Rusnė Island: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Lithuania's largest island}} |
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{{Infobox islands |
{{Infobox islands |
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| name=Rusnė |
| name=Rusnė |
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| image_name = Rusnės sala ir Nemunas.jpg |
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| image_caption = Rusnė from the east, between two rivers |
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| image_size = |
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| locator_map = |
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| map_caption = |
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| map caption = Location of Trinidad in the [[Lesser Antilles]] |
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| native_name= Rusnės sala |
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| native_name_link = |
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| native name link = |
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| nickname = |
| nickname = |
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| location = [[Curonian Lagoon]] |
| location = [[Curonian Lagoon]] |
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| coordinates = {{ |
| coordinates = {{WikidataCoord|display=it}} |
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| timezone = GMT +2 |
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| archipelago = |
| archipelago = |
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| total_islands = |
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| major_islands = |
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| area_km2 = 45 |
| area_km2 = 45 |
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| length_km = |
| length_km = |
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| width_km = |
| width_km = |
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| highest_mount = |
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| elevation_m = 1 |
| elevation_m = 1 |
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| country = [[Lithuania]] |
| country = [[Lithuania]] |
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| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = County |
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| country admin divisions title = |
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| country_admin_divisions_1 = [[Klaipėda County]] |
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| country admin divisions = |
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| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = District |
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| country admin divisions title 1 = County |
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| country_admin_divisions_2 = [[Šilutė District Municipality]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| country admin divisions title 2 = District |
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| ⚫ | |||
| country admin divisions 2 = [[Šilutė District Municipality]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| country_largest_city_population = 1,600 |
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| ⚫ | |||
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| country largest city population = 1,600 |
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| population = 2,000 |
| population = 2,000 |
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| population_as_of = 2001 |
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| density_km2 = 43.5 |
| density_km2 = 43.5 |
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| ethnic_groups = |
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| additional info = |
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|common_name = |
|common_name = |
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|continent= Europe |
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|region = Baltics |
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|common_languages = Lithuanian |
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|capital = [[Rusnė]] |
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|government_type = |
|government_type = |
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|title_leader = |
|title_leader = |
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| additional_info = |
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| module = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=10 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}} |
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'''Rusnė Island''' is an island in [[Nemunas Delta]], [[Šilutė District Municipality]], [[Lithuania]]. It is located between Atmata and Skirvytė, [[distributaries]] of the [[Neman River]], and the [[Curonian Lagoon]]. At 45 square kilometers, Rusnė is often |
'''Rusnė Island''' is an island in [[Nemunas Delta]], [[Šilutė District Municipality]], [[Lithuania]]. It is located between Atmata and Skirvytė, [[distributaries]] of the [[Neman River]], and the [[Curonian Lagoon]]. At 45 or 46 square kilometers, Rusnė is often considered Lithuania's largest island.<ref name=undp>{{cite web|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|url=https://sgp.undp.org/index.php?option=com_sgpprojects&view=projectdetail&id=9382&Itemid=205|title=Restoration of Natural Habitats of the Curonian Lagoon's Coastal Zone in Rusne Island|accessdate=2014-06-24}}</ref><ref name=npark1>{{cite web|url=http://www.nemunodelta.lt/20995/information-to-visitors/routes.html|publisher=[[Nemunas Delta Regional Park]]|title=The cognitive walkway Pakalnė|accessdate=2014-06-28}}</ref><ref>[http://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/rusnes-salos-gyventojai-mums-uzuojautos-nereikia-56-325213 Rusnės salos gyventojai: „Mums užuojautos nereikia“]</ref> |
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==Geography== |
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The island was formed when the Neman River deposited its sediments before flowing into the Curonian Lagoon (see [[alluvial plain]]). Therefore, |
The island's age has been estimated at 1,100 years.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://vddb.laba.lt/fedora/get/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110414_105129-21832/DS.005.1.01.ETD|title= POST-GLACIAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE LITHUANIAN COASTAL AREA|publisher=[[Vilnius University]]|accessdate=2014-06-24}}</ref> It was formed when the Neman River deposited its sediments before flowing into the Curonian Lagoon (see [[alluvial plain]]). Therefore, its elevation does not exceed 1.5 metres. One point in the island is 0.27 metres below sea level, which is the lowest point in Lithuania (an earlier measurement placed it at 1.3 metres below sea level).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nzt.lt/go.php/lit/Aukciai/776|title=Aukščiai (elevations)|publisher=[[Ministry of Agriculture (Lithuania)]]|accessdate=2014-06-21|language=lt}}</ref> The island is subject to frequent flooding, particularly in spring due to [[Ice jam|ice dam]]s. Floods and regular river flow deposit new sediments increasing the area of the island.<ref name=npark1/> Floodwaters are removed by pumping, using an extensive system of canals and [[polders]].<ref name=ec1>{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/ourcoast/index.cfm?menuID=7&articleID=74|publisher=[[European Commission]] - Environment - OURCOAST|title=Restoration and conservation of important habitats through sustainable agricultural practices, Rusne - LT|date=2010-08-23|accessdate=2014-06-20}}</ref> The polder and embankment system has not always been able to contain floods such as the one in 1958.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.apfm.info/projects/pilot/europe/Flash_Flood_Lithuania.pdf|publisher= Associated Programme on Flood Management|title= STUDY OF HISTORICAL FLOODS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE FROM AN INTEGRATED FLOOD MANAGEMENT VIEWPOINT - LITHUANIA|accessdate=2014-06-23}}</ref> |
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The island contains |
The island contains several distributaries of the rivers Atmata and Skirvytė (Pakalnė, Vorusnė, Skatulė, Rusnaitė, etc.). In addition, it has two rivulets (Naikupė and Ulmas) that are not part of the distributary system.<ref>[http://www.nemunodelta.lt/16975/gamta/hidrografinis-tinklas.html Hidrografinis tinklas]</ref> Its natural values are protected by its inclusion within [[Nemunas Delta Regional Park]]. |
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==Human history== |
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| ⚫ | The main businesses in the island are sailing, canoeing tourism, and fishing. The town of |
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Recorded history includes its settlement by fishermen and subsequent [[Livonian Order]] control. Its location near the junction of the Nemunas and the [[Baltic Sea]] lent it some strategic importance as a point on trade routes and during the battles for control of [[Samogitia]]. A church in the town of [[Rusnė]] dates to 1419.<ref name=npark1/> |
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| ⚫ | The main businesses in the island are sailing, canoeing tourism, and fishing. The town of Rusnė, with 1,600 inhabitants, is the largest populated place on the island. The only bridge between the mainland and the island leads to Rusnė. The first bridge was completed in 1914 but was destroyed during World War II. The current bridge was built in 1974.<ref>[http://www.nemunodelta.lt/16983/kultura/architekturos-vertybes.html Architektūros vertybės]</ref> Rusnė Island Cultural and Information Office operates in Rusnė. |
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After [[Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania|Lithuania re-established its independence in 1990]], [[collective farming]] on the island ended and individual landowners lacked the resources to use the machinery needed to clear the fields.<ref name=undp/> This led to the growth of vegetation that was inhospitable to migratory birds, an internationally problematic issue since the island lies within the [[East Atlantic Flyway]]. An [[NGO]], [[The Lithuanian Fund for Nature]], successfully spearheaded a drive to restore the meadows that had been used by various bird species. The initiative was supported by local farmers.<ref name=ec1/> |
After [[Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania|Lithuania re-established its independence in 1990]], [[collective farming]] on the island ended and individual landowners lacked the resources to use the machinery needed to clear the fields.<ref name=undp/> This led to the growth of vegetation that was inhospitable to migratory birds, an internationally problematic issue since the island lies within the [[East Atlantic Flyway]]. An [[NGO]], [[The Lithuanian Fund for Nature]], successfully spearheaded a drive to restore the meadows that had been used by various bird species. The initiative was supported by local farmers.<ref name=ec1/> |
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The polder and embankment system has not always been able to contain floods such as the one in 1958.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.apfm.info/projects/pilot/europe/Flash_Flood_Lithuania.pdf|publisher= Associated Programme on Flood Management|title= STUDY OF HISTORICAL FLOODS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE FROM AN INTEGRATED FLOOD MANAGEMENT VIEWPOINT - LITHUANIA|accessdate=2014-06-23}}</ref> |
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== Settlements == |
== Settlements == |
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*[[Rusnė]] |
*[[Rusnė]] |
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[[Category:Rusnė Island| ]] |
[[Category:Rusnė Island| ]] |
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[[Category:Islands of Lithuania]] |
[[Category:Islands of Lithuania]] |
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{{lithuania-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:10, 25 September 2023
Native name: Rusnės sala | |
|---|---|
 Rusnė from the east, between two rivers | |
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| Geography | |
| Standort | Curonian Lagoon |
| Coordinates | 55°18′N 21°22′E / 55.300°N 21.367°E |
| Area | 45 km2 (17 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 1 m (3 ft) |
| Administration | |
| County | Klaipėda County |
| District | Šilutė District Municipality |
| Eldership | Rusnė Eldership |
| Largest settlement | Rusnė (capital) (pop. 1,600) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 2,000 (2001) |
| Pop. density | 43.5/km2 (112.7/sq mi) |
| Zusätzliche Informationen | |
| Time zone |
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Rusnė Island is an island in Nemunas Delta, Šilutė District Municipality, Lithuania. It is located between Atmata and Skirvytė, distributaries of the Neman River, and the Curonian Lagoon. At 45 or 46 square kilometers, Rusnė is often considered Lithuania's largest island.[1][2][3]
Geography
[edit]The island's age has been estimated at 1,100 years.[4] It was formed when the Neman River deposited its sediments before flowing into the Curonian Lagoon (see alluvial plain). Therefore, its elevation does not exceed 1.5 metres. One point in the island is 0.27 metres below sea level, which is the lowest point in Lithuania (an earlier measurement placed it at 1.3 metres below sea level).[5] The island is subject to frequent flooding, particularly in spring due to ice dams. Floods and regular river flow deposit new sediments increasing the area of the island.[2] Floodwaters are removed by pumping, using an extensive system of canals and polders.[6] The polder and embankment system has not always been able to contain floods such as the one in 1958.[7]
The island contains several distributaries of the rivers Atmata and Skirvytė (Pakalnė, Vorusnė, Skatulė, Rusnaitė, etc.). In addition, it has two rivulets (Naikupė and Ulmas) that are not part of the distributary system.[8] Its natural values are protected by its inclusion within Nemunas Delta Regional Park.
Human history
[edit]Recorded history includes its settlement by fishermen and subsequent Livonian Order control. Its location near the junction of the Nemunas and the Baltic Sea lent it some strategic importance as a point on trade routes and during the battles for control of Samogitia. A church in the town of Rusnė dates to 1419.[2]
The main businesses in the island are sailing, canoeing tourism, and fishing. The town of Rusnė, with 1,600 inhabitants, is the largest populated place on the island. The only bridge between the mainland and the island leads to Rusnė. The first bridge was completed in 1914 but was destroyed during World War II. The current bridge was built in 1974.[9] Rusnė Island Cultural and Information Office operates in Rusnė.
After Lithuania re-established its independence in 1990, collective farming on the island ended and individual landowners lacked the resources to use the machinery needed to clear the fields.[1] This led to the growth of vegetation that was inhospitable to migratory birds, an internationally problematic issue since the island lies within the East Atlantic Flyway. An NGO, The Lithuanian Fund for Nature, successfully spearheaded a drive to restore the meadows that had been used by various bird species. The initiative was supported by local farmers.[6]
Settlements
[edit]-
Bridge between island and mainland -
Rusnė Town -
Šyškrantė -
Uostadvaris
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Restoration of Natural Habitats of the Curonian Lagoon's Coastal Zone in Rusne Island". United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 2014-06-24.
- ^ a b c "The cognitive walkway Pakalnė". Nemunas Delta Regional Park. Retrieved 2014-06-28.
- ^ Rusnės salos gyventojai: „Mums užuojautos nereikia“
- ^ "POST-GLACIAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE LITHUANIAN COASTAL AREA". Vilnius University. Retrieved 2014-06-24.
- ^ "Aukščiai (elevations)" (in Lithuanian). Ministry of Agriculture (Lithuania). Retrieved 2014-06-21.
- ^ a b "Restoration and conservation of important habitats through sustainable agricultural practices, Rusne - LT". European Commission - Environment - OURCOAST. 2010-08-23. Retrieved 2014-06-20.
- ^ "STUDY OF HISTORICAL FLOODS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE FROM AN INTEGRATED FLOOD MANAGEMENT VIEWPOINT - LITHUANIA" (PDF). Associated Programme on Flood Management. Retrieved 2014-06-23.
- ^ Hidrografinis tinklas
- ^ Architektūros vertybės