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Alejandro Zohn (born Alexander Zohn;^[1] born 8 August 1930, in Vienna – 2000, in Guadalajara) was a Mexican architect. He was a Holocaust survivor who grew up in Western Mexico.

Alejandro Zohn studied at the Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico, graduating as an engineer in 1955 and as an architect in 1963. His abilities as an engineer are reflected in several bold and ingenious structures. Notable examples are the acoustic shell (1958) in Agua Azul Park, the Libertad Market (1959) and the 'Adolfo López Mateos' sports centre (1962), all in Guadalajara.

The market is especially noteworthy for its roof of hyperbolic paraboloids, which allow for wide areas without supports. He also built residential blocks, paying careful attention to details of interior functionality, the durability and maintenance of materials and residents’ individuality. The housing complex 'CTM-Atemajac' (1979), Guadalajara, is one of his main achievements in this area, comprising several buildings with brick facing, none more than five stories.

Among his numerous other designs in Guadalajara, the most notable are the Banco Refaccionario de Jalisco (1973), the Plaza del Sol, the 'Mulbar' shopping centre and car park and the Archivo del Estado de Jalisco building (1989). The latter is in exposed concrete and has a minimum of openings, emotional style and has affinities with the vernacular architecture of the Jalisco area.

References

^ "Wienarchitektur.at". Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2009-04-30.

External links

Wien Architektur Archived 2012-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
(in Spanish) Alejandro Zohn

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[1] "Wienarchitektur.at". Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2009-04-30.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Mexican architect}}
 {{expand Spanish|date=January 2023|topic=bio}}
-'''Alejandro Zohn''' (born '''Alexander Zohn''';<ref>[http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 Wienarchitektur.at]</ref> born 8 August 1930, in [[Vienna]] – 2000, in [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]]) was a Mexican [[architect]]. He was a Holocaust survivor who grew up in Western Mexico.
+'''Alejandro Zohn''' (born '''Alexander Zohn''';<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 |title=Wienarchitektur.at |access-date=2009-04-30 |archive-date=2012-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222231351/http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 |url-status=dead }}</ref> born 8 August 1930, in [[Vienna]] – 2000, in [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]]) was a Mexican [[architect]]. He was a Holocaust survivor who grew up in Western Mexico.
-Alejandro Zohn studied at the [[Universidad de Guadalajara]], Mexico, graduating as an [[engineer]] in 1955 and as an architect in 1963. His abilities as an engineer are reflected in several bold and ingenious structures. When architecture studies were available at the same university, he decided to study both at the same time, ending with the civil engineering degree in 1955 and the architecture degree in 1959 at the University of Guadalajara. Notable examples are the acoustic shell (1958) in Agua Azul Park, the [[San Juan de Dios Market|Libertad Market]] (1959) and the '[[Adolfo López Mateos]]' [[sports centre]] (1962), all in Guadalajara. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Hernández |first=S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KysLEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=alejandro+zohn&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjA9qiqmaf9AhVfLEQIHd03CmoQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=alejandro%20zohn&f=false |title=Eco-Architecture VIII: Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature |last2=Chias |first2=P. |date=2020-11-18 |publisher=WIT Press |isbn=978-1-78466-375-9 |language=en}}</ref>
+Alejandro Zohn studied at the [[Universidad de Guadalajara]], Mexico, graduating as an [[engineer]] in 1955 and as an architect in 1963. His abilities as an engineer are reflected in several bold and ingenious structures. Notable examples are the acoustic shell (1958) in Agua Azul Park, the [[San Juan de Dios Market|Libertad Market]] (1959) and the '[[Adolfo López Mateos]]' [[sports centre]] (1962), all in Guadalajara.
 The market is especially noteworthy for its roof of [[hyperbola|hyperbolic]] paraboloids, which allow for wide areas without supports. He also built residential blocks, paying careful attention to details of interior functionality, the durability and maintenance of materials and residents’ individuality. The housing complex 'CTM-Atemajac' (1979), Guadalajara, is one of his main achievements in this area, comprising several buildings with brick facing, none more than five stories.
+Among his numerous other designs in Guadalajara, the most notable are the [[Banco Refaccionario de Jalisco]] (1973), the [[Plaza del Sol (Mexico)|Plaza del Sol]], the 'Mulbar' [[shopping centre]] and car park and the [[Archivo del Estado de Jalisco]] building (1989). The latter is in exposed concrete and has a minimum of openings, emotional style and has affinities with the vernacular architecture of the [[Jalisco]] area.
-== Architectural style ==
-Alejandro Zohn's architectural style is distinguished by the use of mathematical precision and natural references to create a harmonious and one-of-a-kind shape and space. In his designs, he employs geometric forms such as paraboloids and hyperbolic paraboloids, which have the advantage of creating visual effects while also providing structural stability in space. Zohn's approach to architecture and background in artistic values are well known, lending depth to the design of his work. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agustí |first=Alfred Esteller |last2=Herrera Piñuelas |first2=Isamar A. |last3=De Insausti |first3=Adolfo Vigil |date=2021-11-13 |title=Alejandro Zohn’s Mathematical Design Process, Approach Through Three-Dimensional Analysis |url=https://www.witpress.com/elibrary/ei/4/4/2844 |journal=International Journal of Environmental Impacts: Management, Mitigation and Recovery |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=309–322 |doi=10.2495/EI-V4-N4-309-322 |issn=2398-2640}}</ref>
-== work ==
-* Agua Azul Park (1958)
-The building is an acoustic shell that John took on after graduating with a degree in civil engineering. This acoustic shell architecture was designed for the most important city. Using his architectural philosophy of geometry, he used a hyperbolic parabola to make sounds far and wide from the audience. The hyperbolic curve was used for the internal structural strength of the parabola, and the two high mosaic lengths were designed differently so that the center of mass shifted. The problem caused by the imbalance in Mosori length was solved by installing wide stone columns on both sides of Mosori, gathering around the movement of mass.
-* Mulbar Shopping Center (1973–1974)
-Designed by Alejandro Zohn in 1973, the Mulbar Shopping Center is one of the first shopping malls to be built in Mexico. This architecture has 3 floors, 8 parking floors, and 300 stores. The shopping mall's design is structural and was made using various materials such as concrete, bricks, and steel to pursue aesthetic value. It was a very innovative design in the context of architecture at the time.
-* Plaza Del Sol (1969)
-The shopping mall Plaza del Sol is one of the largest outdoor shopping malls in the city of Guadalajara, Mexico, and is the first Latin American shopping mall.
-* Mercado Libertad (1956-1958)
-Mercado Libertad is an indoor shopping mall and one of the largest markets in Mexico. There are various facilities here, such as a school, a gym, and a clinic. There are also three floors and parking spaces.
-* Lopez Mateos Sports Complex (1962)
-The Lopez Mateos Sports Complex is the building with the best view of Alejandro Zohn's architecture. The structure has eight parabolas connecting five hyperbolic parabolas and another parabola connecting four parabolas to the wing. The wings were created by creating two hyperbolic parabolas above the first layer to enhance the isotropy of the force between them and reduce the stress that occurs where the parabola joins.
-Among his numerous other designs in Guadalajara, the most notable are the Banco Refaccionario de Jalisco (1973), the [[Plaza del Sol (Mexico)|Plaza del Sol]], the 'Mulbar' [[shopping centre]] and car park and the Archivo del Estado de Jalisco building (1989). The latter is in exposed concrete and has a minimum of openings, emotional style and has affinities with the vernacular architecture of the [[Jalisco]] area.
-== Architectural influence ==
-Alejandro Zohn put his three beliefs in the spirit of architecture: truth is better than lies, justice is better than injustice, and love is better than hate. The parabolic applications, sustainability, functionality, and simplicity that we can find in his work have had a lot of influence not only on Mexican architects but also on architects all over the world after his death. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Influence of mathematical composition for public space in the experience of users: Alejandro zohn’s work {{!}} WorldCat.org |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/8918226753 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=www.worldcat.org |language=ko}}</ref>
-== Exhibition ==
-* Seeking Zohn - [[MAK Center for Art and Architecture|MAK Center]] for Art and Architecture.
 == References ==
@@ Line 45: / Line 13: @@
 == External links ==
-* [http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 Wien Architektur]
+* [http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 Wien Architektur] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222231351/http://www.wienarchitektur.at/event.php?event_id=8699 |date=2012-02-22 }}
 * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.festivaldemayo.org/fcmj2005/zohn.htm Alejandro Zohn]

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