November 2020 Adwa massacre: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Massacre in Adwa, Central Tigray as part of Tigray war}} |
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{{coord|14.1655 |N|38.8946|E|region:ET|display=title}} |
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{{Rcat shell| |
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[[File:ET Tigray asv2018-01 img46 Adwa.jpg|thumb|view on Adwa (at the foot of the mountains)]] |
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{{R to anchor}} |
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{{Infobox civilian attack |
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| date = 20 November 2021 |
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| location = [[Adwa]] ({{Lang-ti | ዓድዋ}}), [[Tigray Region]], Ethiopia |
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| partof = [[Tigray War]] |
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| map = {{Location map|Tigray Region#Ethiopia|lat_deg = 14.1655 |lon_deg = 38.8946|label = Adwa| border = none | float = center|caption = }} |
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| map_caption = Location of [[Adwa]] in Tigray (Ethiopia) |
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| fatalities = 31 civilians |
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| target = [[Tigrayans]] |
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| type = {{plainlist| |
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* [[Mass killing]] |
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* [[Ethnic cleansing]]}} |
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| perps = {{flagicon|Eritrea}} [[Eritrean Defence Forces]] |
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}} |
}} |
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The ''' November 2020 Adwa massacre''' was a mass [[extrajudicial killing]] that took place in [[Adwa]] ({{Lang-ti | ዓድዋ}}) in the [[Tigray Region]] of [[Ethiopia]] during the [[Tigray War]], on 20 November 2021.<ref name="atlas">Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., [[Jan Nyssen |Nyssen, J.]], 2021. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349824181 Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation]</ref> Adwa is a town in the Central Zone of Tigray. |
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==Massacre== |
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The [[Eritrean Defence Forces]] (EDF) killed 31 civilians in Adwa (Central Tigray) on 20 November 2021.<ref name="atlas"/> |
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{{Quote frame |quote= |
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Teklu was a health officer and he got killed with Andom Aregawi. Andom was an ambulance driver. He was driving with a woman in labor. His younger brother, Biniam, also got killed on the same day by the Eritrean soldiers. |
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|author=Tghat |title=Verified list of civilian victims |source=<ref name="tghat"/>}} |
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In line with historical studies of massacres, including those committed during the Armenian genocide,<ref>{{Cite book |title = The Massacre in History |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XrOT0cczclkC |publisher = Berghahn Books |date = January 1, 1999 |isbn = 978-1-57181-934-5 |first1 = Mark |last1 = Levene |first2 = Penny |last2 = Roberts |page = 90 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160510211213/https://books.google.com/books?id=XrOT0cczclkC |archive-date = May 10, 2016 |df = mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Melson |first1 = Robert |title = Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896 |journal = Comparative Studies in Society and History |date = July 1982 |volume = 24 |issue = 3 |pages = 482–3 |doi = 10.1017/s0010417500010100 }}</ref> a [[massacre]] can be defined as a conflict incident in which at least five unarmed civilians were killed on the same day at the same location. |
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Typical massacres committed by Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers in the Tigray war are (1) revenge when they lose a battle; (2) to terrorise and extract information about whereabouts of TPLF leaders; (3) murder of suspected family members of [[Tigray Defence Forces |TDF]] fighters; and (4) terrorising the Tigray society as a whole such as in case of mass killings in churches.<ref name="world">The World radio (2 April 2021): [https://www.pri.org/file/2021-04-02/counting-victims-tigray Counting the victims in Tigray]</ref> |
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==Perpetrators== |
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The victims’ families reported the perpetrators as being Eritrean soldiers.<ref name="tghat"/> |
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==Victims== |
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The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation” mentions 31 victims of this massacre,<ref name="atlas"/> of which eight have been identified:<ref name="tghat">TGHAT, [https://www.tghat.com/victim-list/ A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources]</ref> |
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{{div col|colwidth=22em}} |
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* Abraham Hagos Gebru |
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* Alemseged Yirdaw |
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* Andom Aregawi Gebru (32) |
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* Biniam Aregawi Gebru |
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* Hagos Meles |
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* Teklu Abera Michael |
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* Teklu Gebrehiwet |
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* Tesfamichael Gebretsadik (45) |
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{{div col end}} |
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==Reactions== |
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The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation”,<ref name="atlas"/> that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly regarding its Annex A, that lists massacres in the [[Tigray War]].<ref name="world"/><ref>EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: [https://www.euronews.com/2021/04/02/g7-seriously-concerned-about-human-rights-violations-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-region?jwsource=cl G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region]</ref><ref>CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) [https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-the-friday-edition-1.5974488 Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre]</ref><ref>The Guardian, 2 April 2021: [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/02/ethiopia-1900-people-killed-in-massacres-in-tigray-identified Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified]</ref> |
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After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, a joint investigation by [[OHCHR]] and the [[Ethiopian Human Rights Commission]] was announced in March 2021.<ref>France24, 18 March 2021: [https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210318-un-rights-chief-agrees-to-joint-tigray-probe UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe]</ref> |
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While the Ethiopian government promised that [[Eritrea]]n troops will be pulled out from Tigray, the Eritrean government denies any participation in warfare in Tigray, let alone in massacres.<ref>DW, 19 March 2021: [https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-are-other-nations-involved-in-the-war-in-tigray/a-56891431 Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray?]</ref> |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* Twitter: author @tvbempt; hashtags #NeverForget #SayTheirNames #Adwa |
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*[https://sites.tufts.edu/wpf/starving-tigray/ World Peace Foundation: Starving Tigray] |
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*[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349824181 Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation] |
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*[https://www.tghat.com/victim-list/ TGHAT: A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources] |
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{{Tigray conflict}} |
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[[Category:2020 in Ethiopia]] |
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[[Category:Wars involving Eritrea]] |
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[[Category:Wars involving Ethiopia]] |
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[[Category:Massacres in 2020]] |
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[[Category:Massacres of the Tigray War]] |
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[[Category:November 2020 crimes in Africa]] |
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[[Category:Massacres in the 2020s]] |
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[[Category:2020 crimes in Ethiopia]] |
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[[Category:2020 murders in Africa]] |
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[[Category:2020s murders in Ethiopia]] |
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[[Category:Massacres by the Eritrean Defence Forces]] |
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Latest revision as of 05:38, 25 November 2023
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