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{{Short description|Dutch privateer}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Olivier van Noort
| name = Olivier van Noort
Line 5: Line 6:
| birth_date = 1558
| birth_date = 1558
| birth_place = [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]], [[Netherlands]]
| birth_place = [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]], [[Netherlands]]

| death_date = 22 February 1627
| death_date = 22 February 1627
| death_place =
| death_place = [[Schoonhoven]], [[Netherlands]]
⚫
| known_for = First [[Netherlands|Dutchman]] to [[circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the world.
| other_names =
| other_names =
⚫
| known_for = First [[Netherlands|Dutchman]] to [[circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the world.
}}
}}


'''Olivier van Noort''' (1558 – 22 February 1627) was the first [[Netherlands|Dutchman]] to [[circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the world.
'''Olivier van Noort''' (1558 – 22 February 1627) was a Dutch merchant captain and [[pirate]] and the first Dutchman to [[circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the world.<ref name=Quanchi>Quanchi, ''Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands'', page 246</ref>


Olivier van Noort was born in 1558 in [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]]. He left [[Rotterdam]] on 2 July 1598 with four ships and a plan to attack Spanish possessions in the [[Pacific]] and to trade with [[China]] and the [[Maluku Islands|Spice Islands]]. His ships were poorly equipped, especially in the way of armament and the crews were unruly.
Olivier van Noort was born in 1558 in [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]]. He left [[Rotterdam]] on 2 July 1598 with four ships and a plan to attack Spanish possessions in the Pacific and to trade with [[China]] and the [[Maluku Islands|Spice Islands]] during the [[Eighty Years' War]] between the Netherlands and Spain. His ships were poorly equipped, especially in the way of armament, and the crews were unruly.


Van Noort sailed through the [[Strait of Magellan]], and captured a number of Spanish and other ships along the Pacific coast of South America.<ref name=Quanchi/> While in the strait his men killed around forty indigenous [[Selk'nam people|Selknam]], in what was the bloodiest recorded event in the strait until then.<ref name=Martinic>{{cite book |last1=Martinic |first1=Mateo |author-link=Mateo Martinic |date=1977 |title=Historia del Estrecho de Magallanes |language=es |url=http://www.memoriachilena.cl/602/w3-article-10441.html |location=Santiago |publisher=Andrés Bello |pages=73–74}}</ref>
⚫
Nonetheless, Van Noort sailed through the [[Magellan Strait]], and captured a number of ships (Spanish and otherwise) in the Pacific. He lost two ships on the way due to a storm. In November and December 1600, he established a berth for his two remaining sailboats, ''Mauritius'' and ''Eendracht'', in the surroundings of [[Corregidor Island]] at [[Manila Bay]] in the [[Philippines]]. From there he engaged in what were perceived by the Spanish as pirate activities, targeting the sailing route to and from Manila. This situation was ended after the naval combat of [[Fortune Island (Philippines) |Fortune Island]] on December 14, 1600. The Spanish lost their flagship, the galleon [[San Antonio (ship)|''San Antonio'']] (its wreck would be found in 1992 and yield a treasure in [[porcelain]] and gold pieces) but the Spanish captured the Dutch ''Eendracht'', making van Noort's position intenable and forcing him to retire from the Philippines.


⚫
He lost two ships on the way due to a storm, including his largest ship, the ''Hendrick Frederick'', which was wrecked on [[Ternate]] in the [[Maluku Islands]].<ref name=Quanchi/> In November and December 1600, he established a berth for his two remaining ships, ''Mauritius'' and ''Eendracht'', in the surroundings of [[Corregidor Island]] at [[Manila Bay]] in the [[Philippines]]. From there he engaged in what were perceived by the Spanish as pirate activities, targeting the sailing route to and from Manila. This situation was ended after the naval combat of [[Fortune Island (Philippines)|Fortune Island]] on December 14, 1600. The Spanish lost their flagship, the galleon [[San Diego (ship)|''San Diego'']] (its wreck would be found in 1992 and yield a treasure in [[porcelain]] and gold pieces) but the Spanish captured the Dutch ''Eendracht'', making van Noort's position untenable and forcing him to retire from the Philippines.
⚫
Van Noort returned to Rotterdam via what would become the [[Dutch East Indies]] and the Cape of Good Hope on 26 August 1601 with his last ship, the ''Mauritius'', and 45 of originally 248 men. The venture barely broke even, but was the inspiration for more such expeditions. The united [[Dutch East India Company]] was formed a few months later.

⚫
Van Noort returned to Rotterdam via what would become the [[Dutch East Indies]] and the [[Cape of Good Hope]], on 26 August 1601 with his last ship, the ''Mauritius'', and 45 of the original 248 crew. The venture barely broke even, but was the inspiration for more such expeditions. The united [[Dutch East India Company]] was formed a few months later.

Van Noort's voyage is also told by [[Hans Koning]] in the book ''The Golden Keys'' ([[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] 1956, 1970), a fictionalized retelling of the voyage for children.


==References==
==References==
{{No footnotes|date=May 2013}}
{{More footnotes|date=May 2013}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*Gerhard, Peter. ''Pirates of the Pacific 1575-1742''. Glendale, Ca: A.H. Clark Co., 1990. ISBN 0-8032-7030-5
* Gerhard, P. ''Pirates of the Pacific, 1575–1742''. Glendale, Ca: A.H. Clark Co., 1990. {{ISBN|0-8032-7030-5}}
*Gerhard, Peter. ''Pirates of New Spain, 1575-1742''. Mineola, Ny: Courier Dover Publications, 2003. ISBN 0-486-42611-4
* Gerhard, P. ''Pirates of New Spain, 1575–1742''. Mineola, Ny: Courier Dover Publications, 2003. {{ISBN|0-486-42611-4}}
*Lane, Kris E. ''Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas, 1500-1750''. Armunk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998. ISBN 0-7656-0257-1
* Lane, K. E. ''Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas, 1500–1750''. Armunk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998. {{ISBN|0-7656-0257-1}}
* {{cite book | last = Quanchi | first = M.| year = 2005 | title = Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands | publisher = The Scarecrow Press | isbn = 0810853957}}
*Schmidt, Benjamin. ''Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570-1670''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-521-80408-6
*Silverberg, Robert. ''The Longest Voyage: Circumnavigation in the Age Of Discovery (1972)'' 1997 Ohio University Press, ISBN 0-8214-1192-6
* Schmidt, B. ''Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570–1670''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-521-80408-6}}
* Silverberg, R. ''The Longest Voyage: Circumnavigation in the Age Of Discovery (1972)'' 1997 Ohio University Press, {{ISBN|0-8214-1192-6}}
* Bennett, R. S. "Australia and its neighbours, 1494–1799: Western powers reach out to the East and Pacific Ocean" Auckland, New Zealand RSB Publications 2014 {{ISBN|9780473276591}}.


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Olivier van Noort}}
* {{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Noort, Olivier Van|year=1900 |short=x |notaref=x}}
* {{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Noort, Olivier Van|year=1900 |short=x |notaref=x}}


{{Authority control|VIAF=27204770}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Noort, Olivier van
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =Dutch privateer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1558
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]], [[Netherlands]]
| DATE OF DEATH =22 February 1627
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Noort, Olivier Van}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Noort, Olivier Van}}
[[Category:1558 births]]
[[Category:1558 births]]
[[Category:1627 deaths]]
[[Category:1627 deaths]]
[[Category:Circumnavigators of the globe]]
[[Category:Circumnavigators of the globe]]
⚫
[[Category:Dutch explorers]]
[[Category:People from Utrecht (city)]]
[[Category:People from Utrecht (city)]]
[[Category:People of the Dutch Golden Age]]
[[Category:16th-century Dutch explorers]]
⚫
[[Category:17th-century Dutch explorers]]
[[Category:Dutch people of the Eighty Years' War (United Provinces)]]

Revision as of 08:13, 24 October 2023

Olivier van Noort
Dutchman, maritime explorer
Born1558
Utrecht, Netherlands
Died22 February 1627
Schoonhoven, Netherlands
Known forFirst Dutchman to circumnavigate the world.

Olivier van Noort (1558 – 22 February 1627) was a Dutch merchant captain and pirate and the first Dutchman to circumnavigate the world.[1]

Olivier van Noort was born in 1558 in Utrecht. He left Rotterdam on 2 July 1598 with four ships and a plan to attack Spanish possessions in the Pacific and to trade with China and the Spice Islands during the Eighty Years' War between the Netherlands and Spain. His ships were poorly equipped, especially in the way of armament, and the crews were unruly.

Van Noort sailed through the Strait of Magellan, and captured a number of Spanish and other ships along the Pacific coast of South America.[1] While in the strait his men killed around forty indigenous Selknam, in what was the bloodiest recorded event in the strait until then.[2]

He lost two ships on the way due to a storm, including his largest ship, the Hendrick Frederick, which was wrecked on Ternate in the Maluku Islands.[1] In November and December 1600, he established a berth for his two remaining ships, Mauritius and Eendracht, in the surroundings of Corregidor Island at Manila Bay in the Philippines. From there he engaged in what were perceived by the Spanish as pirate activities, targeting the sailing route to and from Manila. This situation was ended after the naval combat of Fortune Island on December 14, 1600. The Spanish lost their flagship, the galleon San Diego (its wreck would be found in 1992 and yield a treasure in porcelain and gold pieces) but the Spanish captured the Dutch Eendracht, making van Noort's position untenable and forcing him to retire from the Philippines.

Van Noort returned to Rotterdam via what would become the Dutch East Indies and the Cape of Good Hope, on 26 August 1601 with his last ship, the Mauritius, and 45 of the original 248 crew. The venture barely broke even, but was the inspiration for more such expeditions. The united Dutch East India Company was formed a few months later.

Van Noort's voyage is also told by Hans Koning in the book The Golden Keys (Doubleday 1956, 1970), a fictionalized retelling of the voyage for children.

References

  1. ^ a b c Quanchi, Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands, page 246
  2. ^ Martinic, Mateo (1977). Historia del Estrecho de Magallanes (in Spanish). Santiago: Andrés Bello. pp. 73–74.

Further reading

  • Gerhard, P. Pirates of the Pacific, 1575–1742. Glendale, Ca: A.H. Clark Co., 1990. ISBN 0-8032-7030-5
  • Gerhard, P. Pirates of New Spain, 1575–1742. Mineola, Ny: Courier Dover Publications, 2003. ISBN 0-486-42611-4
  • Lane, K. E. Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas, 1500–1750. Armunk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998. ISBN 0-7656-0257-1
  • Quanchi, M. (2005). Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810853957.
  • Schmidt, B. Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570–1670. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-521-80408-6
  • Silverberg, R. The Longest Voyage: Circumnavigation in the Age Of Discovery (1972) 1997 Ohio University Press, ISBN 0-8214-1192-6
  • Bennett, R. S. "Australia and its neighbours, 1494–1799: Western powers reach out to the East and Pacific Ocean" Auckland, New Zealand RSB Publications 2014 ISBN 9780473276591.
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