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{{Infobox legislative election
{{Politics of Iceland}}
| country = Iceland
| previous_election = [[June 1959 Icelandic parliamentary election|June 1959]]
| election_date = 25 and 26 October 1959
| next_election = [[1963 Icelandic parliamentary election|1963]]
| seats_for_election = All 40 seats in the Lower House<br>and 20 seats in the Upper House of [[Althing]]
| turnout = 90.37%


| heading1 = Upper House
'''Early parliamentary elections''' were held in [[Iceland]] on 25 and 26 October 1959.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]] & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p961 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7</ref> Following the electoral reforms made after the [[Icelandic parliamentary election, June 1959|June elections]], the [[Independence Party (Iceland)|Independence Party]] won 16 of the 40 seats in the Lower House of the [[Althing]].<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p976</ref>
| heading5 = Lower House

| leader1 = [[Ólafur Thors]]
| leader5 = [[Ólafur Thors]]
| party1 = Independence Party (Iceland)
| party5 = Independence Party (Iceland)
| last_election1 = 7
| last_election5 = 13
| seats1 = 8
| seats5 = 16
| percentage1 = 39.72
| percentage5 = 39.72

| leader2 = [[Hermann Jónasson]]
| leader6 = [[Hermann Jónasson]]
| party2 = Progressive Party (Iceland)
| party6 = Progressive Party (Iceland)
| last_election2 = 6
| last_election6 = 13
| seats2 = 6
| seats6 = 11
| percentage2 = 25.71
| percentage6 = 25.71

| leader3 = {{nowrap|[[Hannibal Valdimarsson]]}}
| leader7 = {{nowrap|[[Hannibal Valdimarsson]]}}
| party3 = People's Alliance (Iceland)
| party7 = People's Alliance (Iceland)
| last_election3 = 2
| last_election7 = 5
| seats3 = 3
| seats7 = 7
| percentage3 = 16.01
| percentage7 = 16.01

| leader4 = [[Emil Jónsson]]
| leader8 = [[Emil Jónsson]]
| party4 = Social Democratic Party (Iceland)
| party8 = Social Democratic Party (Iceland)
| last_election4 = 2
| last_election8 = 4
| seats4 = 3
| seats8 = 6
| percentage4 = 15.17
| percentage8 = 15.17

| title = [[Prime Minister of Iceland|Prime Minister]]
| before_election = [[Emil Jónsson]]
| before_party = Social Democratic Party (Iceland)
| after_election = [[Ólafur Thors]]
| after_party = Independence Party (Iceland)
}}{{Politics of Iceland}}

'''Early parliamentary elections''' were held in [[Iceland]] on 25 and 26 October 1959.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p961 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> Following the electoral reforms made after the [[June 1959 Icelandic parliamentary election|June elections]], the [[Independence Party (Iceland)|Independence Party]] won 16 of the 40 seats in the Lower House of the [[Althing]].<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p976</ref>


==Electoral reforms==
==Electoral reforms==
The June 1959 elections had ended with both the Independence Party and the [[Progressive Party (Iceland)|Progressive Party]] winning 13 seats, despite the IP receiving 42.5% of the vote to the PP's 27.2%.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, pp970-976</ref> The electoral system involved a mix of single member constituencies, two-member constituencies elected using [[proportional representation]] (PR) and one large multi-member constituency for [[Reykjavík]] that also used PR.<ref name=DN>Nohlen & Stöver, p955</ref>
The June 1959 elections had ended with both the Independence Party and the [[Progressive Party (Iceland)|Progressive Party]] winning 13 seats, despite the IP receiving 42% of the vote to the PP's 27%.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, pp970-976</ref> The electoral system at the time was [[rural–urban proportional representation]]: a lower tier comprised single member [[Constituencies of Iceland|constituencies]] elected using [[first-past-the-post voting]], two-member constituencies elected using [[party-list proportional representation]] (party-list PR) and one large multi-member constituency for [[Reykjavík (Althing constituency)|Reykjavík]] that also used party-list PR, topped up by an upper tier of eleven seats chosen from a single national compensatory list.<ref name=electoral-changes>{{Cite web|last=Renwick|first=Alan|date=2010|editor-last=Helgason|editor-first=Þorkell|editor2-last=Hermundardóttir|editor2-first=Friðný Ósk|editor3-last=Simonarson|editor3-first=Baldur|title=Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Iceland|url=http://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_215/FILE/Iceland_summary.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211004181241/http://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_215/FILE/Iceland_summary.pdf|archive-date=4 October 2021|access-date=4 October 2021|website=Electoral system change since 1945}}</ref><ref name=DN>Nohlen & Stöver, p955</ref>

The reforms saw the replacement of this rural-urban proportional system with a two-tier party-list PR system; the lower tier now comprised eight multi-member constituencies, all elected using party-list PR.<ref name=DN/><ref name=electoral-changes/> Five constituencies elected five members each, two elected six members each and Reykjavík elected 12. The number of seats for Reykjavík was also increased from the prior elections,<ref name=DN/> increasing the overall total in the Lower House from 35 to 40 and in the Upper House from 17 to 20.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, pp976-978</ref>


The voters’ capacity to change the order of names on the PR lists was greatly reduced compared to prior elections as well; the existing [[Borda count]]-based system was now only being used to calculate one-third of the final number of votes deemed to have been received by each candidate, while the party’s unaltered ordering determined the remaining two-thirds.<ref name=electoral-changes/>
The reforms saw the creation of eight multi-member constituencies elected using PR together with 11 compensatory seats.<ref name=DN/> The number of seats for Reykjavík was also increased,<ref name=DN/> increasing the overall total in the Lower House from 35 to 40 and in the Upper House from 17 to 20.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, pp976-978</ref>


==Results==
==Results==
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|seattype1=Lower<br>House|seattype2=+/–|seattype3=Upper<br>House|seattype4=+/–
!rowspan=2|Party
|party1=[[Independence Party (Iceland)|Independence Party]]|votes1=33800|st1t1=16|st2t1=+3|st3t1=8|st4t1=+1
!rowspan=2|Votes
|party2=[[Progressive Party (Iceland)|Progressive Party]]|votes2=21882|st1t2=11|st2t2=–2|st3t2=6|st4t2=0
!rowspan=2|%
|party3=[[People's Alliance (Iceland)|People's Alliance]]|votes3=13621|st1t3=7|st2t3=+2|st3t3=3|st4t3=+1
!colspan=2|Lower House
|party4=[[Social Democratic Party (Iceland)|Social Democratic Party]]|votes4=12909|st1t4=6|st2t4=+2|st3t4=3|st4t4=+1
!colspan=2|Upper House
|party5=[[National Preservation Party]]|votes5=2883|st1t5=0|st2t5=0|st3t5=0|st4t5=0
|-
|invalid=1331
!Seats
|total_st2t=+5|total_st4t=+3
!+/–
|electorate=95637
!Seats
|source=Nohlen & Stöver
!+/–
}}
|-
|align=left|[[Independence Party (Iceland)|Independence Party]]||33,800||39.7||16||+3||8||+1
|-
|align=left|[[Progressive Party (Iceland)|Progressive Party]]||21,882||25.7||11||–2||6||0
|-
|align=left|[[People's Alliance (Iceland)|People's Alliance]]||13,621||16.0||7||+2||3||+1
|-
|align=left|[[Social Democratic Party (Iceland)|Social Democratic Party]]||12,909||15.2||6||+2||3||+1
|-
|align=left|[[National Preservation Party]]||2,883||3.4||0||0||0||0
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||1,331||–||–||–||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''86,426'''||'''100'''||'''40'''||'''+5'''||'''20'''||'''+3'''
|-
|align=left|Registered voters/turnout||95,637||90.4||–||–||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=7|Source: Nohlen & Stöver
|}


==References==
==References==
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{{Icelandic elections}}
{{Icelandic elections}}


[[Category:1959 elections in Europe]]
[[Category:1959 elections in Europe|Iceland 2]]
[[Category:1959 in Iceland|Parliamentary election, 10-59]]
[[Category:1959 elections in Iceland|Parliament 2]]
[[Category:Elections in Iceland]]
[[Category:Elections in Iceland|1959 10]]
[[Category:Althing|1959-10 election]]
[[Category:Parliamentary elections in Iceland|1959 10]]
[[Category:October 1959 events]]
[[Category:October 1959 events in Europe|Icelandic parliamentary election]]


{{Iceland-election-stub}}
{{Iceland-election-stub}}

Latest revision as of 21:40, 23 November 2023

October 1959 Icelandic parliamentary election
Island
← June 1959 25 and 26 October 1959 1963 →
All 40 seats in the Lower House
and 20 seats in the Upper House of Althing
Turnout90.37%
Party Leader % Seats +/–
Upper House
Independence Ólafur Thors 39.72 8 +1
Progressive Hermann Jónasson 25.71 6 0
People's Alliance Hannibal Valdimarsson 16.01 3 +1
Social Democratic Emil Jónsson 15.17 3 +1
Lower House
Independence Ólafur Thors 39.72 16 +3
Progressive Hermann Jónasson 25.71 11 −2
People's Alliance Hannibal Valdimarsson 16.01 7 +2
Social Democratic Emil Jónsson 15.17 6 +2
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Emil Jónsson
Social Democratic		 Ólafur Thors
Independence
Politics of Iceland
Regierung
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
Political parties
Administrative divisions
Foreign relations
flag Iceland portal

Early parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 and 26 October 1959.[1] Following the electoral reforms made after the June elections, the Independence Party won 16 of the 40 seats in the Lower House of the Althing.[2]

Electoral reforms

[edit]

The June 1959 elections had ended with both the Independence Party and the Progressive Party winning 13 seats, despite the IP receiving 42% of the vote to the PP's 27%.[3] The electoral system at the time was rural–urban proportional representation: a lower tier comprised single member constituencies elected using first-past-the-post voting, two-member constituencies elected using party-list proportional representation (party-list PR) and one large multi-member constituency for Reykjavík that also used party-list PR, topped up by an upper tier of eleven seats chosen from a single national compensatory list.[4][5]

The reforms saw the replacement of this rural-urban proportional system with a two-tier party-list PR system; the lower tier now comprised eight multi-member constituencies, all elected using party-list PR.[5][4] Five constituencies elected five members each, two elected six members each and Reykjavík elected 12. The number of seats for Reykjavík was also increased from the prior elections,[5] increasing the overall total in the Lower House from 35 to 40 and in the Upper House from 17 to 20.[6]

The voters’ capacity to change the order of names on the PR lists was greatly reduced compared to prior elections as well; the existing Borda count-based system was now only being used to calculate one-third of the final number of votes deemed to have been received by each candidate, while the party’s unaltered ordering determined the remaining two-thirds.[4]

Results

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats
Lower
House		+/–Upper
House		+/–
Independence Party33,80039.7216+38+1
Progressive Party21,88225.7111–260
People's Alliance13,62116.017+23+1
Social Democratic Party12,90915.176+23+1
National Preservation Party2,8833.390000
Total85,095100.0040+520+3
Valid votes85,09598.46
Invalid/blank votes1,3311.54
Total votes86,426100.00
Registered voters/turnout95,63790.37
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p961 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p976
  3. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, pp970-976
  4. ^ a b c Renwick, Alan (2010). Helgason, Þorkell; Hermundardóttir, Friðný Ósk; Simonarson, Baldur (eds.). "Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Iceland" (PDF). Electoral system change since 1945. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
  5. ^ a b c Nohlen & Stöver, p955
  6. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, pp976-978
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