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{{Short description|Genus of palms}}
{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|name = ''Copernicia''
|image = Copernicia cerifera (3768428995).jpg
|image_caption = ''Copernica ceifera''
|image =
|display_parents = 2
|image_caption = ''Copernicia alba''
|taxon = Copernicia
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|authority = [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius|Mart.]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Arecales]]
|familia = [[Arecaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Coryphoideae]]
|tribus = [[Corypheae]]
|genus = '''''Copernicia'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius|Mart.]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a/>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a/>
|synonyms =
|synonyms =
*''Arrudaria'' <small>Macedo</small>
* ''Arrudaria'' <small>Macedo</small>
*''Coryphomia'' <small>Rojas Acosta</small>
* ''Coryphomia'' <small>Rojas Acosta</small>
}}
}}
'''''Copernicia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Arecaceae|palms]], native to [[South America]] and the [[Greater Antilles]]. Of the known species and [[nothospecies]] ([[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]]), 22 of the 27 are [[endemic]] to [[Cuba]].<ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=46675 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> They are [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palms]] (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized [[tree]]s growing to 5-30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in [[savanna]] habitats.Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.


'''''Copernicia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Arecaceae|palms]] native to [[South America]] and the [[Greater Antilles]]. Of the known species and [[nothospecies]] ([[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]]), 22 of the 27 are [[endemic]] to [[Cuba]].<ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=46675 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> They are [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palms]] (Arecaceae tribe [[Corypheae]]), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized [[tree]]s growing to 5–30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in [[savanna]] habitats.<ref>Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref> The genus is named after the <!-- do not start edits wars on "Polish"--> astronomer [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]. In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of [[wax]], known as [[carnauba wax]].
;Species and hybrids<ref name = Kew>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |title= ''Copernicia''|accessdate=2014-08-11 |format= |work= [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}</ref>


==Species and hybrids==
# ''[[Copernicia alba]]'' <small>Morong</small> - Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul
''Copernicia'' species and hybrids are as follows.<ref name = Kew>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |title=''Copernicia'' |access-date=2014-08-11 |work=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070827230407/http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |archive-date=2007-08-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
# ''[[Copernicia baileyana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia berteroana]]'' <small>Becc.</small> - Hispaniola
# ''[[Copernicia brittonorum]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia x burretiana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. hospita × C. macroglossa)''
# ''[[Copernicia cowellii]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> - Camagüey Province in Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia curbeloi]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia curtissii]]'' <small>Becc.</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia ekmanii]]'' <small>Burret</small> - Haiti
# ''[[Copernicia fallense]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia gigas]]'' <small>Ekman ex Burret</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia glabrescens]]'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Becc</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia hospita]]'' <small>Mart.</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia humicola]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia longiglossa]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia macroglossa]]'' <small>Schaedtler</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia molineti]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia x occidentalis]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. brittonanum × C. hospita)''
# ''[[Copernicia prunifera]]'' <small>(Mill.) H.E.Moore</small> - northeastern Brazil
# ''[[Copernicia rigida]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia roigii]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba
# ''[[Copernicia × shaferi]]'' <small>Dahlgren & Glassman</small> - Cuba ''(C. cowellii × C. hospita)''
# ''[[Copernicia x sueroana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. hospita × C. rigida)''
# ''[[Copernicia tectorum]]'' <small>(Kunth) Mart.</small> - Colombia, Venezuela
# ''[[Copernicia × textilis]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. baileyana × C. hospita)''
# ''[[Copernicia × vespertilionum]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. gigas × C. rigida)''
# ''[[Copernicia yarey]]'' <small>Burret</small> - Cuba


{| class="wikitable"
The genus is named after the <!-- do not start edits wars--> Polish astronomer [[Nicolaus Copernicus]].
|-
! Image !! Scientific name !! Distribution
|-
|[[File:Copernicia alba Jardín botánico de Valencia 01.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia alba]]'' <small>Morong</small> || Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul
|-
|[[File:Copernicia baileyana 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia baileyana]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia berteroana - Naples Botanical Garden - Naples, Florida - DSC00046.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia berteroana]]'' <small>[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]</small> || Hispaniola
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia brittonorum]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia cowellii]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> || Camagüey Province in Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia curbeloi]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia curtissii 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia curtissii]]'' <small>Becc.</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia ekmanii 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia ekmanii]]'' <small>Burret</small> || Haiti
|-
|[[File:Copernicia fallaensis 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia fallaensis]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia gigas]]'' <small>Ekman ex Burret</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Cglabrescens.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia glabrescens]]'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Becc</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia hospita - Naples Botanical Garden - Naples, Florida - DSC00041.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia hospita]]'' <small>Mart.</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia humicola]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia longiglossa]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia macroglossa 6zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia macroglossa]]'' <small>Schaedtler</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia molineti]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Carnaúbas na caatinga.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia prunifera]]'' <small>(Mill.) H.E.Moore</small> || northeastern Brazil
|-
|[[File:Copernicia rigida 1zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia rigida]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia roigii]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia tectorum 4zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia tectorum]]'' <small>(Kunth) Mart.</small> || Colombia, Venezuela
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia yarey]]'' <small>Burret</small> || Cuba
|-
|}


===Natural hybrids===
In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of [[wax]], known as [[carnauba wax]].
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Scientific name !! Parentage!! Distribution
|-
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia × burretiana]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. hospita × C. macroglossa'' || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia × occidentalis]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. brittonanum × C. hospita'' || Cuba
|-
|||''[[Copernicia × textilis]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. baileyana × C. hospita'' || Cuba
|-
| ||''[[Copernicia × vespertilionum]]'' <small>León</small> || ''C. gigas × C. rigida''|| Cuba
|-
|||''[[Copernicia × shaferi]]'' <small>Dahlgren & Glassman</small> || ''C. cowellii × C. hospita''|| Cuba
|-
|[[File:Copernicia x sueroana - University of California Botanical Garden - DSC08991.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia × sueroana]]'' <small>León</small> || ''C. hospita × C. rigida''|| Cuba
|-
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Copernicia.html Sorting ''Copernicia'' names]
* [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Copernicia.html Sorting ''Copernicia'' names]
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2906 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Copernicia'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090120133103/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2906 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Copernicia'']
*[http://www.fairchildgarden.org/palmguide/images.php?family=ARECACEAE&genus=Copernicia Pictures of genus members]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060927004957/http://www.fairchildgarden.org/palmguide/images.php?family=ARECACEAE&genus=Copernicia Pictures of genus members]

{{Arecaceae genera}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q135429}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Copernicia| ]]
[[Category:Copernicia| ]]
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[[Category:Trees of South America]]
[[Category:Trees of South America]]
[[Category:Arecaceae genera]]
[[Category:Arecaceae genera]]
[[Category:Nicolaus Copernicus]]

Latest revision as of 21:17, 14 October 2023

Copernicia
Copernica ceifera
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Coryphoideae
Tribe: Trachycarpeae
Genus: Copernicia
Mart.
Synonyms[1]
  • Arrudaria Macedo
  • Coryphomia Rojas Acosta

Copernicia is a genus of palms native to South America and the Greater Antilles. Of the known species and nothospecies (hybrids), 22 of the 27 are endemic to Cuba.[1] They are fan palms (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized trees growing to 5–30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in savanna habitats.[2] The genus is named after the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of wax, known as carnauba wax.

Species and hybrids

[edit]

Copernicia species and hybrids are as follows.[3]

Image Scientific name Distribution
Copernicia alba Morong Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul
Copernicia baileyana León Cuba
Copernicia berteroana Becc. Hispaniola
Copernicia brittonorum León Cuba
Copernicia cowellii Britton & P.Wilson Camagüey Province in Cuba
Copernicia curbeloi León Cuba
Copernicia curtissii Becc. Cuba
Copernicia ekmanii Burret Haiti
Copernicia fallaensis León Cuba
Copernicia gigas Ekman ex Burret Cuba
Copernicia glabrescens H.Wendl. ex Becc Cuba
Copernicia hospita Mart. Cuba
Copernicia humicola León Cuba
Copernicia longiglossa León Cuba
Copernicia macroglossa Schaedtler Cuba
Copernicia molineti León Cuba
Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E.Moore northeastern Brazil
Copernicia rigida Britton & P.Wilson Cuba
Copernicia roigii León Cuba
Copernicia tectorum (Kunth) Mart. Colombia, Venezuela
Copernicia yarey Burret Cuba

Natural hybrids

[edit]
Image Scientific name Parentage Distribution
Copernicia × burretiana León C. hospita × C. macroglossa Cuba
Copernicia × occidentalis León C. brittonanum × C. hospita Cuba
Copernicia × textilis León C. baileyana × C. hospita Cuba
Copernicia × vespertilionum León C. gigas × C. rigida Cuba
Copernicia × shaferi Dahlgren & Glassman C. cowellii × C. hospita Cuba
Copernicia × sueroana León C. hospita × C. rigida Cuba

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. ^ "Copernicia". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Archived from the original on 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2014-08-11.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copernicia&oldid=1180154436"