharf''. These cliffs are honey-combed with tunnels constructed both to extract sand for the local [[glass|glass making]] industry and to act as store houses for goods. Part of the last remaining glass [[kiln]] in the area is now the Kiln Restaurant of the Ramada Bristol City Hotel in Redcliffe Way.<ref name=cave1>{{cite web | url = http://www.bristoltours.com/text_a.htm | title = The Caves - History | accessdate = June 19, 2006 }}</ref><ref name=cave2>{{cite web | url = http://www.bristoltours.com/text_g.htm | title = Glassworks | accessdate = June 19, 2006 }}</ref>
+Redcliffe takes its name from the [[sandstone|red sandstone]] cliffs which line the southern side of the Floating Harbour, behind ''Phoenix Wharf'' and ''Redcliffe Wharf''. These cliffs are honey-combed with tunnels, known as the [[Redcliffe Caves]], constructed both to extract sand for the local [[glass|glass making]] industry and to act as store houses for goods. Part of the last remaining glass [[kiln]] in the area is now the Kiln Restaurant of the Ramada Bristol City Hotel in Redcliffe Way.<ref name=cave1>{{cite web | url = http://www.bristoltours.com/text_a.htm | title = The Caves - History | access-date = 19 June 2006 }}</ref><ref name=cave2>{{cite web | url = http://www.bristoltours.com/text_g.htm | title = Glassworks | access-date = 19 June 2006 }}</ref>
-The parish church of [[St. Mary Redcliffe]] is one of Bristol's best known churches, with a spire soaring to a height of 292 ft (90m) making it the tallest building in the city.
+The parish church of [[St. Mary Redcliffe]] is one of Bristol's best known churches, with the spire at a height of 292 ft (90m) making it the second tallest building in the city.
 ==History==
-[[File:Redcliffe street 1825.jpg|thumb|left|''Redcliffe Street'', by [[James Johnson (artist)|James Johnson]], oil on canvas, c. 1825, showing the incomplete spire of St Mary Redcliffe looming above.|alt=People fill a shadowed street lined with shops and houses in a mixture of architectural styles, leading towards a sunlit church tower]]
+[[File:Redcliffe street 1825.jpg|thumb|left|''Redcliffe Street'', by [[James Johnson (English artist)|James Johnson]], oil on canvas, c. 1825, showing the incomplete spire of St Mary Redcliffe looming above.|alt=People fill a shadowed street lined with shops and houses in a mixture of architectural styles, leading towards a sunlit church tower]]
-[[File:uk bristol redcliffe.jpg|thumb|right|St Mary's church and surrounding modern development, seen from the [[Cabot Tower, Bristol|Cabot Tower]].|alt=A view looking down towards a tall church spire which rises high above the surrounding trees and large modern buildings, with rows of hillside housing in the distance]]
-Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of [[Bedminster, Bristol|Bedminster]], held by the earls of Gloucester, divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. There existed some rivalry between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those of Bristol.  The only fixed crossing of the river was [[Bristol Bridge]], although there were numerous ferries.
+Redcliffe was originally part of the manor of [[Bedminster, Bristol|Bedminster]], held by the [[Earl of Gloucester|Earls of Gloucester]], divided from Bristol by the river Avon. Relatively deep water alongside the outcrops of red sandstone upon which St Mary Redcliffe sits encouraged the development of wharves. Rivalries existed between residents and merchants of Redcliffe and those of Bristol. The only fixed crossing of the river was [[Bristol Bridge]], although there were numerous ferries.
-In the twelfth century Robert Fitzroy gave the [[Knights Templar]] part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons.  This right passed, along with the fee, to the [[knights of St. John of Jerusalem]] after the suppression of the Templars.<ref name="latimer 16th century">{{cite book|last=Latimer|first=John|title=Sixteenth Century Bristol|publisher=J. W. Arrowsmith|location=Bristol|year=1908|pages=16–17|chapter=II}}</ref>
+In the 12th century, Robert Fitzroy gave the [[Knights Templar]] part of Redcliffe, which then became known as Temple Fee. The Templars were granted the power to hold courts and execute felons. This right passed, along with the fee, to the [[Knights of St. John of Jerusalem]] after the suppression of the Templars.<ref name="latimer 16th century">{{cite book|last=Latimer|first=John|title=Sixteenth Century Bristol|url=https://archive.org/details/sixteenthcentury00latirich|publisher=J. W. Arrowsmith|location=Bristol|year=1908|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sixteenthcentury00latirich/page/16 16]–17|chapter=II}}</ref>
-Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include [[weaving]], [[fulling]], [[dyeing]]. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls.
+Early recorded industries in Redcliffe include [[weaving]], [[fulling]] and [[dyeing]]. It is likely that fulling and dyeing, which could be quite noxious processes, were not welcome within the town walls of Bristol and so were established here, nearby but outside the city walls.
-In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in [[Henry III of England|King Henry III]]'s reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' ([[Broad Quay]] or [[St. Augustines Reach]]). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the [[River Frome, Bristol|River Frome]] through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built.  In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed.  To achieve this the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.<ref name="manson">{{cite book|last=Manson|first=Michael|title=Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas|year=2000|publisher=Past and Present Press|isbn=978-0-9532082-2-7}}{{page needed|date=November 2010}}</ref>
+[[File:Map of Redcliffe in 1728.jpg|thumb|Map of Redcliffe in Bristol 1728]]
+In the 13th century Redcliffe and Bristol underwent a rapid expansion, in [[Henry III of England|King Henry III]]'s reign due to a 'major harbour improvement' (Broad Quay or St. Augustines Reach). This involved the construction of a 'Great Ditch' which formed a new course for the [[River Frome, Bristol|River Frome]] through St Augustine's Marsh. This provided more space for ships to moor and new quays were built. In the same period a stone bridge, Bristol Bridge, was constructed. To achieve this, the river Avon was diverted through Redcliffe, along the line of the 'Portwall' and solid stone foundations laid for the bridge, behind wattle and daub coffer dams. "The men of Redcliffe" were enjoined to help these projects by Henry III.<ref name="manson">{{cite book|last=Manson|first=Michael|title=Bristol Beyond the Bridge - the Turbulent History of Redcliffe, Temple and St Thomas|year=2000|publisher=Past and Present Press|isbn=978-0-9532082-2-7}}{{page needed|date=November 2010}}</ref>
-A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in [[Gloucester]] or [[Ilminster]] in [[Somerset]].
+[[File:uk bristol redcliffe.jpg|thumb|right|St Mary's church and surrounding modern development, seen from the [[Cabot Tower, Bristol|Cabot Tower]].|alt=A view looking down towards a tall church spire which rises high above the surrounding trees and large modern buildings, with rows of hillside housing in the distance]]
+A hundred years later, in 1373, Redcliffe became part of Bristol to become the city and county of Bristol. The granting of county status was important as it meant that legal disputes no longer had to be taken to courts in [[Gloucester]], or [[Ilminster]] in [[Somerset]].
-In 1782, [[William Watts (inventor)|William Watts]] converted his house, near St Mary Redcliffe, into the world's first [[shot tower]], in order to make [[lead shot]] by his innovative tower process. The [[Redcliffe Shot Tower]] remained a well-known feature of Redcliffe until 1968, when it was demolished to make way for road improvements, and shot manufacture transferred to the [[Cheese Lane Shot Tower]] on the banks of the [[Bristol Harbour|Floating Harbour]].<ref name=aat>{{cite web | url = http://efstathios.co.uk/Historical%20Archaeology/Shot_Tower_Standing%20Buildings%20Essay_Tsolis_E.pdf | first = Tsolis | last = Efstathios | publisher = University of Bristol | title = An Awkward thing | date = 2007-03-10 | accessdate = March 20, 2015}}</ref>
+In 1782 [[William Watts (inventor)|William Watts]] converted his house, near St Mary Redcliffe, into the world's first [[shot tower]], in order to make [[lead shot]] by his innovative [[Shot (pellet)#Manufacture|tower process]]. The [[Redcliffe Shot Tower]] remained a well-known feature of Redcliffe until 1968, when it was demolished to make way for road improvements, and shot manufacture transferred to the [[Cheese Lane Shot Tower]] on the banks of the [[Bristol Harbour|Floating Harbour]].<ref name=aat>{{cite web | url = http://efstathios.co.uk/Historical%20Archaeology/Shot_Tower_Standing%20Buildings%20Essay_Tsolis_E.pdf | first = Tsolis | last = Efstathios | publisher = University of Bristol | title = An Awkward thing | date = 2007-03-10 | access-date = 20 March 2015}}</ref>
 ==Notable residents==
 *[[William II Canynges]] - merchant
+[[File:Millerd1728dgreathouseredcliffe.jpg|thumb|A prospect of the great house in Redcliff Str. taken from the Back of Bristoll (1728)]]
 ==References==

v t e Subdivisions of Bristol
Parliament constituencies	Bristol Central Bristol East Bristol North East Bristol North West Bristol South
Wards	Ashley Avonmouth and Lawrence Weston Bedminster Bishopston and Ashley Down Bishopsworth Brislington East Brislington West Central Clifton Clifton Down Cotham Easton Eastville Filwood Frome Vale Hartcliffe and Withywood Henbury and Brentry Hengrove and Whitchurch Park Hillfields Horfield Hotwells and Harbourside Knowle Lawrence Hill Lockleaze Redland Southmead Southville St George Central St George Troopers Hill St George West Stockwood Stoke Bishop Westbury-on-Trym and Henleaze Windmill Hill See also: List of electoral wards in Bristol
Neighbourhoods	City centre Arnos Vale Ashley Down Ashton Gate Ashton Vale Avonmouth Baptist Mills Barton Hill Bedminster Bedminster Down Bishopston Bishopsworth Blaise Hamlet Bower Ashton Brentry Brislington Broadmead Broom Hill near Brislington Broomhill near Fishponds Canon's Marsh Chester Park Chittening Clifton Cliftonwood Coombe Dingle Cotham Crew's Hole Crofts End Easton Eastville Filwood Park Fishponds Golden Hill Greenbank Hartcliffe Headley Park Henbury Hengrove Henleaze Hillfields Horfield Hotwells Kensington Park Kingsdown Knowle Knowle West Lawrence Hill Lawrence Weston Lockleaze Lodge Hill Mayfield Park Monks Park Montpelier Old City Redcliffe Redfield Redland Sea Mills Shirehampton Sneyd Park Southmead Southville Speedwell Spike Island St Andrew's St Anne's St. George St. Jude's St. Paul's St Philip's Marsh St. Werburgh's Stapleton Stockwood Stoke Bishop Totterdown Tyndall's Park Upper Knowle Westbury-on-Trym Westbury Park Whitehall Windmill Hill Withywood The following suburbs are in the same urban area, but lie in South Gloucestershire or North Somerset: Bradley Stoke Conham Downend Emersons Green Filton Frenchay Hambrook Hanham Kingswood Little Stoke Longwell Green Mangotsfield Oldland Common Patchway Soundwell Staple Hill Stoke Gifford Warmley Whitchurch Willsbridge