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{{about|the Old World bird|the North American bird|Black-throated Sparrow}}
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{about|the Old World bird|the North American bird|Black-throated sparrow}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
| name = Desert Sparrow
| image = Desert Sparrow - Merzouga - Morocco_07_7156 (22203842844).jpg
⚫
| image_caption = Male in Morocco
| image = Passer simplex Museum de Genève (2).JPG
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| status = LC
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| image_caption = A male museum specimen
| status_system = IUCN3.1
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| status = NR
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Passer simplex'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22736020A95123332 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22736020A95123332.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
| status_system = IUCN3.1<!--This taxa (species with two subspecies) is not recognised by IUCN, which now treats the it as two separate species: African Desert Sparrow and Asian Desert Sparrow-->
⚫
| taxon = Passer simplex
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
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| authority = ([[Hinrich Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein, MHC]], 1823)
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]]
| subordo = [[Passeri]]
| infraordo = [[Passerida]]
| superfamilia = [[Passeroidea]]
| familia = [[sparrow|Passeridae]]
| genus = ''[[Passer]]''
| species = '''''P. simplex'''''
⚫
| binomial = ''Passer simplex''
⚫
| binomial_authority = ([[Hinrich Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein]], 1823)
| range_map=PasserSimplex.svg
| range_map=PasserSimplex.svg
| range_map_caption=The three subspecies of Desert Sparrow
| range_map_caption=The ranges of the desert sparrow and [[Zarudny's sparrow]]
| synonyms =
}}
}}


The '''desert sparrow''' ('''''Passer simplex''''') is a species of bird in the [[Old World sparrow|sparrow]] [[family (biology)|family]] Passeridae, found in the [[Sahara Desert]] of northern Africa. A similar bird, [[Zarudny's sparrow]], is found in [[Central Asia]] and was historically recognised as a subspecies of the desert sparrow, but varies in a number of ways and is now recognised as a separate species by [[BirdLife International]],<ref name=iucn2016zaru/><ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /> the [[IOC World Bird List]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates/archive-3-1-to-3-5/species-3-1-3-5/|title=Updates: Species 3.1-3.5|work=IOC World Bird List|publisher=International Ornithological Congress|editor=Gill, F. |editor2=Donsker, D.|access-date=22 September 2017}}</ref> and the ''[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]] Alive''.<ref>{{cite book|last=del Hoyo|first= J. |author2=Collar, N. |year=2017|chapter= Zarudny's Sparrow (''Passer zarudnyi'')|editor=del Hoyo, J. |editor2=Elliott, A. |editor3=Sargatal, J. |editor4=Christie, D.A. |editor5=de Juana, E.|title=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive|publisher=Lynx Edicions|location= Barcelona|url= http://www.hbw.com/node/1344118 |access-date= 23 September 2017}}</ref>
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[[File:Desert sparrow pair.jpg|thumb|left|A pair of the subspecies ''P. s. saharae'' near [[Benichab]], [[Mauritania]]]]


The desert sparrow has two subspecies which occur in some of driest parts of the Sahara Desert in Northern Africa. This species is becoming scarcer as a result of [[habitat destruction]], but it is assessed on the [[IUCN Red List]] as being of [[least concern]] for conservation.<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /> [[Zarudny's sparrow]] is also considered to be a least concern species,<ref name=iucn2016zaru>{{Cite iucn | author = BirdLife International | title = ''Passer zarudnyi'' | volume = 2016 | page = e.T22736027A95123540 | date = 2016 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22736027A95123540.en }}</ref> as was the combined species recognised before 2012.<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" />
The '''Desert Sparrow''' (''Passer simplex'') is a bird of the [[sparrow]] [[family (biology)|family]] Passeridae, found in the [[Sahara Desert]], [[Central Asia]], and [[Iran]].


The desert sparrow is not afraid to come near humans and sometimes builds nests in muddy walls. The [[Mozabite people|Mozabite]] Berbers build their homes with holes in the walls to welcome these birds, which they call "bar-rode", and if one sings all day in the house, they say this is a sign of good news. The [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]], who call the bird "moula-moula", also say that this bird brings good news when it comes to stay near the camp.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emberiza.org/eng/gorrion.html|title=The Desert Sparrow|publisher=The Emberiza Fund|access-date=8 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234449/http://www.emberiza.org/eng/gorrion.html|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Two subspecies occur in some of driest parts of the Sahara Desert in northern Africa, and a distinct [[subspecies]] occurs in areas of [[Iran]], [[Turkmenistan]], and [[Uzbekistan]]. The Asian subspecies may be a separate species, and is called the Asian Desert Sparrow or Zarudny's Sparrow (''Passer simplex zarudnyi''). According to Guy Kirwan and colleagues, the Asian birds are separate under any definitions of species except the [[biological species concept]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kirwan|first=Guy M.|first2=Manuel|last2=Schweitzer|first3=Raffael|last3=Ayé|first4=Andrew|last4=Grieve|title=Taxonomy, identification and status of Desert Sparrows|journal=Dutch Birding|volume=31|pages=139–158|year=2009|url=http://www.freewebs.com/guykirwan/Kirwan_et_al_DB31%283%29139-158_2009.pdf|archivedate=27 July 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/60UbNI3GC}}</ref> The [[BirdLife International]], and therefore the [[IUCN Red List]], recognise both species.<ref name=iucn2012zaru/><ref name=iucn2012simp/>


==Gallery==
This bird is becoming scarcer as a result of [[habitat destruction]]. The IUCN Red List nonetheless classifies both species it recognises as [[Least Concern]] for conservation,<ref name=iucn2012simp>{{IUCN|id=160032621 |title=''Passer simplex'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2012.1 |year=2012 |accessdate=16 July 2012}}</ref><ref name=iucn2012zaru>{{IUCN|id=160032622|title=''Passer zarudnyi''|assessors=[[BirdLife International]]|version=2012.1|year=2012|accessdate=5 October 2012}}</ref> as it did before the split was recognised.<ref>{{IUCN|author=[[BirdLife International]]|year=2009|IUCN_Year=2009.2|id=149115|title=''Passer simplex''}}<!-- there should be an archive, it may take time to appear --></ref>
<gallery>
⚫
Desert sparrow pair.jpg|A pair of the subspecies ''P. s. saharae'' near [[Benichab]], [[Mauritania]]
Passer simplex sahara MHNT 225 Oued-Mya Algérie.jpg|Eggs of ''Passer simplex saharae'' from the collections of the [[MHNT]]
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{commons category|Passer simplex}}
{{Commons category|Passer simplex}}
* [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/desert-sparrow-passer-simplex Desert Sparrow] at the Internet Bird Collection
* [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/desert-sparrow-passer-simplex Desert sparrow] at the Internet Bird Collection


{{Passeridae}}
{{Passeridae}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q971520}}
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[[Category:Passer]]

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[[Category:Animals described in 1823]]
[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
[[Category:Passer|desert sparrow]]
[[Category:Birds of Africa]]
[[Category:Birds of North Africa]]
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[[Category:Fauna of the Sahara]]
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[[Category:Birds described in 1823|desert sparrow]]

Latest revision as of 13:44, 21 August 2023

This article is about the Old World bird. For the North American bird, see Black-throated sparrow.

Desert sparrow
Male in Morocco
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Passeridae
Genus: Passer
Species:
P. simplex
Binomial name
Passer simplex
The ranges of the desert sparrow and Zarudny's sparrow

The desert sparrow (Passer simplex) is a species of bird in the sparrow family Passeridae, found in the Sahara Desert of northern Africa. A similar bird, Zarudny's sparrow, is found in Central Asia and was historically recognised as a subspecies of the desert sparrow, but varies in a number of ways and is now recognised as a separate species by BirdLife International,[2][1] the IOC World Bird List,[3] and the Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive.[4]

The desert sparrow has two subspecies which occur in some of driest parts of the Sahara Desert in Northern Africa. This species is becoming scarcer as a result of habitat destruction, but it is assessed on the IUCN Red List as being of least concern for conservation.[1] Zarudny's sparrow is also considered to be a least concern species,[2] as was the combined species recognised before 2012.[1]

The desert sparrow is not afraid to come near humans and sometimes builds nests in muddy walls. The Mozabite Berbers build their homes with holes in the walls to welcome these birds, which they call "bar-rode", and if one sings all day in the house, they say this is a sign of good news. The Tuareg, who call the bird "moula-moula", also say that this bird brings good news when it comes to stay near the camp.[5]

[edit]
  • A pair of the subspecies P. s. saharae near Benichab, Mauritania
    A pair of the subspecies P. s. saharae near Benichab, Mauritania
  • Eggs of Passer simplex saharae from the collections of the MHNT
    Eggs of Passer simplex saharae from the collections of the MHNT

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d BirdLife International (2016). "Passer simplex". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22736020A95123332. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22736020A95123332.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Passer zarudnyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22736027A95123540. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22736027A95123540.en.
  3. ^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D. (eds.). "Updates: Species 3.1-3.5". IOC World Bird List. International Ornithological Congress. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  4. ^ del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. (2017). "Zarudny's Sparrow (Passer zarudnyi)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  5. ^ "The Desert Sparrow". The Emberiza Fund. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
[edit]
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