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{{short description|English historian (1909-1994)}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox historian
{{Infobox historian
|name = John Armstrong
|name = John Armstrong
|image =
|image =
|image_size =
|image_size =
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=no|1909|06|25}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1909|06|25}}
|birth_place = [[Dover]], England
|birth_place = [[Dover]], England
|death_date = {{death date and age|1994|08|09|1909|06|25|df=yes}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|1994|08|09|1909|06|25|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Boars Hill]], [[Oxfordshire]]
|death_place = [[Boars Hill, Oxfordshire]]
⚫
|discipline = Medieval English History, Medieval [[Burgundy]], the Wars of the Roses, the medieval [[nobility]]
|nationality = [[England|English]]
⚫
|field = Medieval English History, Medieval [[Burgundy]], the Wars of the Roses, the medieval [[nobility]]
|work_institutions = [[Hertford College, Oxford]]
|work_institutions = [[Hertford College, Oxford]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]]
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = Lecturer, historian
|known_for = Lecturer, historian
|prizes =
|prizes =
}}
}}


'''Charles Arthur John Armstrong''' (born 1909), known as John Armstrong,<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html</ref> was a leading [[post-war]] [[English]] [[historian]], known for his studies of the [[First Battle of St Albans]] and the medieval [[Duchy of Burgundy]].
'''Charles Arthur John Armstrong''' (born 1909), known as John Armstrong,<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html|title=Obituary: John Armstrong|date=18 August 1994|website=The Independent}}</ref> was a leading [[post-war]] English [[historian]], known for his studies of the [[First Battle of St Albans]] and the medieval [[Duchy of Burgundy]].


==Early life and discovery of the Mancini [[Manuscript|MS]]==
==Early life and discovery of the Mancini [[Manuscript|MS]]==
Educated at [[Harrow School]], he became one of a distict group of English historians from [[Oxford University]], along with [[K. B. McFarlane]] and [[E.F. Jacob]],<ref>Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' ''Renaissance Studies'' 9. (1995), 123–126</ref> he worked abroad as well as in England. On leaving Oxford, he worked briefly for the [[Diplomatic Service]]<ref>Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' ''Renaissance Studies'' 9. (1995), 123–126</ref> and it was whilst working in this capacity in [[Lille]] Municipal Library in 1934 that he discovered the until-then lost manuscript of [[Dominic Mancini]]'s account of the reign of [[Edward V of England]] and the accession of [[Richard III of England| his uncle, Richard III]] in the summer of 1483.<ref>http://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/nord-pas-de-calais/2015/03/24/richard-iii-reenterre-un-manuscrit-de-1483-conserve-lille-raconte-son-coup-d-etat-686155.html</ref> He presented a decription of tihs in ''[[The Times]]'' the same year, and then proceeded to translate and transcribe the manuscript. Since described as 'a model of precise scholarship,'<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html</ref> it was pubished bu the [[Oxford University Press]] as ''The Usurpation of Richard III'' in July 1936.<ref>http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/31st-july-1936/29/the-usurpation-of-richard-the-third</ref>
Educated at [[Harrow School]], he became one of a district group of English historians from [[Oxford University]], along with [[K. B. McFarlane]] and [[E.F. Jacob]].<ref name="auto1">Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' ''Renaissance Studies'' 9. (1995), 123–126</ref> On leaving Oxford, he worked briefly for the [[Diplomatic Service]]<ref name="auto1"/> and it was whilst working in this capacity in [[Lille]] Municipal Library in 1934 that he discovered the until-then lost manuscript of [[Dominic Mancini]]'s account of the reign of [[Edward V of England]] and the accession of [[Richard III of England|his uncle, Richard III]] in the summer of 1483.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/hauts-de-france/2015/03/24/richard-iii-reenterre-un-manuscrit-de-1483-conserve-lille-raconte-son-coup-d-etat-686155.html|title=Richard III réenterré : un manuscrit de 1483, conservé à Lille, raconte son coup d'état|website=France 3 Hauts-de-France|date=24 March 2015 }}</ref> He presented a description of this in ''[[The Times]]'' the same year, and then proceeded to translate and transcribe the manuscript. Since described as 'a model of precise scholarship,'<ref name="auto"/> it was published by the [[Oxford University Press]] as ''The Usurpation of Richard III'' in July 1936.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/31st-july-1936/29/the-usurpation-of-richard-the-third|title=THE USURPATION OF RICHARD THE THIRD » 31 Jul 1936 » The Spectator Archive|website=The Spectator Archive}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
He joined Hertford College as a Tutor in Modern History the following year, and taught there for the next thirty years, eventually being elected a [[University don|Fellow]] of the college.<ref>Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' ''Renaissance Studies'' 9. (1995), 123–126</ref> Many of his postgraduate students went on to have notable careers as historians themselves.<ref>For example, [[G.L. Harriss]]: https://thehistoryofparliament.wordpress.com/2014/11/10/a-tribute-to-gerald-l-harriss-fba/</ref> His career was not without incident: 'intolerant of cant or hypocrisy,' wrote Saul, he would prefer to leave the college's [[High Table]] and dine with the [[undergraduates]] if he disapproved of the dinner company forced upon him.<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html</ref> He published articles widely; the article being the vehicle of choice in the period, he was, in [[Nigel Saul (historian)|Nigel Saul]]'s words, 'by nature a [[miniaturist]].'<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html</ref> His interests ranged from the piety of [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]], to the coronation ceremonies of [[Yorkist]] kings, to the [[First Battle of St Albans]]; the latter, according to [[Michael Hicks (historian)|Michael Hicks]], can be considered 'the last word' on the subject.<ref>Hicks, M.A., 'Propaganda and the First Battle of St Albans', ''Nottingham Medieval Studies'' 44 (2000), 168</ref>
He joined Hertford College as a Tutor in Modern History the following year, and taught there for the next thirty years, eventually being elected a [[University don|Fellow]] of the college.<ref name="auto1"/> Many of his postgraduate students went on to have notable careers as historians themselves.<ref>For example, [[G.L. Harriss]]: https://thehistoryofparliament.wordpress.com/2014/11/10/a-tribute-to-gerald-l-harriss-fba/</ref> His career was not without incident: 'intolerant of cant or hypocrisy,' wrote Saul, he would prefer to leave the college's [[High Table]] and dine with the [[undergraduates]] if he disapproved of the dinner company forced upon him.<ref name="auto"/> He published articles widely; the article being the vehicle of choice in the period, he was, in [[Nigel Saul (historian)|Nigel Saul]]'s words, 'by nature a [[Portrait miniature|miniaturist]].'<ref name="auto"/> His interests ranged from the piety of [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]], to the coronation ceremonies of [[Yorkist]] kings, to the [[First Battle of St Albans]]; his detailed analysis of the latter, according to [[Michael Hicks (historian)|Michael Hicks]], can be considered 'the last word' on the subject.<ref>Hicks, M.A., 'Propaganda and the First Battle of St Albans', ''Nottingham Medieval Studies'' 44 (2000), 168</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
He was married to another [[scholar]],<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-armstrong-1384248.html</ref> Elizabeth Tyler, [[Emeritus|Emerita]] Fellow of [[Somerville College]], Oxford, who herself wrote upon sixteenth-century France. He died 9 August 1994 at the age of eighty-five.<ref>Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' ''Renaissance Studies'' 9. (1995), 123–126</ref>
He was married to another [[scholar]],<ref name="auto"/> Elizabeth Tyler, [[Emeritus|Emerita]] Fellow of [[Somerville College]], Oxford, who herself wrote upon sixteenth-century France. He died on 9 August 1994 at the age of eighty-five.<ref name="auto1"/>


==Selected Bibliography==
==Selected bibliography==


*''The Usurpation of Richard the Third: Dominicus Mancinus ad Angelum Catonem de Occupatione Regni Anglie per Riccardum Tercium Libellus'', [[Oxford University Press]], 1936.
*''The Usurpation of Richard the Third: Dominicus Mancinus ad Angelum Catonem de Occupatione Regni Anglie per Riccardum Tercium Libellus'', [[Oxford University Press]], 1936.
*'Some examples of the distribution and the speed of news in England at the time of Wars of the Roses,' in Hunt, R.W., Pantin, W.A., Southern, R.W. (eds.), ''Studies in medieval history presented to Frederick Maurice Powicke'', Oxford, 1948.
*‘Politics and the Battle of St. Albans, 1455’, ''[[Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research]],'' 1960.
*‘Politics and the Battle of St. Albans, 1455’, ''[[Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research]],'' 1960.
*''England, France and Burgundy in the fifteenth century,'' London, 1983.
*'Some examples of the distribution and speed of news in England at the time of the Wars of the Roses,' ''Medieval History'', 1991.
*'Les ducs de Bourgogne, interprètes de la pensée politique du XVe siècle,' ''Annales de Bourgogne'', 1995.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}


{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Armstrong, C. A. J.}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1994 deaths]]
[[Category:1994 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
[[Category:Alumni of Hertford College, Oxford]]

Latest revision as of 20:21, 7 September 2023

John Armstrong
Born(1909-06-25)25 June 1909
Dover, England
Died9 August 1994(1994-08-09) (aged 85)
Boars Hill, Oxfordshire
Known forLecturer, historian
Academic background
Alma materUniversity of Oxford
Academic work
DisciplineMedieval English History, Medieval Burgundy, the Wars of the Roses, the medieval nobility
InstitutionsHertford College, Oxford

Charles Arthur John Armstrong (born 1909), known as John Armstrong,[1] was a leading post-war English historian, known for his studies of the First Battle of St Albans and the medieval Duchy of Burgundy.

Early life and discovery of the Mancini MS

[edit]

Educated at Harrow School, he became one of a district group of English historians from Oxford University, along with K. B. McFarlane and E.F. Jacob.[2] On leaving Oxford, he worked briefly for the Diplomatic Service[2] and it was whilst working in this capacity in Lille Municipal Library in 1934 that he discovered the until-then lost manuscript of Dominic Mancini's account of the reign of Edward V of England and the accession of his uncle, Richard III in the summer of 1483.[3] He presented a description of this in The Times the same year, and then proceeded to translate and transcribe the manuscript. Since described as 'a model of precise scholarship,'[1] it was published by the Oxford University Press as The Usurpation of Richard III in July 1936.[4]

Career

[edit]

He joined Hertford College as a Tutor in Modern History the following year, and taught there for the next thirty years, eventually being elected a Fellow of the college.[2] Many of his postgraduate students went on to have notable careers as historians themselves.[5] His career was not without incident: 'intolerant of cant or hypocrisy,' wrote Saul, he would prefer to leave the college's High Table and dine with the undergraduates if he disapproved of the dinner company forced upon him.[1] He published articles widely; the article being the vehicle of choice in the period, he was, in Nigel Saul's words, 'by nature a miniaturist.'[1] His interests ranged from the piety of Cecily Neville, Duchess of York, to the coronation ceremonies of Yorkist kings, to the First Battle of St Albans; his detailed analysis of the latter, according to Michael Hicks, can be considered 'the last word' on the subject.[6]

Personal life

[edit]

He was married to another scholar,[1] Elizabeth Tyler, Emerita Fellow of Somerville College, Oxford, who herself wrote upon sixteenth-century France. He died on 9 August 1994 at the age of eighty-five.[2]

Selected bibliography

[edit]
  • The Usurpation of Richard the Third: Dominicus Mancinus ad Angelum Catonem de Occupatione Regni Anglie per Riccardum Tercium Libellus, Oxford University Press, 1936.
  • 'Some examples of the distribution and the speed of news in England at the time of Wars of the Roses,' in Hunt, R.W., Pantin, W.A., Southern, R.W. (eds.), Studies in medieval history presented to Frederick Maurice Powicke, Oxford, 1948.
  • ‘Politics and the Battle of St. Albans, 1455’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 1960.
  • England, France and Burgundy in the fifteenth century, London, 1983.
  • 'Some examples of the distribution and speed of news in England at the time of the Wars of the Roses,' Medieval History, 1991.
  • 'Les ducs de Bourgogne, interprètes de la pensée politique du XVe siècle,' Annales de Bourgogne, 1995.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e "Obituary: John Armstrong". The Independent. 18 August 1994.
  2. ^ a b c d Allmand, C., 'C. A. J. Armstrong (1909–1994),' Renaissance Studies 9. (1995), 123–126
  3. ^ "Richard III réenterré : un manuscrit de 1483, conservé à Lille, raconte son coup d'état". France 3 Hauts-de-France. 24 March 2015.
  4. ^ "THE USURPATION OF RICHARD THE THIRD » 31 Jul 1936 » The Spectator Archive". The Spectator Archive.
  5. ^ For example, G.L. Harriss: https://thehistoryofparliament.wordpress.com/2014/11/10/a-tribute-to-gerald-l-harriss-fba/
  6. ^ Hicks, M.A., 'Propaganda and the First Battle of St Albans', Nottingham Medieval Studies 44 (2000), 168
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