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[[File:Памятник Раймонде Дьен в Зеленогорске СПб.JPG|thumb|Copy of the statue of Dien, in [[Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg]]]]
[[File:Памятник Раймонде Дьен в Зеленогорске СПб.JPG|thumb|Copy of the statue of Dien, in [[Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg]]]]


'''Raymonde Dien''' ({{Nee|'''Huberdeau'''}}; 13 May 1929<ref>Claude Pennetier (<abbr>dir.</abbr>), <abbr>vol.</abbr> 4 : ''Cos à Dy'', Paris, Éditions de l'Atelier, <abbr>coll.</abbr> « Le Maitron », 2008, 460 <abbr>p.</abbr> ({{ISBN|978-2-7082-3995-1}}), <abbr>p.</abbr> 331.</ref> – 19 August 2022) was a French [[communist]] activist. She became known for being imprisoned during ten months in 1950 after a protest against the [[First Indochina War|Indochina War]].
'''Raymonde Dien''' ({{Nee|'''Huberdeau'''}}; 13 May 1929<ref>Claude Pennetier (<abbr>dir.</abbr>), <abbr>vol.</abbr> 4 : ''Cos à Dy'', Paris, Éditions de l'Atelier, <abbr>coll.</abbr> « Le Maitron », 2008, 460 <abbr>p.</abbr> ({{ISBN|978-2-7082-3995-1}}), <abbr>p.</abbr> 331.</ref> – 19 August 2022) was a French [[communist]] activist. She became known for being imprisoned for ten months in 1950 after a protest against the [[First Indochina War|Indochina War]].


== Life ==
== Life ==
On 23 February 1950, Raymonde Dien, a shorthand typist, participated in an improvised demonstration, alongside several hundred other members and supporters of the [[French Communist Party]]. They demonstrated at the train station of [[Saint-Pierre-des-Corps]], in order to slow down a military train transporting armoured vehicles destined for [[Mainland Southeast Asia|Indochina]].<ref name="a">Alain Ruscio, "Il y a 60 ans, Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin", ''L'Humanité'', 11 March 2010 https://www.humanite.fr/node/434397 [accessed 4 May 2019]</ref> The crowd occupied the train tracks, and some participants laid down on them. Once the demonstration was over, the military personnel in charge of the convoy signalled a woman wearing trousers to the police forces. She was arrested by the police.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bodin|first=Michel|date=2000|title=L'ENGAGEMENT DES FEMMES DURANT LA GUERRE D'INDOCHINE 1945–1954|journal=Guerres Mondiales et Conflits Contemporains|issue=198|pages=137–149|issn=0984-2292|jstor=25732682}}</ref> They matched her to the description and had witnesses recognize her. They accused her of having laid down on the tracks.<ref name="a" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=L'affaire Henri Martin et la lutte contre la guerre d'Indochine|last=Ruscio|first=Alain|publisher=Éd. Le Temps des Cerises|year=2005|isbn=978-2841095001|location=Paris|pages=171–179}}</ref>
On 23 February 1950, Raymonde Dien, a shorthand typist, participated in an improvised demonstration, alongside several hundred other members and supporters of the [[French Communist Party]]. They demonstrated at the train station of [[Saint-Pierre-des-Corps]], in order to slow down a military train transporting armoured vehicles destined for [[Mainland Southeast Asia|Indochina]].<ref name="a">Alain Ruscio, "Il y a 60 ans, Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin", ''L'Humanité'', 11 March 2010 https://www.humanite.fr/node/434397 [accessed 4 May 2019]</ref> The crowd occupied the train tracks, and some participants lay down on them. Once the demonstration was over, the military personnel in charge of the convoy signalled a woman wearing trousers to the police forces. She was arrested by the police.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bodin|first=Michel|date=2000|title=L'ENGAGEMENT DES FEMMES DURANT LA GUERRE D'INDOCHINE 1945–1954|journal=Guerres Mondiales et Conflits Contemporains|issue=198|pages=137–149|issn=0984-2292|jstor=25732682}}</ref> They matched her to the description and had witnesses recognize her. They accused her of having lain down on the tracks.<ref name="a" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=L'affaire Henri Martin et la lutte contre la guerre d'Indochine|last=Ruscio|first=Alain|publisher=Éd. Le Temps des Cerises|year=2005|isbn=978-2841095001|location=Paris|pages=171–179}}</ref>


She was imprisoned in [[Tours]]. She was the only demonstrator to be prosecuted; the secretary of the railroaders' section of the [[General Confederation of Labour (France)|CGT]], a French trade union associated with the Communist Party, also imprisoned, was freed after three weeks. She was prosecuted for "participation in an act of deterioration of equipment susceptible to be used for national Defense."<ref name="b">{{cite web|url=http://www.ldh-toulon.net/spip.php?article3780|title=il y a 60 ans : Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin contre la guerre d'Indochine|last=[[Alain Ruscio]]|date=3 March 2010|publisher=section de [[Toulon]] de la [[Ligue française pour la défense des droits de l'homme et du citoyen|Ligue des droits de l'homme]]|access-date=6 February 2013}}</ref> She was transferred to the [[Château du Hâ|Fort of Hâ]] in [[Bordeaux]], where she was incarcerated with two ex-secretaries of the [[Gestapo]].<ref name="a" />
She was imprisoned in [[Tours]]. She was the only demonstrator to be prosecuted; the secretary of the railroaders' section of the [[General Confederation of Labour (France)|CGT]], a French trade union associated with the Communist Party, also imprisoned, was freed after three weeks. She was prosecuted for "participation in an act of deterioration of equipment susceptible to be used for national Defense."<ref name="b">{{cite web|url=http://www.ldh-toulon.net/spip.php?article3780|title=il y a 60 ans : Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin contre la guerre d'Indochine|last=[[Alain Ruscio]]|date=3 March 2010|publisher=section de [[Toulon]] de la [[Ligue française pour la défense des droits de l'homme et du citoyen|Ligue des droits de l'homme]]|access-date=6 February 2013}}</ref> She was transferred to the [[Château du Hâ|Fort of Hâ]] in [[Bordeaux]], where she was incarcerated with two ex-secretaries of the [[Gestapo]].<ref name="a" />
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The lawyer [[Marie-Louise Jacquier-Cachin]] defended her,<ref name="a" /><ref>"Raymonde Dien se souvient". Association d'amitié franco-vietnamienne. Retrieved 6 February 2013. http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20130206192020/http://www.aafv.org/Raymonde-Dien-se-souvient</ref> but a military court condemned her after a two-day trial, on 1 June 1950, to a year in prison<ref name="a" /> and fifteen years of deprivation of civic rights.
The lawyer [[Marie-Louise Jacquier-Cachin]] defended her,<ref name="a" /><ref>"Raymonde Dien se souvient". Association d'amitié franco-vietnamienne. Retrieved 6 February 2013. http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20130206192020/http://www.aafv.org/Raymonde-Dien-se-souvient</ref> but a military court condemned her after a two-day trial, on 1 June 1950, to a year in prison<ref name="a" /> and fifteen years of deprivation of civic rights.


Her trial was politically motivated.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coddacioni|first=Vanessa|date=2017|title=Le procès politique comme coproduction entre l'État et ses opposants: l'exemple des affaires communistes (1947–1962)|url=https://www.cairn.info/revue-histoire-de-la-justice-2017-1-page-163.htm|journal=Histoire de la Justice|volume=1|issue=27|pages=163–175|via=Cairn}}</ref> Alongside [[Henri Martin (French politician)|Henri Martin]],<ref name="a" /> she became a symbol of the opposition to the Indochina War. A campaign to support her was organised in France and in communist countries. [[Maurice Thorez]], general secretary of the Communist Party, declared his support to both Henri Martin and her,<ref name="b"/> and they also became part of an activist song: "Henri Martin, Raymonde Dien / Don't want us to kill the Vietnamese / They love peace so much / That they are suspect to the judges."<ref name="a" />
Her trial was politically motivated.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coddacioni|first=Vanessa|date=2017|title=Le procès politique comme coproduction entre l'État et ses opposants: l'exemple des affaires communistes (1947–1962)|url=https://www.cairn.info/revue-histoire-de-la-justice-2017-1-page-163.htm|journal=Histoire de la Justice|volume=1|issue=27|pages=163–175|doi=10.3917/rhj.027.0163 |via=Cairn}}</ref> Alongside [[Henri Martin (French politician)|Henri Martin]],<ref name="a" /> she became a symbol of the opposition to the Indochina War. A campaign to support her was organised in France and in communist countries. [[Maurice Thorez]], general secretary of the Communist Party, declared his support to both Henri Martin and her,<ref name="b"/> and they also became part of an activist song: "Henri Martin, Raymonde Dien / Don't want us to kill the Vietnamese / They love peace so much / That they are suspect to the judges."<ref name="a" />


Raymonde Dien was freed on Christmas in 1950.<ref name="b"/> Between 1953 and 1958, she was one of the leaders of the Union des jeunes filles de France ('Union of Young Women of France'), the women's branch of the PCF's youth organization.
Raymonde Dien was freed on Christmas in 1950.<ref name="b"/> Between 1953 and 1958, she was one of the leaders of the Union des jeunes filles de France ('Union of Young Women of France'), the women's branch of the PCF's youth organization.


Dien died on 19 August 2022, at the age of 93.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnams-great-friend-passes-away/235981.amp |title=Vietnam’s great friend passes away |work=Vietnamplus |date=20 August 2022 |access-date=20 August 2022}}</ref>
Dien died on 19 August 2022, at the age of 93.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnams-great-friend-passes-away/235981.amp |title=Vietnam's great friend passes away |work=Vietnamplus |date=20 August 2022 |access-date=20 August 2022}}</ref>


== Tributes ==
== Tributes ==
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[[Category:People from Indre-et-Loire]]
[[Category:People from Indre-et-Loire]]
[[Category:French Communist Party members]]
[[Category:French Communist Party members]]
[[Category:French pacifists]]
[[Category:Indochina Wars]]
[[Category:Indochina Wars]]
[[Category:20th-century French women]]
[[Category:20th-century French women]]

Latest revision as of 23:42, 22 November 2023

Statue of Dien in the Moskovsky Victory Park in Saint Petersburg
Copy of the statue of Dien, in Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg

Raymonde Dien (née Huberdeau; 13 May 1929[1] – 19 August 2022) was a French communist activist. She became known for being imprisoned for ten months in 1950 after a protest against the Indochina War.

Leben

[edit]

On 23 February 1950, Raymonde Dien, a shorthand typist, participated in an improvised demonstration, alongside several hundred other members and supporters of the French Communist Party. They demonstrated at the train station of Saint-Pierre-des-Corps, in order to slow down a military train transporting armoured vehicles destined for Indochina.[2] The crowd occupied the train tracks, and some participants lay down on them. Once the demonstration was over, the military personnel in charge of the convoy signalled a woman wearing trousers to the police forces. She was arrested by the police.[3] They matched her to the description and had witnesses recognize her. They accused her of having lain down on the tracks.[2][4]

She was imprisoned in Tours. She was the only demonstrator to be prosecuted; the secretary of the railroaders' section of the CGT, a French trade union associated with the Communist Party, also imprisoned, was freed after three weeks. She was prosecuted for "participation in an act of deterioration of equipment susceptible to be used for national Defense."[5] She was transferred to the Fort of Hâ in Bordeaux, where she was incarcerated with two ex-secretaries of the Gestapo.[2]

The lawyer Marie-Louise Jacquier-Cachin defended her,[2][6] but a military court condemned her after a two-day trial, on 1 June 1950, to a year in prison[2] and fifteen years of deprivation of civic rights.

Her trial was politically motivated.[7] Alongside Henri Martin,[2] she became a symbol of the opposition to the Indochina War. A campaign to support her was organised in France and in communist countries. Maurice Thorez, general secretary of the Communist Party, declared his support to both Henri Martin and her,[5] and they also became part of an activist song: "Henri Martin, Raymonde Dien / Don't want us to kill the Vietnamese / They love peace so much / That they are suspect to the judges."[2]

Raymonde Dien was freed on Christmas in 1950.[5] Between 1953 and 1958, she was one of the leaders of the Union des jeunes filles de France ('Union of Young Women of France'), the women's branch of the PCF's youth organization.

Dien died on 19 August 2022, at the age of 93.[8]

Tributes

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Claude Pennetier (dir.), vol. 4 : Cos à Dy, Paris, Éditions de l'Atelier, coll. « Le Maitron », 2008, 460 p. (ISBN 978-2-7082-3995-1), p. 331.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Alain Ruscio, "Il y a 60 ans, Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin", L'Humanité, 11 March 2010 https://www.humanite.fr/node/434397 [accessed 4 May 2019]
  3. ^ Bodin, Michel (2000). "L'ENGAGEMENT DES FEMMES DURANT LA GUERRE D'INDOCHINE 1945–1954". Guerres Mondiales et Conflits Contemporains (198): 137–149. ISSN 0984-2292. JSTOR 25732682.
  4. ^ Ruscio, Alain (2005). L'affaire Henri Martin et la lutte contre la guerre d'Indochine. Paris: Éd. Le Temps des Cerises. pp. 171–179. ISBN 978-2841095001.
  5. ^ a b c Alain Ruscio (3 March 2010). "il y a 60 ans : Raymonde Dien et Henri Martin contre la guerre d'Indochine". section de Toulon de la Ligue des droits de l'homme. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  6. ^ "Raymonde Dien se souvient". Association d'amitié franco-vietnamienne. Retrieved 6 February 2013. http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20130206192020/http://www.aafv.org/Raymonde-Dien-se-souvient
  7. ^ Coddacioni, Vanessa (2017). "Le procès politique comme coproduction entre l'État et ses opposants: l'exemple des affaires communistes (1947–1962)". Histoire de la Justice. 1 (27): 163–175. doi:10.3917/rhj.027.0163 – via Cairn.
  8. ^ "Vietnam's great friend passes away". Vietnamplus. 20 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  9. ^ Wisława Szymborska, Dlatego żyjemy, Warsaw 1954, p. 10.

See also

[edit]
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