Fatsia japonica: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of plant}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
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| image = Old Fatsia japonica with blosems.jpg |
| image = Old Fatsia japonica with blosems.jpg |
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| synonyms = {{Species list |
| synonyms = {{Species list |
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|Aralia japonica| [[Carl Peter Thunberg|Thunb.]] |
|Aralia japonica| [[Carl Peter Thunberg|Thunb.]] |
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|Aralia sieboldii|[[ |
|Aralia sieboldii|[[hort.]] ex [[K.Koch]] |
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}} |
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'''''Fatsia japonica''''', also |
'''''Fatsia japonica''''', also '''fatsi''', '''paperplant''', '''false [[castor oil plant]]''',<ref>{{cite book|author=DK Publishing|title=Grow Plants in Pots|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ulnj7eH1iTYC&pg=PA64|date= 2011|publisher=DK Publishing|isbn=978-0-7566-8711-3|page=64|quote= ''Fatsia japonica'', or false castor oil plant}}</ref> or '''Japanese aralia''', is a [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Araliaceae]], [[native plant|native]] to southern [[Japan]] and southern [[Korea]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Fatsia japonica - Plant Finder|url=https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=276608&isprofile=1&basic=fatsia%20japonica|access-date=2021-02-25|website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org}}</ref> |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The name ''fatsi'' is an approximation of the Japanese word for 'eight' (''hachi'' in modern [[romanization of Japanese|romanization]]), referring to the eight leaf lobes. In Japan it is known as {{nihongo||八つ手|yatsude}}, meaning "eight fingers".{{Citation needed|date=February 2021}} The name "Japanese aralia" is due to the [[genus]] being classified in the related genus ''[[Aralia]]'' in the past. It has been interbred with ''[[Hedera helix]]'' (common ivy) to produce the intergeneric [[Hybrid (biology)#Hybrid plants|hybrid]] × '' |
The name ''fatsi'' is an approximation of the Japanese word for 'eight' (''hachi'' in modern [[romanization of Japanese|romanization]]), referring to the eight leaf lobes. In Japan it is known as {{nihongo||八つ手|yatsude}}, meaning "eight fingers".{{Citation needed|date=February 2021}} The name "Japanese aralia" is due to the [[genus]] being classified in the related genus ''[[Aralia]]'' in the past. It has been interbred with ''[[Hedera helix]]'' (common ivy) to produce the intergeneric [[Hybrid (biology)#Hybrid plants|hybrid]] [[× Fatshedera lizei|× ''Fatshedera lizei'']]. |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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It is an [[evergreen]] [[shrub]] growing to {{convert|1|-|5|m|abbr=on}} tall, with stout, sparsely branched stems.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fatsia japonica |
It is an [[evergreen]] [[shrub]] growing to {{convert|1|-|5|m|abbr=on}} tall, with stout, sparsely branched stems.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''Fatsia japonica'' |website=North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox |url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/fatsia-japonica/|access-date=2021-02-25}}</ref> The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally-arranged, large, {{convert|20|-|40|cm|abbr=on}} in width and on a petiole up to {{convert|50|cm|abbr=on}} long, leathery, [[palmate]]ly lobed, with 7–9 broad lobes, divided to half or two-thirds of the way to the base of the leaf; the lobes are edged with coarse, blunt teeth. The [[flower]]s are small, white, borne in dense terminal compound [[umbel]]s in late autumn or early winter, followed by small black [[fruit]] in spring.<ref name=":1" /> |
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==Cultivation== |
==Cultivation== |
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It is commonly grown as an [[ornamental plant]] in warm temperate regions where winters do not fall below about −15 °C (5 °F).<ref name="JASHS2008">{{cite journal | title = Efficiency of Volatile Formaldehyde Removal by Indoor Plants: Contribution of Aerial Plant Parts versus the Root Zone | |
It is commonly grown as an [[ornamental plant]] in warm temperate regions where winters do not fall below about −15 °C (5 °F).<ref name="JASHS2008">{{cite journal | title = Efficiency of Volatile Formaldehyde Removal by Indoor Plants: Contribution of Aerial Plant Parts versus the Root Zone |author=Kwang Jin Kim |author2=Mi Jung Kil |author3=Jeong Seob Song |author4=Eun Ha Yoo |author5=Ki-Cheol Son |author6=Stanley J. Kays | date = July 2008 | volume = 133 | issue = 4 | pages = 521–526 | issn = 0003-1062 | journal = [[Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science]] | doi = 10.21273/JASHS.133.4.521 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ''F. japonica'' thrives in semi-shade to full-shade and is winter hardy in USDA Zones 8–10.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b595|title=Fatsia japonica – Plant Finder|website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-03}}</ref> It can be grown as an indoor plant and has been shown to effectively remove gaseous formaldehyde from indoor air.<ref name="JASHS2008" /> |
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This plant<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector – ''Fatsia japonica''|url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/7147/Fatsia-japonica/Details |access-date=2 July 2020}}</ref> and its [[cultivar]] ''F. japonica'' 'Variegata'<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector – ''Fatsia japonica'' 'Variegata'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/90742/Fatsia-japonica-Variegata-(v)/Details |access-date=2 July 2020}}</ref> have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants – Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 39 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | access-date = 26 February 2018}}</ref> |
This plant<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector – ''Fatsia japonica''|url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/7147/Fatsia-japonica/Details |access-date=2 July 2020}}</ref> and its [[cultivar]] ''F. japonica'' 'Variegata'<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector – ''Fatsia japonica'' 'Variegata'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/90742/Fatsia-japonica-Variegata-(v)/Details |access-date=2 July 2020}}</ref> have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants – Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 39 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | access-date = 26 February 2018}}</ref> |
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==Naturalisation== |
==Naturalisation== |
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While grown as a landscaping plant, it has also become naturalised in some areas. In [[New Zealand]] it has become established in waste areas and abandoned gardens, spreading |
While grown as a landscaping plant, it has also become naturalised in some areas. In [[New Zealand]], it has become established in waste areas and abandoned gardens, spreading by suckers and prolific self seeding. |
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==Health== |
==Health== |
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The sap, which is sticky and resinous, can cause [[contact dermatitis]] in sensitive people.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Oka|first1=K.|last2=Saito|first2=F.|last3=Yasuhara|first3=T.|last4=Sugimoto|first4=A.|date=April 1999|title=The allergens of Dendropanax trifidus Makino and Fatsia japonica Decne. et Planch. and evaluation of cross-reactions with other plants of the Araliaceae family|journal=Contact Dermatitis|volume=40|issue=4|pages=209–213|doi=10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06036.x|issn=0105-1873|pmid=10208509|s2cid=40943286 }}</ref> |
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The sap, which is sticky and resinous, can cause [[contact dermatitis]] in sensitive people.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}} |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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File:Fatsia japonica spiderweb.jpg|Fatsia 'Spider White' |
File:Fatsia japonica spiderweb.jpg|Fatsia 'Spider White' |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Ricinus]], Ricinus communis, the castor bean or castor oil plant |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/plants/plant_finder/plant_pages/316.shtml ''Fatsia japonica''], BBC Gardening |
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/plants/plant_finder/plant_pages/316.shtml ''Fatsia japonica''], BBC Gardening |
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*Poplay, I. et al. (2010). ''An illustrated Guide to Common Weeds Of New Zealand''. 3rd ed. Pg. 36 |
*Poplay, I. et al. (2010). ''An illustrated Guide to Common Weeds Of New Zealand''. 3rd ed. Pg. 36 |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q203569}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q203569}} |
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Latest revision as of 19:16, 12 September 2023
| Fatsia japonica | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Araliaceae |
| Genus: | Fatsia |
| Species: | F. japonica
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| Binomial name | |
| Fatsia japonica | |
| Synonyms | |
Fatsia japonica, also fatsi, paperplant, false castor oil plant,[1] or Japanese aralia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae, native to southern Japan and southern Korea.[2]
Etymology
[edit]The name fatsi is an approximation of the Japanese word for 'eight' (hachi in modern romanization), referring to the eight leaf lobes. In Japan it is known as yatsude (八つ手), meaning "eight fingers".[citation needed] The name "Japanese aralia" is due to the genus being classified in the related genus Aralia in the past. It has been interbred with Hedera helix (common ivy) to produce the intergeneric hybrid × Fatshedera lizei.
Description
[edit]It is an evergreen shrub growing to 1–5 m (3 ft 3 in – 16 ft 5 in) tall, with stout, sparsely branched stems.[3] The leaves are spirally-arranged, large, 20–40 cm (7.9–15.7 in) in width and on a petiole up to 50 cm (20 in) long, leathery, palmately lobed, with 7–9 broad lobes, divided to half or two-thirds of the way to the base of the leaf; the lobes are edged with coarse, blunt teeth. The flowers are small, white, borne in dense terminal compound umbels in late autumn or early winter, followed by small black fruit in spring.[2]
Cultivation
[edit]It is commonly grown as an ornamental plant in warm temperate regions where winters do not fall below about −15 °C (5 °F).[4] F. japonica thrives in semi-shade to full-shade and is winter hardy in USDA Zones 8–10.[5] It can be grown as an indoor plant and has been shown to effectively remove gaseous formaldehyde from indoor air.[4]
This plant[6] and its cultivar F. japonica 'Variegata'[7] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[8]
An ornamental plant, F. japonica 'Spider's Web' (or 'Spider White') is a rare cultivar with variegated leaves. Slower growing than the original species, it reaches a lower maximum height of 2.5 m (8.2 ft) at maturity. The dark-green leaves are strongly white-flecked, particularly at the edges, though the white variegation may occasionally disperse across the whole leaf. The variegation may change with the seasons and as the plant ages. Terminal clumps of white flowers emerge in autumn, which are followed by black berries.[9]
Naturalisation
[edit]While grown as a landscaping plant, it has also become naturalised in some areas. In New Zealand, it has become established in waste areas and abandoned gardens, spreading by suckers and prolific self seeding.
Health
[edit]The sap, which is sticky and resinous, can cause contact dermatitis in sensitive people.[10]
Gallery
[edit]-
Fruiting body -
A small Fatsia japonica leaf -
Close-up of flower umbel -
Variegated leaves of F. japonica 'Spider's Web' -
Fatsia 'Spider White'
References
[edit]- ^ DK Publishing (2011). Grow Plants in Pots. DK Publishing. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-7566-8711-3.
Fatsia japonica, or false castor oil plant
- ^ a b "Fatsia japonica - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2021-02-25.
- ^ "Fatsia japonica". North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Retrieved 2021-02-25.
- ^ a b Kwang Jin Kim; Mi Jung Kil; Jeong Seob Song; Eun Ha Yoo; Ki-Cheol Son; Stanley J. Kays (July 2008). "Efficiency of Volatile Formaldehyde Removal by Indoor Plants: Contribution of Aerial Plant Parts versus the Root Zone". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 133 (4): 521–526. doi:10.21273/JASHS.133.4.521. ISSN 0003-1062.
- ^ "Fatsia japonica – Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2018-07-03.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector – Fatsia japonica". Retrieved 2 July 2020.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector – Fatsia japonica 'Variegata'". Retrieved 2 July 2020.
- ^ "AGM Plants – Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 39. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ "Fatsia japonica 'Spider's Web' (v) Japanese aralia 'Spider's Web'". Retrieved 31 August 2018.
- ^ Oka, K.; Saito, F.; Yasuhara, T.; Sugimoto, A. (April 1999). "The allergens of Dendropanax trifidus Makino and Fatsia japonica Decne. et Planch. and evaluation of cross-reactions with other plants of the Araliaceae family". Contact Dermatitis. 40 (4): 209–213. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06036.x. ISSN 0105-1873. PMID 10208509. S2CID 40943286.
Further reading
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fatsia japonica.
- Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan.
- Fatsia japonica, BBC Gardening
- Poplay, I. et al. (2010). An illustrated Guide to Common Weeds Of New Zealand. 3rd ed. Pg. 36