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{{Short description|United States Army general (1832–1903)}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
|name=William Henry Penrose
|name=William Henry Penrose
Line 5: Line 6:
|birth_place= [[Sackett's Harbor]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
|birth_place= [[Sackett's Harbor]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
|death_place= [[Salt Lake City]], [[Utah]]
|death_place= [[Salt Lake City]], [[Utah]]
|placeofburial=
|placeofburial= [[Arlington National Cemetery]]
|placeofburial_label=
|placeofburial_label=
|image=Wm. H. Penrose, Col. 15th NY LOC cwpb.06163-cropped.jpg
|image=Wm. H. Penrose, Col. 15th NY LOC cwpb.06163-cropped.jpg
|caption=William Penrose as brigadier general
|caption=William Penrose as brigadier general
|nickname=
|nickname=
|allegiance= [[United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|allegiance= [[United States of America]]<br />[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|branch= [[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]]
|branch= [[United States Army]]<br />[[Union Army]]
|serviceyears=1861 – 1896
|serviceyears=1861–1896
|rank=[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]]
|rank=[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]]
|commands= [[15th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry|15th New Jersey Infantry]]<br />[[First New Jersey Brigade]]
|commands= [[15th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry|15th New Jersey Infantry]]<br />[[First New Jersey Brigade]]
|unit=
|unit=
|battles=[[American Civil War]]
|battles=[[American Civil War]]
*[[Seven Days Battles]]
* [[Seven Days Battles]]
*[[Second Bull Run]]
* [[Second Bull Run]]
*[[Battle of Fredericksburg]]
* [[Battle of Fredericksburg]]
*[[Second Battle of Fredericksburg|Battle of Marye's Heights]]
* [[Second Battle of Fredericksburg|Battle of Marye's Heights]]
*[[Battle of Gettysburg]]
* [[Battle of Gettysburg]]
*[[Battle of the Wilderness]]
* [[Battle of the Wilderness]]
*[[Battle of Spotsylvania]]
* [[Battle of Spotsylvania]]
*[[Battle of Fort Stevens]]
* [[Battle of Fort Stevens]]
*[[Battle of Cedar Creek]]
* [[Battle of Cedar Creek]]
*[[Third Battle of Petersburg]]
* [[Third Battle of Petersburg]]
*[[Battle of Sayler's Creek]]
* [[Battle of Sayler's Creek]]
|awards=
|awards=
|laterwork=mechanical engineer
|laterwork=mechanical engineer
Line 36: Line 37:


==Biography==
==Biography==
Penrose was born at [[Madison Barracks]] in Sackett's Harbor NY, his father being a career army officer.<ref>[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/whpenrose.htm Arlington Cemetery]</ref> He moved to Michigan where and became a civil and mechanical engineer. At the beginning of the Civil War Penrose appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Infantry and fought in the Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg. In early 1863 he served as the regimental adjutant until being appointed as colonel of the 15th New Jersey Infantry on April 18. He led the regiment at the battle of Marye's Heights, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness briefly in command of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, VI Corps ([[First New Jersey Brigade]]). He received a [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] promotion for conspicuous action at each of these battles. During the battle of Spotsylvania Court House he assumed permanent command of the 1st Brigade, leading it through the battles of Cold Harbor, and Jerusalem Plank Road.<ref>Eicher p.425</ref> The entire VI Corps was transferred to the [[Civil War Defenses of Washington]] where Penrose and his brigade were involved in the battle of Fort Stevens.<ref>[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar;cc=moawar;idno=waro0070;q1=fort%20stevens;node=waro0070%3A2;view=image;seq=295;size=100;page=root Official Records]</ref> Penrose and the VI Corps were attached to the [[Union Army of the Shenandoah|Army of the Shenandoah]] during the [[Valley Campaigns of 1864|Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864]] before returning to the [[Army of the Potomac]] along the [[Siege of Petersburg|Petersburg Front]]. Penrose was awarded a brevet to brigadier general of [[United States Volunteers]] for the battle of Cedar Creek. During the [[Siege of Petersburg]] the VI Corps was selected to lead the final assault on the Confederate trenches. During this attach Penrose was wounded in the hip but maintained command of his brigade through the battles of Sayler's Creek and Appomattox Court House where he received a brevet promotion to brigadier general in the [[United States Armed Forces|Regular Army]]. Penrose was given a full promotion to brigadier general of volunteers in June 1865 and mustered out of volunteer forces in 1866 but stayed in the U.S. Army serving in the 12th, 16th and 20th U.S. Infantry Regiments. While serving in the 12th Infantry he commanded [[Fort Sully (South Dakota)|Fort Sully]] in Dakota Territory.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=s60ZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA88&lpg=PA88&dq=William+H.+Penrose+Fort+Sully&source=bl&ots=e4OyiRyDpp&sig=8xvanB_qe3QlUWVF1i0a8CYnKD8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjcyNrH8ZfPAhVEw4MKHboeClMQ6AEILjAE#v=onepage&q=William%20H.%20Penrose%20Fort%20Sully&f=false The Executive Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress 1887-188 P.88]</ref> He retired from the army in 1869 and moved to Salt Lake City, Utah where he died on August 29, 1903.<ref>Eicher p.&nbsp;425</ref>
Penrose was born at [[Madison Barracks]] in Sackett's Harbor NY, his father being a career army officer. He moved to Michigan where and became a civil and mechanical engineer. At the beginning of the Civil War Penrose appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Infantry and fought in the Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg. In early 1863 he served as the regimental adjutant until being appointed as colonel of the 15th New Jersey Infantry on April 18. He led the regiment at the battle of Marye's Heights, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness briefly in command of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, VI Corps ([[First New Jersey Brigade]]). He received a [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] promotion for conspicuous action at each of these battles. During the battle of Spotsylvania Court House he assumed permanent command of the 1st Brigade, leading it through the battles of Cold Harbor, and Jerusalem Plank Road.<ref>Eicher p. 425</ref> The entire VI Corps was transferred to the [[Civil War Defenses of Washington]] where Penrose and his brigade were involved in the battle of Fort Stevens.<ref>[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar;cc=moawar;idno=waro0070;q1=fort%20stevens;node=waro0070%3A2;view=image;seq=295;size=100;page=root Official Records]</ref> Penrose and the VI Corps were attached to the [[Union Army of the Shenandoah|Army of the Shenandoah]] during the [[Valley Campaigns of 1864|Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864]] before returning to the [[Army of the Potomac]] along the [[Siege of Petersburg|Petersburg Front]]. Penrose was awarded a brevet to brigadier general of [[United States Volunteers]] for the battle of Cedar Creek. During the [[Siege of Petersburg]] the VI Corps was selected to lead the final assault on the Confederate trenches. During this attach Penrose was wounded in the hip but maintained command of his brigade through the battles of Sayler's Creek and Appomattox Court House where he received a brevet promotion to brigadier general in the [[United States Armed Forces|Regular Army]]. Penrose was given a full promotion to brigadier general of volunteers in June 1865 and mustered out of volunteer forces in 1866 but stayed in the U.S. Army serving in the 12th, 16th and 20th U.S. Infantry Regiments. While serving in the 12th Infantry he commanded [[Fort Sully (South Dakota)|Fort Sully]] in Dakota Territory.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=s60ZAAAAYAAJ&dq=William+H.+Penrose+Fort+Sully&pg=PA88 The Executive Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress 1887–188 p. 88]</ref> He retired from the army in 1896 and moved to Salt Lake City, Utah where he died on August 29, 1903.<ref>Eicher p.&nbsp;425</ref>


Penrose and his wife Harriet Elizabeth (1836–1910) are buried at [[Arlington National Cemetery]].<ref>[https://ancexplorer.army.mil/publicwmv/#/arlington-national/search/results/1/CgdwZW5yb3NlEgd3aWxsaWFtGgFo/ Burial Detail: Penrose, William H (Section 3, Grave 1429)] – ANC Explorer</ref>
==Promotion History<ref>Eicher p.425</ref>==

==Promotion history==
'''Full Promotion'''<br>
'''Full Promotion'''<br>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|[[File:Union Army colonel rank insignia.png|35px]] Colonel U.S.A. || Cedar Creek || 19 Oct 1864
|[[File:Union Army colonel rank insignia.png|35px]] Colonel U.S.A. || Cedar Creek || 19 Oct 1864
|-
|-
|[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] Brigadier General U.S.V. || Cedar Creek [Middletown] || 19 Oct 1864
|[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] Brigadier General U.S.V. || Cedar Creek [Middletown] || 19 Oct 1864
|-
|-
|[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] Brigadier General U.S.A. || || 9 Apr 1865
|[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] Brigadier General U.S.A. || || 9 Apr 1865
|}
|}

==Footnotes==
⚫
{{reflist}}


==References==
==References==
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]]. ''Civil War High Commands''. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-8047-3641-3}}.
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]]. ''Civil War High Commands''. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-8047-3641-3}}.

⚫
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/whpenrose.htm William Henry Penrose], at ArlingtonCemetery.net, an unofficial website<!-- Not RS because it lacks attributions, but lots of good photos (which are under copyright) -->


{{DEFAULTSORT:Penrose, William H.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Penrose, William H.}}
[[Category:Union Army generals]]
[[Category:Union Army generals]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:United States Army colonels]]
[[Category:People of New Jersey in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:People of New Jersey in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:1832 births]]
[[Category:1832 births]]
[[Category:1903 deaths]]
[[Category:1903 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery]]

Latest revision as of 08:59, 26 November 2023

William Henry Penrose
William Penrose as brigadier general
Born(1832-03-10)March 10, 1832
Sackett's Harbor, New York
DiedAugust 29, 1903(1903-08-29) (aged 71)
Salt Lake City, Utah
Buried
Arlington National Cemetery
AllegianceUnited States of America
Union
Service/branchUnited States Army
Union Army
Years of service1861–1896
Rank Brigadier General
Commands15th New Jersey Infantry
First New Jersey Brigade
Battles/warsAmerican Civil War
Other workmechanical engineer

William Henry Penrose (March 10, 1832 – August 29, 1903) was a United States Army officer who served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Penrose commanded the First New Jersey Brigade and ended the war with the rank of brigadier general.

Biography

[edit]

Penrose was born at Madison Barracks in Sackett's Harbor NY, his father being a career army officer. He moved to Michigan where and became a civil and mechanical engineer. At the beginning of the Civil War Penrose appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Infantry and fought in the Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg. In early 1863 he served as the regimental adjutant until being appointed as colonel of the 15th New Jersey Infantry on April 18. He led the regiment at the battle of Marye's Heights, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness briefly in command of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, VI Corps (First New Jersey Brigade). He received a brevet promotion for conspicuous action at each of these battles. During the battle of Spotsylvania Court House he assumed permanent command of the 1st Brigade, leading it through the battles of Cold Harbor, and Jerusalem Plank Road.[1] The entire VI Corps was transferred to the Civil War Defenses of Washington where Penrose and his brigade were involved in the battle of Fort Stevens.[2] Penrose and the VI Corps were attached to the Army of the Shenandoah during the Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864 before returning to the Army of the Potomac along the Petersburg Front. Penrose was awarded a brevet to brigadier general of United States Volunteers for the battle of Cedar Creek. During the Siege of Petersburg the VI Corps was selected to lead the final assault on the Confederate trenches. During this attach Penrose was wounded in the hip but maintained command of his brigade through the battles of Sayler's Creek and Appomattox Court House where he received a brevet promotion to brigadier general in the Regular Army. Penrose was given a full promotion to brigadier general of volunteers in June 1865 and mustered out of volunteer forces in 1866 but stayed in the U.S. Army serving in the 12th, 16th and 20th U.S. Infantry Regiments. While serving in the 12th Infantry he commanded Fort Sully in Dakota Territory.[3] He retired from the army in 1896 and moved to Salt Lake City, Utah where he died on August 29, 1903.[4]

Penrose and his wife Harriet Elizabeth (1836–1910) are buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[5]

Promotion history

[edit]

Full Promotion

Rank Unit Date
2nd Lieutenant 3rd U.S. Infantry 13 April 1861
1st Lieutenant 3rd U.S. Infantry 14 May 1861
Colonel 15th New Jersey Infantry 18 April 1863
Captain (3rd U.S. Infantry) 11 September 1863
Brigadier General U.S.V. 27 June 1865
Major 12th U.S. Infantry 31 May 1883
Lieutenant Colonel 16th U.S. Infantry 21 Aug 1888
Colonel 20th U.S. Infantry 28 November 1893

Brevet Promotion

Brevet Rank Citation Date
Captain U.S.A. Marye's Heights 3 May 1863
Major U.S.A. Gettysburg 3 July 1863
Lieutenant Colonel U.S.A. Wilderness 5 May 1864
Colonel U.S.A. Cedar Creek 19 Oct 1864
Brigadier General U.S.V. Cedar Creek [Middletown] 19 Oct 1864
Brigadier General U.S.A. 9 Apr 1865

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Eicher p. 425
  2. ^ Official Records
  3. ^ The Executive Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress 1887–188 p. 88
  4. ^ Eicher p. 425
  5. ^ Burial Detail: Penrose, William H (Section 3, Grave 1429) – ANC Explorer

References

[edit]
  • Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
[edit]
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