Colourant: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Substance used to change the colour of a material or surface}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}} |
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A '''colourant''' (British spelling) or '''colorant''' (American spelling) is a substance that is |
A '''colourant'''/'''colour additive''' (British spelling) or '''colorant'''/'''color additive''' (American spelling) is a substance that is added or applied in order to change the [[colour]] of a material or surface. Colourants can be used for many purposes including [[printing]], [[painting]], and for colouring many types of materials such as [[food colouring|foods]] and [[plastic colorant|plastics]]. Colourants work by absorbing varying amounts of [[light]] at different [[wavelength]]s (or [[frequencies]]) of its [[visible spectrum|spectrum]], transmitting (if translucent) or reflecting the remaining light in straight lines or [[Light scattering|scattered]]. |
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Most colourants can be classified as [[dye]]s or [[pigment]]s, or containing some combination of these. Typical dyes are formulated as solutions, while pigments are made up of solid particles suspended and are generally suspended in a vehicle (e.g., linseed oil). The colour a colourant imparts to a substance is mediated by other ingredients it is mixed with such as [[Binder (material)|binders]] and [[Filler (materials)|fillers]] are added, for example in [[paint]]s and [[ink]]s. In addition, some colourants impart colour through reactions with other substances. |
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Colourants work by absorbing varying amounts of [[light]] at different [[wavelength]]s (or [[frequencies]]) of its [[visible spectrum|spectrum]], transmitting (if translucent) or reflecting/scattering the remaining light. Most colourants can be classified as (or as containing) [[dye]]s, [[pigment]]s, or some combination of these. Typically, dyes are largely translucent while pigment particles are partially or entirely opaque. |
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Colourants, or their constituent [[chemical compound|compounds]], may be classified chemically as [[inorganic]] (often from a mineral source) and [[organic compound|organic]] (often from a [[biological pigment|biological]] source). |
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== Regulation == |
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[[Paint]]s and [[ink]]s are colourants that are themselves usually made from pigment and/or and dye colourants, along with binders, fillers and additional components. |
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=== United States === |
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In the US, the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) regulates colourants for food safety and accurate labelling.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm094211.htm#coloradd|title=Overview of Food Ingredients, Additives & Colors|publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
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* [[Food colouring]] |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Color]] |
[[Category:Color]] |
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{{Colour-stub}} |
{{Colour-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:30, 10 November 2023
A colourant/colour additive (British spelling) or colorant/color additive (American spelling) is a substance that is added or applied in order to change the colour of a material or surface. Colourants can be used for many purposes including printing, painting, and for colouring many types of materials such as foods and plastics. Colourants work by absorbing varying amounts of light at different wavelengths (or frequencies) of its spectrum, transmitting (if translucent) or reflecting the remaining light in straight lines or scattered.
Most colourants can be classified as dyes or pigments, or containing some combination of these. Typical dyes are formulated as solutions, while pigments are made up of solid particles suspended and are generally suspended in a vehicle (e.g., linseed oil). The colour a colourant imparts to a substance is mediated by other ingredients it is mixed with such as binders and fillers are added, for example in paints and inks. In addition, some colourants impart colour through reactions with other substances.
Colourants, or their constituent compounds, may be classified chemically as inorganic (often from a mineral source) and organic (often from a biological source).
Regulation
[edit]Vereinigte Staaten
[edit]In the US, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates colourants for food safety and accurate labelling.[1]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]| Authority control databases: National |
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