Colostethus: Difference between revisions

Colostethus
	Colostethus pratti
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Dendrobatidae
Subfamily:	Colostethinae
Genus:	Colostethus; Cope, 1866
Diversity
	12 species (see text)
Synonyms
	Prostherapis Cope, 1868;

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Colostethus is a genus of poison dart frogs native to Central and South America, from Panama south to Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. Their common name is rocket frogs,^[1] but this name may refer to frogs in other genera and families, following the taxonomic revision of the genus in 2006.^[2]

Taxonomy

Formerly, the genus Colostethus was found to be "rampantly nonmonophyletic" in the taxonomic revision of poison dart frogs published in 2006.^[3] Before the revision, it had 138 species, but this was reduced to 18 species, after species of the former Colostethus were distributed among eight genera in two families, that is, in Dendrobatidae and in the newly established family Aromobatidae (e..g., Anomaloglossus). Within Dendrobatidae, many former Colostethus species were moved to Hyloxalus, while three were moved to the new genus Silverstoneia.^[3] Nevertheless, Colostethus is still considered paraphyletic because some Colostethus are more closely related to Ameerega than to other Colostethus.^[1]

Description

Dorsal colouration is cryptic, brown. A pale oblique lateral stripe is present (but may be broken or incomplete). Dorsal skin is granular posteriorly. In adult males, third finger is swollen.^[3]

Species

There are currently 12 species in this genus:^[1]

Colostethus agilis Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1985
Colostethus furviventris Rivero and Serna, 1991
Colostethus imbricolus Silverstone, 1975
Colostethus inguinalis (Cope, 1868)
Colostethus jacobuspetersi Rivero, 1991
Colostethus latinasus (Cope, 1863)
Colostethus lynchi Grant, 1998
Colostethus mertensi (Cochran and Goin, 1964)
Colostethus panamansis (Dunn, 1933)
Colostethus pratti (Boulenger, 1899)
Colostethus thorntoni (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
Colostethus ucumari Grant, 2007

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Colostethus Cope, 1866". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0". American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c Grant, T.; Frost, D. R.; Caldwell, J. P.; Gagliardo, R.; Haddad, C. F. B.; Kok, P. J. R.; Means, D. B.; Noonan, B. P.; Schargel, W. E. & Wheeler, W. C. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 299: 1–262. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 82263880.

External links

Media related to Colostethus at Wikimedia Commons

[frost-1] Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Colostethus Cope, 1866". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 16 April 2015.

[2] Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0". American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 16 April 2015.

[GrantEtal2006-3] Grant, T.; Frost, D. R.; Caldwell, J. P.; Gagliardo, R.; Haddad, C. F. B.; Kok, P. J. R.; Means, D. B.; Noonan, B. P.; Schargel, W. E. & Wheeler, W. C. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 299: 1–262. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 82263880.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
-{{sources}}
+{{Automatic taxobox
-{{Taxobox
-| name = ''Colostethus''
+| taxon = Colostethus
+| authority = [[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1866
-| image=Colosthethus flotator.jpg
+| diversity = 12 species (see [[#Species|text]])
-| image_width = 240px
+| synonyms = * ''Prostherapis'' <small>Cope, 1868</small>
-| image_caption = [[Rainforest Rocket Frog]], ''Colostethus flotator''
+| image = Colostethus pratti02.jpg
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
-| phylum = [[Chordata]]
+| image_caption = ''[[Colostethus pratti]]''
-| subphylum = [[Vertebrata]]
-| classis = [[Amphibia]]
-| subclassis = [[Lissamphibia]]
-| ordo = [[Anura]]
-| subordo = [[Neobatrachia]]
-| familia = [[Dendrobatidae]]
-| subfamilia = [[Colostethinae]]
-| genus = '''''Colostethus'''''
-| genus_authority = [[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1866
-| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
-| subdivision = See text.
 }}
+'''''Colostethus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[poison dart frog]]s native to Central and South America, from Panama south to Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. Their common name is '''rocket frogs''',<ref name=frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Dendrobatidae/Colostethinae/Colostethus |title=''Colostethus'' Cope, 1866 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=16 April 2015}}</ref> but this name may refer to frogs in other genera and families, following the taxonomic revision of the genus in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/ |title=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=16 April 2015}}</ref>
-'''''Colostethus''''' is a large [[genus]] of [[dendrobatid]] frogs native to [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]. Unlike most members of the family Dendrobatidae (the dart-poison frogs), members of the genus ''Colostethus'' are not usually brightly colored or poisonous. ''Colostethus'' is [[paraphyletic]] as presently delimited, because although all species have a common ancestor, not all species descended from that ancestor are included in ''Colostethus''. Current [[evolution]]ary studies will likely result in splitting of ''Colostethus'' into segregate genera in the near future.
+==Taxonomy==
-Since a 2006 review, ''Hyloxalus'' has absorbed many of the species.<ref>http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/bitstream/2246/5803/1/B299.pdf</ref>
+Formerly, the genus ''Colostethus'' was found to be "rampantly [[Polyphyly|nonmonophyletic]]" in the taxonomic revision of [[poison dart frog]]s published in 2006.<ref name=GrantEtal2006>{{cite journal |author1=Grant, T. |author2=Frost, D. R. |author3=Caldwell, J. P. |author4=Gagliardo, R. |author5=Haddad, C. F. B. |author6=Kok, P. J. R. |author7=Means, D. B. |author8=Noonan, B. P. |author9=Schargel, W. E. |author10=Wheeler, W. C. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title=Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae) |journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=299 |pages=1–262 |doi=10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=82263880 |url=http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/bitstream/2246/5803/1/B299.pdf}}</ref> Before the revision, it had 138 species, but this was reduced to 18 species, after species of the former ''Colostethus'' were distributed among eight genera in two families, that is, in Dendrobatidae and in the newly established family [[Aromobatidae]] (e..g., ''[[Anomaloglossus]]''). Within Dendrobatidae, many former ''Colostethus'' species were moved to ''[[Hyloxalus]]'', while three were moved to the new genus ''[[Silverstoneia]]''.<ref name=GrantEtal2006/> Nevertheless, ''Colostethus'' is still considered [[paraphyletic]] because some ''Colostethus'' are more closely related to ''[[Ameerega]]'' than to other ''Colostethus''.<ref name=frost/>
+==Description==
+[[Dorsum (anatomy)|Dorsal]] colouration is cryptic, brown. A pale oblique lateral stripe is present (but may be broken or incomplete). Dorsal skin is granular posteriorly. In adult males, third finger is swollen.<ref name=GrantEtal2006/>
 ==Species==
+There are currently 12 species in this genus:<ref name=frost/>
-{{wikispecies}}
+{{Columns-list|colwidth=25em|
-<div float="left">
+* ''[[Colostethus agilis]]'' <small>Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1985</small>
-{{col-begin|width=70%}}
+* ''[[Colostethus furviventris]]'' <small>Rivero and Serna, 1991</small>
-{{col-1-of-3}}
-* ''[[Colostethus agilis]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus imbricolus]]'' <small>Silverstone, 1975</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus alacris]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus inguinalis]]'' <small>(Cope, 1868)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus alagoanus]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus jacobuspetersi]]'' <small>Rivero, 1991</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus alessandroi]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus latinasus]]'' <small>(Cope, 1863)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus atopoglossus]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus lynchi]]'' <small>Grant, 1998</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus ayarzaguenai]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus mertensi]]'' <small>(Cochran and Goin, 1964)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus baeobatrachus]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus panamansis]]'' <small>(Dunn, 1933)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus beebei]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus pratti]]'' <small>(Boulenger, 1899)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus betancuri]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus thorntoni]]'' <small>(Cochran and Goin, 1970)</small>
-* ''[[Colostethus brachistriatus]]''
+* ''[[Colostethus ucumari]]'' <small>Grant, 2007</small>
+}}
-* ''[[Colostethus breviquartus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus breweri]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus bromelicola]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus brunneus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus cacerensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus caeruleodactylus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus capixaba]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus capurinensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus caribe]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus carioca]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus chalcopis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus degranvillei]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus delatorreae]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus dunni]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus dysprosium]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus edwardsi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus erasmios]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus faciopunctulatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus fallax]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus fascianiger]]''
-{{col-2-of-3}}
-* ''[[Colostethus flotator]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus fraterdanieli]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus fugax]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus fuliginosus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus furviventris]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus goianus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus granti]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus guanayensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus humilis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus idiomelas]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus imbricolus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus infraguttatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus inguinalis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus jacobuspetersi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus juanii]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus kaiei]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus kingsburyi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus lacrimosus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus latinasus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus lehmanni]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus littoralis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus lynchi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus machalilla]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus mandelorum]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus maquipucuna]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus marchesianus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus marmoreoventris]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus mcdiarmidi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus melanolaemus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus mertensi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus mittermeieri]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus murisipanensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus mystax]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus nexipus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus nidicola]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus nubicola]]'' – [[Boquete Rocket Frog]]
-* ''[[Colostethus olfersioides]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus palmatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus parimae]]''
-{{col-3-of-3}}
-* ''[[Colostethus parkerae]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus peculiaris]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus peruvianus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus picacho]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus pinguis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus poecilonotus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus praderioi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus pratti]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus pseudopalmatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus pulchellus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus pumilus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ramirezi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ramosi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ranoides]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus roraima]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ruizi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ruthveni]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus saltuarius]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus saltuensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus sanmartini]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus sauli]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus shrevei]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus shuar]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus stepheni]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus subfolionidificans]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus subpunctatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus sylvaticus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus talamancae]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus tamacuarensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus tepuyensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus thorntoni]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus toachi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus trilineatus]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus ucumari]]'' <small>Grant, 2007</small><!-- Zootaxa 1555: 39 -->
-* ''[[Colostethus undulates]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus utcubambensis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus vergeli]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus vertebralis]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus whymperi]]''
-* ''[[Colostethus yaguara]]''
-{{col-end}}
-</div>
+==References==
+{{Reflist|30em}}
+==External links==
-{{Dendrobatidae-stub}}
+*{{Commons category-inline}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q134089}}
-[[Category:Colostethus| ]]
+{{Authority control}}
-[[de:Colostethus]]
+[[Category:Colostethus| ]]
+[[Category:Poison dart frogs]]
-[[fr:Colostethus]]
+[[Category:Amphibians of Central America]]
-[[lt:Tamsiosios medlaipės]]
+[[Category:Amphibians of South America]]
-[[nl:Colostethus]]
+[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
-[[pl:Colostethus]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope]]