Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Difference between revisions

Makhdoom
Muhammad Hashim Thattvi
محمد هاشم التتوي
Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi; محمد هاشم التتوي
Personal
Born	19 November 1692; Bathoro, Mughal Empire
Died	11 February 1761 (aged 68); Thatta, Sindh, Durrani Empire
Resting place	Makli Necropolis, Thatta District
Religion	Islam
Denomination	Sunni
Jurisprudence	Hanafi
Creed	Maturidi
Occupation	Faqih, mufassir, muhaddith and poet
Organization
Order	Qadiriyya

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Muḥammad Hāshim Thattvī (1692 – 1761; Sindhi: مخدوم محمد هاشم ٺٺوي, Arabic: المخدوم محمد هاشم التتوي) was an Islamic scholar, author, philanthropist, and a spiritual leader who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever translator of the Quran in Sindhi language.^[5]

Activities

He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era.^{[citation needed]} He was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain.^{[citation needed]} He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among Sufis. He wrote Madah Nama Sindh (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah (a book based on the Hanafi theology), Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the Qadri order of Sufism, and followed the Hanafi school of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in Sindh and Thatta district in specific.^[6]

Family lineage

Thattvi descends from Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib of the Quraysh tribe,^[7] to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad also belonged.

Early life and education

Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor.^{[citation needed]} His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learned Persian language and Fiqh at home and travelled to Thatta the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the Kalhora dynasty when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress.^{[citation needed]} Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed, trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in the year 1111 Hijri, it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is considered a unique city even today.^{[citation needed]}

Makhdoom Muhammad went to Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic.^[5] Meanwhile, his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan.^{[citation needed]}

Makhdoom visited Makkah and Madinah and learned exegesis, hadiths, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.^[6]

Books

He wrote books in Arabic, Sindhi and Persian including:

Madah Nama Sindh (مدح نامه سنڌ): The book contains merits and values of Sindh and Sindhi society in the 18th century.^[5]
Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah.
al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات).

His authored books are included in the syllabus of Al-Azhar University today as well. Some of his books have recently been translated into Sindhi by Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri and Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi, including Madah Nama Sindh, al-Baqiyat as-Salihat and Khamsat at-Tahirah.^[6]^[5]

Mausoleum and shrine

Thousands of devotees and followers visit his mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in Makli, Thatta, near the historical Makli graveyard.^{[citation needed]} Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows: Ubaidullah Sindhi and Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi.^{[citation needed]}

Urs - Death Anniversary

Makhdoom Hashim's urs is celebrated every year on the 6th of rajab at the shrine.^{[citation needed]}

The day's proceedings involve recitation of the Quran, hymns and praises of Allah and Muhammad and the Prophet, and religious discourses are given by local orators and scholars.^[6]^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b Abu al-Khair Muhammad Zubayr, Naqshbandi Sufis of Sindh (in Urdu), Lahore, 2007, volume 1 pag 138
^ Maktabah Mujaddidiyah. "Rahat-ul-Momineen (Sindhi translation) : Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi". Retrieved 4 October 2019.
^ ^a ^b Mir Ali Sher Qaune Thattvi, Tuhfatul Karam (in Urdu), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 696
^ Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services (in Sindhi), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 59
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on sindhidunya.com website Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018
^ Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services (in Sindhi), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 55–56
^ 254th death anniversary of renowned scholar Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi today Sindh Times (newspaper), Published 10 February 2017, Retrieved 3 January 2018

External links

[Abu_al-Khair-1] Abu al-Khair Muhammad Zubayr, Naqshbandi Sufis of Sindh (in Urdu), Lahore, 2007, volume 1 pag 138

[2] Maktabah Mujaddidiyah. "Rahat-ul-Momineen (Sindhi translation) : Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi". Retrieved 4 October 2019.

[Qaune-3] Mir Ali Sher Qaune Thattvi, Tuhfatul Karam (in Urdu), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 696

[4] Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services (in Sindhi), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 59

[maktabah-5] Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018

[SindhiDunya-6] Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on sindhidunya.com website Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018

[7] Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services (in Sindhi), Sindhi Adabi Board, 2006, pg 55–56

[8] 254th death anniversary of renowned scholar Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi today Sindh Times (newspaper), Published 10 February 2017, Retrieved 3 January 2018

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Islamic scholar}}
 {{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2018}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
-{{Infobox officeholder
+{{Infobox religious biography
+| honorific_prefix   = [[Makhdoom]]
-|name         = Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi<br />مخدوم محمد ہاشم ٹھٹوی
+|name         = Muhammad Hashim Thattvi<br/>{{nobold|{{lang|ar|محمد هاشم التتوي}}}}
-|birth_date = 1693<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
+|image =
-|birth_place = Bathoro, [[Thatta District]]<ref name=maktabah/>
+|birth_date = {{Birth date|1692|11|19|df=y}}<ref name="Abu al-Khair">Abu al-Khair Muhammad Zubayr, ''Naqshbandi Sufis of Sindh'' {{in lang|ur}}, Lahore, 2007, volume 1 pag 138</ref>
-|death_date = 1761<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
-|death_place = [[Makli Necropolis]], [[Thatta District]]<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
+|birth_place = [[Mirpur Bathoro|Bathoro]],<ref name="Abu al-Khair"/> [[Mughal Empire]]
+|death_date = {{Death date and age|1761|02|11|1692|11|19|df=y}}<ref name="Qaune">[[Mir Ali Sher Qaune Thattvi]], ''Tuhfatul Karam'' {{in lang|ur}}, [[Sindhi Adabi Board]], 2006, pg 696</ref>
-|occupation = [[Sufism]]
+|death_place=[[Thatta]],<ref name="Qaune"/> [[Kalhora dynasty|Sindh]], [[Durrani Empire]]
-|office       = Pir Thattvi Sufi order
+|resting_place = [[Makli Necropolis]], Thatta District<ref>Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, ''Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services'' {{in lang|sd}}, [[Sindhi Adabi Board]], 2006, pg 59</ref>
-|successor1   = Makhdoom Abdul latif Thattvi
+|occupation = [[Faqih]], [[mufassir]], [[muhaddith]] and [[poet]]
-|successor2   = Bibi Aaminat
+|religion =[[Islam]]
-|successor3   = Bibi Hassan Bano
+|denomination=[[Sunni]]
-|successor4   = Bibi Afroze Jameel Uqaili <small>(Acting)</small>
+|jurisprudence=[[Hanafi]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Maktabah Mujaddidiyah |url=https://archive.org/details/Rahat-ul-momineensindhiTranslation |title=Rahat-ul-Momineen (Sindhi translation) : Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi|access-date=2019-10-04}}</ref>
+|creed=[[Maturidi]]
+|order=[[Qadiriyya]]
 }}
-'''Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi''' (1692- 1761) ({{lang-sd|مخدوم محمد هاشم ٺٺوي}}, {{lang-ur|مخدوم محمد ہاشم ٹھٹھوی}}) was an [[Islamic scholar|islamic scholar]], [[author]], [[philanthropist]], and a [[Spiritual Leader|spiritual leader]] who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever translator of the Quran in [[Sindhi language]].<ref name=maktabah>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=1151 Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website] Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018</ref>
+'''Muḥammad Hāshim Thattvī''' (1692{{dash}}1761; {{lang-sd|مخدوم محمد هاشم ٺٺوي}}, {{lang-ar|المخدوم محمد هاشم التتوي}}) was an [[Islamic scholar]], [[author]], [[philanthropist]], and a [[Spiritual Leader|spiritual leader]] who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever translator of the Quran in [[Sindhi language]].<ref name=maktabah>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=1151 Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website] Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018</ref>
 ==Activities==
-He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era. Makhdoom was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain. He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among [[Sufi]]s. He wrote ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah'' (a book based on the Hanafi theology), ''Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat'' (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the [[Qadri]] order of Sufism, and followed the [[Hanafi]] school of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in Sindh and Thatta district in specific.<ref name=SindhiDunya>[https://www.sindhidunya.com/the-famous-islamic-scholar-makhdoom-muhammad-hashim-thattvi/ Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on sindhidunya.com website] Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018</ref>
+He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}} He was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}} He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among [[Sufi]]s. He wrote ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah'' (a book based on the Hanafi theology), ''Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat'' (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the [[Qadri]] order of Sufism, and followed the [[Hanafi]] school of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in Sindh and Thatta district in specific.<ref name=SindhiDunya>[https://www.sindhidunya.com/the-famous-islamic-scholar-makhdoom-muhammad-hashim-thattvi/ Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on sindhidunya.com website] Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018</ref>
 ==Family lineage==
-Thattvi descends from [[Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] of the [[Quraysh]] tribe, to which the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]](P.B.U.H) also belonged:
+Thattvi descends from [[Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] of the [[Quraysh]] tribe,<ref>Dr. Abdul Rasool Qadri, ''Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi: Biography and Literary services'' {{in lang|sd}}, [[Sindhi Adabi Board]], 2006, pg 55–56</ref>  to which the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] also belonged.
-# Muhammad Hashim
-# Abdul Ghafur
-# Abdul Latif
-# Abdur Rahman
-# Khairuddin Harsi
 ==Early life and education==
-Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor. His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learned Persian language and Fiqh at home and travelled to [[Thatta]] the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the [[Kalhora dynasty]] when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress. Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed, trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in the year 1111 Hijri, it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is cosidered a unique city even today. All this attracted Makhdoom Hashim to come to Thatta and attend Arabic classes from Makhdoom Saeed. Makhdoom Muhammad, by his immense intellect and sharp mind, finished the curriculum which was usually completed in six years, in just six months. This made Makhdoom earn a lot of popularity among the great scholars and common people who used to come and visit him from far away areas and places. So he became a source of attraction for many  people and they began to see him as their spiritual master.<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
+Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}} His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learned Persian language and Fiqh at home and travelled to [[Thatta]] the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the [[Kalhora dynasty]] when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}} Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed, trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in the year 1111 Hijri, it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is considered a unique city even today.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}}
-Makhdoom Muhammad went to Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic.<ref name=maktabah/> Meanwhile, his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan.
+Makhdoom Muhammad went to Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic.<ref name=maktabah/> Meanwhile, his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}}
-Makhdoom visited [[Makkah]] and [[Madinah]] and learned exegesis, ahadith, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
+Makhdoom visited [[Makkah]] and [[Madinah]] and learned exegesis, hadiths, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.<ref name=SindhiDunya/>
 ==Books==
-He wrote 400 books in [[Arabic]], [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] and [[Persian language|Persian]] including:
+He wrote books in [[Arabic]], [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] and [[Persian language|Persian]] including:
 * ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (مدح نامه سنڌ): The book contains merits and values of Sindh and Sindhi society in the 18th century.<ref name=maktabah/>
-* ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah''. This is a short book that proves the Hanafi way of keeping hands in Qiyam during prayer is proved by Sahih Hadith.
+* ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah''.
-* al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات): This book describes the biographies of prophet Muhammad's(P.B.U.H) wives and some other great Islamic figures.
+* al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات).
 His authored books are included in the syllabus of [[Al-Azhar University]] today as well.
 Some of his books have recently been translated into Sindhi by [[Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri]] and Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi, including Madah Nama Sindh, al-Baqiyat as-Salihat and Khamsat at-Tahirah.<ref name=SindhiDunya/><ref name=maktabah/>
-==Alleged miracle==
-On Friday, 12th OF Rajab 1135 Hijri, Makhdoom Hashim was at Madinah and presented greetings at the resting place of Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H) and reportedly received the greatest gift in the form of reply of the greetings from Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H)  himself: "Waalaykum as-salam ya Muhammad Hashim". There were two Muhammad Hashims who both felt Muhammad had replied to them alone. To end the confusion they agreed on trying again and this time Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H) reportedly replied: "Waalaykum as-salam ya Muhammad Hashim Thattvi."
-A Persian phrase describes this event:
-::"Zaban-e-khalq-e-khuda naqqara-e-khuda ast"
-::Tongue of mankind is the tongue of God.
 ==Mausoleum and shrine==
-Thousands of devotees and followers visit his mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in [[Makli]], [[Thatta]], near the historical Makli graveyard. Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows:
+Thousands of devotees and followers visit his mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in [[Makli]], [[Thatta]], near the historical Makli graveyard.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}} Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows:
-[[Ubaidullah Sindhi]] and [[Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi]].
+[[Ubaidullah Sindhi]] and [[Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi]].{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}}
 ==Urs - Death Anniversary==
-Makhdoom Hashim's [[Urs|urs]] is celebrated every year on the 6th of [[rajab]] at the shrine.
+Makhdoom Hashim's [[urs]] is celebrated every year on the 6th of [[rajab]] at the shrine.{{Citation needed|date= May 2022}}
 The day's proceedings involve recitation of the Quran, hymns and praises of Allah and Muhammad and the Prophet, and religious discourses are given by local orators and scholars.<ref name=SindhiDunya/><ref>[http://www.thesindhtimes.com/entertainment/254th-death-anniversary-renowned-scholar-makhdoom-muhammad-hashim-thattvi-today/ 254th death anniversary of renowned scholar Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi today] Sindh Times (newspaper), Published 10 February 2017, Retrieved 3 January 2018</ref>
@@ Line 74: / Line 65: @@
 {{Hanafi scholars}}
+{{Maturidi}}
+{{authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Makhdoom Syed Muhammad Hashim}}
@@ Line 80: / Line 74: @@
 [[Category:Persian-language poets]]
 [[Category:Hanafi fiqh scholars]]
-[[Category:Arabic-language poets]]
+[[Category:Hanafis]]
-[[Category:Mughal Empire poets]]
+[[Category:Maturidis]]
+[[Category:Indian Arabic-language poets]]
+[[Category:Poets from the Mughal Empire]]
 [[Category:People from Thatta District]]
 [[Category:Sindhi-language poets]]
 [[Category:Quranic exegesis scholars]]
 [[Category:Qadiri order]]
+[[Category: Scholars from Sindh]]

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