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Coordinates: 42°17′52″N 90°41′13″W / 42.29778°N 90.68694°W / 42.29778; -90.68694
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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Zwingle, Iowa
|name = Zwingle, Iowa
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname =
|nickname =
|motto =
|motto =
⚫
|named_for = [[Ulrich Zwingle]]


<!-- Images -->
<!-- Images -->
Line 21: Line 23:


<!-- Location -->
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{USA}}
|subdivision_name = {{USA}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Iowa}}
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Iowa}}
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Iowa|Counties]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Iowa|Counties]]
Line 33: Line 35:
|leader_title1 =
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|leader_name1 =
|established_title =
|established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date = December 17, 1900 <ref>{{cite web |title=List of Incorporated Cities |url=https://sos.iowa.gov/business/pdf/IncCities.pdf |publisher=Iowa Secretary of State |access-date=24 January 2020}}</ref>
|established_date =


<!-- Area -->
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref = Imperial
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_19.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref>
|area_footnotes = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
|area_magnitude =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 0.41
|area_total_km2 = 0.42
|area_land_km2 = 0.41
|area_land_km2 = 0.42
|area_water_km2 = 0
|area_water_km2 = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi = 0.16
|area_total_sq_mi = 0.16
|area_land_sq_mi = 0.16
|area_land_sq_mi = 0.16
|area_water_sq_mi = 0
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.00


<!-- Population -->
<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_est = 91
|population_est =
|pop_est_as_of =
|pop_est_as_of = 2012<ref name="2012 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates |url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2013-05-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa |archivedate=June 17, 2013 }}</ref>
|population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/>
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 91
|population_total = 84
|pop_est_footnotes =
|population_density_km2 = 219.6
|population_density_km2 = 199.60
|population_density_sq_mi = 568.8
|population_density_sq_mi = 518.52


<!-- General information -->
|timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset = -6
|utc_offset = -6
Line 72: Line 74:
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0463292
|blank1_info = 0463292
|website =
|website =
⚫
|footnotes =
}}
}}

'''Zwingle''' is a city in [[Dubuque County, Iowa|Dubuque]] and [[Jackson County, Iowa|Jackson]] counties in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Iowa]]. The population was 91 at the 2010 census, down from 100 at the 2000 census.
'''Zwingle''' is a city in [[Dubuque County, Iowa|Dubuque]] and [[Jackson County, Iowa|Jackson]] counties in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Iowa]]. The population was 84 at the time of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], down from 100 in 2000.<ref name=cen2020>{{cite web |title=2020 Census State Redistricting Data |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Iowa/ |website=census.gov |publisher=United states Census Bureau |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Zwingle was originally built up chiefly by settlers from Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHwUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA702#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=History of Jackson County, Iowa, Volume 1 | publisher=S.J. Clarke Publishing Company | year=1910 | pages=702}}</ref>
Zwingle was originally built up chiefly by settlers from [[Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHwUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA702 | title=History of Jackson County, Iowa, Volume 1 | publisher=S.J. Clarke Publishing Company | year=1910 | pages=702}}</ref> It was named for [[Swiss people|Swiss]] reformer [[Ulrich Zwingli]]. It was near Zwingle that [[List of governors of South Dakota|South Dakota]] Governor [[George S. Mickelson]] and seven others died in a plane crash in 1993.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.argusleader.com/story/news/2018/04/18/25-years-ago-gov-mickelson-seven-others-killed-plane-crash/530914002/|title=25 years ago: Gov. Mickelson, seven others killed in plane crash|last=Leader|first=Terry Woster, Argus|website=USA TODAY|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-11}}</ref><ref name="origin-names">{{cite book|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1905|pages=[https://archive.org/details/origincertainpl00ganngoog/page/n340 334]|author=Gannett, Henry|author-link=Henry Gannett|url=https://archive.org/details/origincertainpl00ganngoog}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Zwingle is located at {{coord|42|17|52|N|90|41|13|W|region:US_type:city}} (42.297837, -90.687038).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>
Zwingle is located at {{coord|42|17|52|N|90|41|13|W|region:US_type:city}} (42.297837, −90.687038).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>


According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.16|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-05-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2 |archivedate=January 24, 2012 }}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.16|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-05-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220065340/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=February 20, 2011}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Line 101: Line 103:
|2000|100
|2000|100
|2010|91
|2010|91
|1880|65
|2020|84
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name=cen2020/>}}|footnote=Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|title=U.S. Census website|access-date=2020-03-29}} and [http://data.iowadatacenter.org/datatables/PlacesAll/plpopulation18502000.pdf Iowa Data Center]
|2014|89
|2015|90
|source=<center>U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |accessdate=June 4, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX |archivedate=May 11, 2015 }}</ref></center>
|footnote=Source:{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|title=American FactFinder}} and [http://data.iowadatacenter.org/datatables/PlacesAll/plpopulation18502000.pdf Iowa Data Center]
}}
}}


===2010 census===
=== 2020 Census ===
As of the 2020 Census,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Zwingle_city,_Iowa?g=1600000US1987690 |access-date=2022-12-05 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> there was a total population of 84 people. There was a population density of 430.8 people per square mile, spread over 0.2 miles. Of those 84 people, the median age was 26.9 years, with 17.1% of the town's population under the age of 18, all of which are also under the age of 5, 70% between the ages of 18 and 64, and 12.9% of the population over the age of 65. There were a total of 33 households, with an average of 2.5 people per household.
⚫
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-05-11}}</ref> of 2010, there were 91 people, 45 households, and 23 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|568.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 49 housing units at an average density of {{convert|306.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]].


60% of the town's population is male, with 40% of the population female.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census profile: Zwingle, IA |url=http://censusreporter.org/profiles/16000US1987690-zwingle-ia/ |access-date=2022-12-05 |website=Census Reporter |language=en}}</ref> The racial makeup of the town was 100% White. 2.9% of the population are of English descent, 1.4% French, 45.7% German, 25.7% Irish, and 1.4% Norwegian.
⚫
There were 45 households of which 17.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.9% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.61.

The average income per capita of Zwingle was $19,572, which is far lower than the state average, and the median household income was $65,600, which is higher than the state average. Only 7.1% of the population of the town lives under the poverty line, which 4 percentage points lower than the state average.

31% of the population of the town is identified as currently married, but only 6.7% of women between the ages of 15 and 50 gave birth during that year, higher than the average in the Dubuque Metro Area.

83% of the Zwingle population has received a high school degree, which is 9.5 percentage points less than the rest of the state. The town also has a lower-than-average percentage of the population having received college degrees, only 6.4% of the town's population has received a college degree compared to the state average of 30.5%.

5.2% of the town's population were veterans.

===2010 Census===
⚫
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-05-11}}</ref> of 2010, there were 91 people, 45 households, and 23 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|568.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 49 housing units at an average density of {{convert|306.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]].

⚫
There were 45 households, of which 17.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.9% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.61.


The median age in the city was 38.5 years. 16.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.
The median age in the city was 38.5 years. 16.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.


===2000 census===
===2000 Census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov |archivedate=September 11, 2013 }}</ref> of 2000, there were 100 people, 42 households, and 23 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 640.9 people per square mile (241.3/km²). There were 43 housing units at an average density of 275.6 per square mile (103.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.00% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.00% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] and 1.00% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.00% of the population.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 100 people, 42 households, and 23 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|640.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 43 housing units at an average density of {{convert|275.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.00% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.00% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] and 1.00% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.00% of the population.


There were 42 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 38.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.25.
There were 42 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 38.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.25.


31.0% are under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 117.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.
31.0% are under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 117.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.


The median income for a household in the city was $26,667, and the median income for a family was $45,625. Males had a median income of $25,417 versus $19,375 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $18,916. There were no families and 1.4% of the population living below the [[poverty line]], including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
The median income for a household in the city was $26,667, and the median income for a family was $45,625. Males had a median income of $25,417 versus $19,375 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $18,916. There were no families and 1.4% of the population living below the [[poverty line]], including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

== Education ==
The [[Maquoketa Community School District]] operates the [[State school|public school]] system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://educateiowa.gov/sites/files/ed/documents/FY20_MAQUOKETA.pdf|title=MAQUOKETA|publisher=[[Iowa Department of Education]]|access-date=2020-09-07}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references />


{{Dubuque County, Iowa}}
{{Dubuque County, Iowa}}
{{Jackson County, Iowa}}
{{Jackson County, Iowa}}
{{authority control}}


[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]
[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]

Latest revision as of 12:57, 19 August 2023

Zwingle, Iowa
City
Location of Zwingle, Iowa
Location of Zwingle, Iowa
Coordinates: 42°17′52″N 90°41′13″W / 42.29778°N 90.68694°W / 42.29778; -90.68694
Land Vereinigte Staaten
State Iowa
CountiesDubuque, Jackson
IncorporatedDecember 17, 1900 [1]
Named forUlrich Zwingle
Area
[2]
 • Total0.16 sq mi (0.42 km2)
 • Land0.16 sq mi (0.42 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation
899 ft (274 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total84
 • Density518.52/sq mi (199.60/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
52079
Area code563
FIPS code19-87690
GNIS feature ID0463292

Zwingle is a city in Dubuque and Jackson counties in the U.S. state of Iowa. The population was 84 at the time of the 2020 census, down from 100 in 2000.[3]

History

[edit]

Zwingle was originally built up chiefly by settlers from Pennsylvania.[4] It was named for Swiss reformer Ulrich Zwingli. It was near Zwingle that South Dakota Governor George S. Mickelson and seven others died in a plane crash in 1993.[5][6]

Geography

[edit]

Zwingle is located at 42°17′52″N 90°41′13″W / 42.29778°N 90.68694°W / 42.29778; -90.68694 (42.297837, −90.687038).[7]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.16 square miles (0.41 km2), all land.[8]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical populations
YearPop.±%
191069—    
1920124+79.7%
1930145+16.9%
1940118−18.6%
1950132+11.9%
1960110−16.7%
197096−12.7%
1980119+24.0%
199094−21.0%
2000100+6.4%
201091−9.0%
202084−7.7%
Source:"U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 29, 2020. and Iowa Data Center
Source:
U.S. Decennial Census[9][3]

2020 Census

[edit]

As of the 2020 Census,[10] there was a total population of 84 people. There was a population density of 430.8 people per square mile, spread over 0.2 miles. Of those 84 people, the median age was 26.9 years, with 17.1% of the town's population under the age of 18, all of which are also under the age of 5, 70% between the ages of 18 and 64, and 12.9% of the population over the age of 65. There were a total of 33 households, with an average of 2.5 people per household.

60% of the town's population is male, with 40% of the population female.[11] The racial makeup of the town was 100% White. 2.9% of the population are of English descent, 1.4% French, 45.7% German, 25.7% Irish, and 1.4% Norwegian.

The average income per capita of Zwingle was $19,572, which is far lower than the state average, and the median household income was $65,600, which is higher than the state average. Only 7.1% of the population of the town lives under the poverty line, which 4 percentage points lower than the state average.

31% of the population of the town is identified as currently married, but only 6.7% of women between the ages of 15 and 50 gave birth during that year, higher than the average in the Dubuque Metro Area.

83% of the Zwingle population has received a high school degree, which is 9.5 percentage points less than the rest of the state. The town also has a lower-than-average percentage of the population having received college degrees, only 6.4% of the town's population has received a college degree compared to the state average of 30.5%.

5.2% of the town's population were veterans.

2010 Census

[edit]

As of the census[12] of 2010, there were 91 people, 45 households, and 23 families living in the city. The population density was 568.8 inhabitants per square mile (219.6/km2). There were 49 housing units at an average density of 306.3 per square mile (118.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.

There were 45 households, of which 17.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.3% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.9% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.61.

The median age in the city was 38.5 years. 16.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.

2000 Census

[edit]

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 100 people, 42 households, and 23 families living in the city. The population density was 640.9 inhabitants per square mile (247.5/km2). There were 43 housing units at an average density of 275.6 per square mile (106.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.00% White, 1.00% Asian and 1.00% Pacific Islander. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.00% of the population.

There were 42 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 38.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.25.

31.0% are under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 117.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,667, and the median income for a family was $45,625. Males had a median income of $25,417 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,916. There were no families and 1.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Bildung

[edit]

The Maquoketa Community School District operates the public school system.[14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "List of Incorporated Cities" (PDF). Iowa Secretary of State. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
  2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  3. ^ a b "2020 Census State Redistricting Data". census.gov. United states Census Bureau. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
  4. ^ History of Jackson County, Iowa, Volume 1. S.J. Clarke Publishing Company. 1910. p. 702.
  5. ^ Leader, Terry Woster, Argus. "25 years ago: Gov. Mickelson, seven others killed in plane crash". USA TODAY. Retrieved March 11, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 334.
  7. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  8. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 20, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2012.
  9. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  10. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  11. ^ "Census profile: Zwingle, IA". Census Reporter. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  12. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 11, 2012.
  13. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  14. ^ "MAQUOKETA" (PDF). Iowa Department of Education. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zwingle,_Iowa&oldid=1171169323"