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{{Short description|Genus of palms}} |
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{{italic title}} |
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{{taxobox |
{{Automatic taxobox |
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|image = Copernicia cerifera (3768428995).jpg |
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|image_caption = ''Copernica ceifera'' |
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|image = |
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|display_parents = 2 |
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|image_caption = ''Copernicia alba'' |
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|taxon = Copernicia |
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|regnum = [[Plantae]] |
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|authority = [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius|Mart.]] |
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|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
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|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]] |
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|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]] |
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|ordo = [[Arecales]] |
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|familia = [[Arecaceae]] |
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|subfamilia = [[Coryphoideae]] |
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|tribus = [[Corypheae]] |
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|genus = '''''Copernicia''''' |
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|genus_authority = [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius|Mart.]] |
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|synonyms_ref = <ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a/> |
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a/> |
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|synonyms = |
|synonyms = |
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*''Arrudaria'' <small>Macedo</small> |
* ''Arrudaria'' <small>Macedo</small> |
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*''Coryphomia'' <small>Rojas Acosta</small> |
* ''Coryphomia'' <small>Rojas Acosta</small> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Copernicia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Arecaceae|palms]], native to [[South America]] and the [[Greater Antilles]]. Of the known species and [[nothospecies]] ([[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]]), 22 of the 27 are [[endemic]] to [[Cuba]].<ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=46675 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> They are [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palms]] (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized [[tree]]s growing to 5-30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in [[savanna]] habitats.Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. |
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'''''Copernicia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Arecaceae|palms]] native to [[South America]] and the [[Greater Antilles]]. Of the known species and [[nothospecies]] ([[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]]), 22 of the 27 are [[endemic]] to [[Cuba]].<ref name=uiuiuiuiusdfiuisudfasduh0a>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=46675 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> They are [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palms]] (Arecaceae tribe [[Corypheae]]), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized [[tree]]s growing to 5–30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in [[savanna]] habitats.<ref>Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref> The genus is named after the <!-- do not start edits wars on "Polish"--> astronomer [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]. In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of [[wax]], known as [[carnauba wax]]. |
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;Species and hybrids<ref name = Kew>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |title= ''Copernicia''|accessdate=2014-08-11 |format= |work= [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}</ref> |
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==Species and hybrids== |
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# ''[[Copernicia alba]]'' <small>Morong</small> - Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul |
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''Copernicia'' species and hybrids are as follows.<ref name = Kew>{{cite web |url=http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |title=''Copernicia'' |access-date=2014-08-11 |work=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070827230407/http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Copernicia&page=quickSearch |archive-date=2007-08-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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# ''[[Copernicia baileyana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia berteroana]]'' <small>Becc.</small> - Hispaniola |
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# ''[[Copernicia brittonorum]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia x burretiana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. hospita × C. macroglossa)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia cowellii]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> - Camagüey Province in Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia curbeloi]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia curtissii]]'' <small>Becc.</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia ekmanii]]'' <small>Burret</small> - Haiti |
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# ''[[Copernicia fallense]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia gigas]]'' <small>Ekman ex Burret</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia glabrescens]]'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Becc</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia hospita]]'' <small>Mart.</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia humicola]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia longiglossa]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia macroglossa]]'' <small>Schaedtler</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia molineti]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia x occidentalis]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. brittonanum × C. hospita)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia prunifera]]'' <small>(Mill.) H.E.Moore</small> - northeastern Brazil |
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# ''[[Copernicia rigida]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia roigii]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba |
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# ''[[Copernicia × shaferi]]'' <small>Dahlgren & Glassman</small> - Cuba ''(C. cowellii × C. hospita)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia x sueroana]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. hospita × C. rigida)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia tectorum]]'' <small>(Kunth) Mart.</small> - Colombia, Venezuela |
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# ''[[Copernicia × textilis]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. baileyana × C. hospita)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia × vespertilionum]]'' <small>León</small> - Cuba ''(C. gigas × C. rigida)'' |
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# ''[[Copernicia yarey]]'' <small>Burret</small> - Cuba |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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The genus is named after the <!-- do not start edits wars--> Polish astronomer [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]. |
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! Image !! Scientific name !! Distribution |
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|[[File:Copernicia alba Jardín botánico de Valencia 01.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia alba]]'' <small>Morong</small> || Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul |
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|[[File:Copernicia baileyana 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia baileyana]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia berteroana - Naples Botanical Garden - Naples, Florida - DSC00046.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia berteroana]]'' <small>[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]</small> || Hispaniola |
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| ||''[[Copernicia brittonorum]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia cowellii]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> || Camagüey Province in Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia curbeloi]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia curtissii 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia curtissii]]'' <small>Becc.</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia ekmanii 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia ekmanii]]'' <small>Burret</small> || Haiti |
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|[[File:Copernicia fallaensis 5zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia fallaensis]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia gigas]]'' <small>Ekman ex Burret</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Cglabrescens.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia glabrescens]]'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Becc</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia hospita - Naples Botanical Garden - Naples, Florida - DSC00041.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia hospita]]'' <small>Mart.</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia humicola]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia longiglossa]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia macroglossa 6zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia macroglossa]]'' <small>Schaedtler</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia molineti]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Carnaúbas na caatinga.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia prunifera]]'' <small>(Mill.) H.E.Moore</small> || northeastern Brazil |
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|[[File:Copernicia rigida 1zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia rigida]]'' <small>Britton & P.Wilson</small> || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia roigii]]'' <small>León</small> || Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia tectorum 4zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia tectorum]]'' <small>(Kunth) Mart.</small> || Colombia, Venezuela |
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| ||''[[Copernicia yarey]]'' <small>Burret</small> || Cuba |
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===Natural hybrids=== |
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In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of [[wax]], known as [[carnauba wax]]. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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! Image !! Scientific name !! Parentage!! Distribution |
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| ||''[[Copernicia × burretiana]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. hospita × C. macroglossa'' || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia × occidentalis]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. brittonanum × C. hospita'' || Cuba |
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|||''[[Copernicia × textilis]]'' <small>León</small>||''C. baileyana × C. hospita'' || Cuba |
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| ||''[[Copernicia × vespertilionum]]'' <small>León</small> || ''C. gigas × C. rigida''|| Cuba |
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|||''[[Copernicia × shaferi]]'' <small>Dahlgren & Glassman</small> || ''C. cowellii × C. hospita''|| Cuba |
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|[[File:Copernicia x sueroana - University of California Botanical Garden - DSC08991.JPG|120px]] ||''[[Copernicia × sueroana]]'' <small>León</small> || ''C. hospita × C. rigida''|| Cuba |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Copernicia.html Sorting ''Copernicia'' names] |
* [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Copernicia.html Sorting ''Copernicia'' names] |
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*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2906 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Copernicia''] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090120133103/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2906 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Copernicia''] |
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*[http://www.fairchildgarden.org/palmguide/images.php?family=ARECACEAE&genus=Copernicia Pictures of genus members] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060927004957/http://www.fairchildgarden.org/palmguide/images.php?family=ARECACEAE&genus=Copernicia Pictures of genus members] |
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{{Arecaceae genera}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q135429}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Copernicia| ]] |
[[Category:Copernicia| ]] |
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[[Category:Trees of South America]] |
[[Category:Trees of South America]] |
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[[Category:Arecaceae genera]] |
[[Category:Arecaceae genera]] |
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[[Category:Nicolaus Copernicus]] |
Latest revision as of 21:17, 14 October 2023
Copernicia | |
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![]() | |
Copernica ceifera | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Arecales |
Family: | Arecaceae |
Subfamily: | Coryphoideae |
Tribe: | Trachycarpeae |
Genus: | Copernicia Mart. |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Copernicia is a genus of palms native to South America and the Greater Antilles. Of the known species and nothospecies (hybrids), 22 of the 27 are endemic to Cuba.[1] They are fan palms (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The species are small to medium-sized trees growing to 5–30 m tall, typically occurring close to streams and rivers in savanna habitats.[2] The genus is named after the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. In some of the species, the leaves are coated with a thin layer of wax, known as carnauba wax.
Species and hybrids
[edit]Copernicia species and hybrids are as follows.[3]
Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
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Copernicia alba Morong | Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso Sul | |
![]() |
Copernicia baileyana León | Cuba |
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Copernicia berteroana Becc. | Hispaniola |
Copernicia brittonorum León | Cuba | |
Copernicia cowellii Britton & P.Wilson | Camagüey Province in Cuba | |
Copernicia curbeloi León | Cuba | |
![]() |
Copernicia curtissii Becc. | Cuba |
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Copernicia ekmanii Burret | Haiti |
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Copernicia fallaensis León | Cuba |
Copernicia gigas Ekman ex Burret | Cuba | |
Copernicia glabrescens H.Wendl. ex Becc | Cuba | |
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Copernicia hospita Mart. | Cuba |
Copernicia humicola León | Cuba | |
Copernicia longiglossa León | Cuba | |
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Copernicia macroglossa Schaedtler | Cuba |
Copernicia molineti León | Cuba | |
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Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E.Moore | northeastern Brazil |
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Copernicia rigida Britton & P.Wilson | Cuba |
Copernicia roigii León | Cuba | |
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Copernicia tectorum (Kunth) Mart. | Colombia, Venezuela |
Copernicia yarey Burret | Cuba |
Natural hybrids
[edit]Image | Scientific name | Parentage | Distribution |
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Copernicia × burretiana León | C. hospita × C. macroglossa | Cuba | |
Copernicia × occidentalis León | C. brittonanum × C. hospita | Cuba | |
Copernicia × textilis León | C. baileyana × C. hospita | Cuba | |
Copernicia × vespertilionum León | C. gigas × C. rigida | Cuba | |
Copernicia × shaferi Dahlgren & Glassman | C. cowellii × C. hospita | Cuba | |
Copernicia × sueroana León | C. hospita × C. rigida | Cuba |
References
[edit]- ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ "Copernicia". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Archived from the original on 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2014-08-11.